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Methadone News masthead

June 2013
IN THIS ISSUE




Record-Keeping Tips
To emphasize the importance of good record keeping in your practice, this and future issues of Methadone News will include record keeping tips.

Please remember, the College considers Record keeping to be a clinical skill.

The assessment process has identified record-keeping issues in these areas:
  1. Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan (SOAP) format
  2. Documentation of patient counselling
  3. Details about the plan for the patient at each visit
  4. Differentiation from patient to patient and from note to note.

Many physicians using an Electronic Medical Record (EMR) find it easier to use a template or to copy the last note; however, this does not ensure that the visit is well documented.

This checklist will help you document what is important:

  1. The SOAP format is preferred for all interactions and patient visits including those for methadone treatment. For more information about the SOAP format, see the College’s Medical Records policy.
  2. Notes should reflect what was discussed at each appointment. Counselling around family issues, school issues, work place problems, current stresses, etc. is a big part of what prescribers do as part of the clinical interaction and needs to be fully documented.
  3. Each note for each patient should include a variety of information. If different notes from different patients all look the same, there is not enough detail about the physician-patient interaction.
  4. Each note should include a detailed plan. While the prescription provides some information about the plan, you must include sufficient detail in the progress note to “tell the story” of the patient. If another physician sees your patient issues that have been discussed, the past management of this patient and the future plan must be clearly documented.

Delegation of Methadone Administration
The delegation exemption was established by Health Canada as a way to address issues regarding patient access to methadone. If you are a physician with a delegation exemption, you are ultimately responsible for the patient’s treatment. You must be satisfied that anyone you delegate has the knowledge, skill and judgment to do the task.

When physicians receive a delegation exemption, they agree to a joint review of the practice by both the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario and the Ontario College of Pharmacists (OCP). An inspector from the OCP is hired by the CPSO to assess the following:

  • Documentation (e.g. policies and procedure manuals, agreements for delegation)
  • The transportation and transfer of custody of methadone, and the safe/secure storage of methadone
  • Methadone dose reconciliation
  • Record keeping practices (See Record Keeping Tips)
  • Appropriate return of unused doses
The report of the delegation assessment is reviewed by the Methadone Committee.

Naloxone
There has been a great deal of interest in providing Naloxone toolkits to the community in order to decrease the risk of overdose death.

On May 29th and June 5th, Toronto Public Health in conjunction with Breakaway Addiction Services offered training to organizations and service providers in the Greater Toronto Area on initiating and operating a peer-based Naloxone program. The training included the following:
  • Naloxone: the basics
  • What you need to start a Naloxone program
  • How to prescribe Naloxone
  • Risks and Liabilities
  • Medical Directives and Protocols
  • Supplies: what you need and where to get them
  • Training lay-people to administer Naloxone
If you were unable to attend one of the two Introductory Information Sessions there is still an opportunity to view the session by going to these links: If you are interested in the follow-up session to be held in September, you will need to view the Introductory Session before the end of August.  If you have questions or require further information please contact Linda Stevens or Cathy Cleary.

Suboxone and Buprenorphine Training
The CPSO recommends that physicians prescribing Suboxone and Buprenorphine undergo appropriate training to gain the necessary knowledge and skills, and exercise appropriate judgment. To date, the only formal training available is at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) in the opioid dependence treatment core course.

The Royal Ottawa Hospital recently launched a program called the Regional Opioid Intervention Service to provide opioid treatment and addiction and mental health assessment services. The program’s target population is individuals who are under the age of 30 with less than five years of opioid use. The program will work with a network of community and hospital service providers and hopes to offer training to family physicians interested in providing buprenorphine/naloxone treatment in the office. In addition, CAMH is hoping to offer an on-line Suboxone training program.

In the meantime, there are programs available through ASAM and other addiction/psychiatry organizations. Physicians are encouraged to attend training prior to initiating any patients on Suboxone or Buprenorphine.

MMT Program Standards and Clinical Guidelines
Many of you know that the College has a Methadone phone line. The phone line was established for the following purposes:

  1. To provide patients with the names of methadone prescribers in their community who might be accepting new patients;
  2. To confirm a physician’s methadone exemption for pharmacists;
  3. To respond to questions from physicians interested in applying for a methadone exemption for opioid dependence.

In addition to calls regarding these issues, we receive calls from prescribers with questions about the MMT standards and guidelines. Some of these questions are straightforward and staff can respond to them. Others are reviewed by the Methadone Committee and may make their way into the Q&A section of Methadone News.

If you have a question about the MMT standards and guidelines, please email: tmarshall@cpso.on.ca or mgans@cpso.on.ca.

We will determine if staff can respond, or if the matter requires a review by the Committee.



Word from the Chair












In the recently released Office of the Chief Coroner Report of 2009-2011, Chief Coroner Andrew McCallum notes an increase in deaths resulting from opioid use. While the graph provided in the report does not show exact figures, it appears that:

  • methadone-related deaths increased from around 60 in 2009 to over 100 in 2011.
  • Deaths related to fentanyl use increased steadily starting in 2006 to a high of 100 deaths in 2011.
  • Deaths due to oxycodone use decreased very slightly in 2011 from around 170 to around 160, although,
  • deaths from hydromorphone increased from around 30 to 40.
  • Deaths related to heroine, codeine and morphine were more or less steady from 2010-11
It is of great concern to care providers that, despite their best efforts, death due to drug use remains an issue. There is, unfortunately, nothing in this report to indicate whether the methadone deaths occurred in patients who were in methadone programs, or whether the deaths were of methadone-naïve patients who used diverted methadone. We might surmise that as oxycodone use has decreased due to decreased availability, the use of other opioids has increased resulting in more deaths.

This serves as a reminder to prescribers to carefully review the section of the MMT Program Standards and Clinical Guidelines relating to initiating patients on Methadone (section 6) and take-home doses (section 8). The Methadone Committee frequently sees, even in good practices, occasional deviations from the standards with respect to how frequently methadone doses are increased and the rate at which the dose is increased in the initiation phase, as well as issues with patients who are given carries despite continued, problematic drug use and the frequency with which carries are increased.

I urge you to continually review the Standards document and make adjustments to your practice accordingly. Use your colleagues as a resource to problem-solve when faced with difficult situations. Your goal should always be to ensure the safety of your patients, and, ongoing quality improvement efforts will assist in that goal. With that in mind, please review this issue’s Methadone Q&A regarding concurrent use of methadone and Wellbutrin.

The College’s annual Methadone Prescribers Conference will be held on November 15, 2013 at the Allstream Centre in Toronto. Proposed topics include:
• Methadone and pain
• Methadone and aging
• UDS monitoring
• Motivational interviewing
• Naloxone training

If you have suggestions for break-out sessions/speakers, please contact Maureen Gans.

Methadone Q&A

Q.  I have heard that Wellbutrin is abused in the methadone population of patients. I have a stable patient on methadone and I am also prescribing Wellbutrin for depression. How do I manage this patient?

A. Abuse of Wellbutrin by both injection and snorting has been widely reported.  There is a growing number of Wellbutrin-related deaths secondary to abuse. Patients who abuse Wellbutrin report a euphoric effect similar to that provided by cocaine. The Methadone Committee recommends avoiding Wellbutrin, or changing to an antidepressant with less abuse potential (e.g. SSRIs) in clinically unstable patients who have ongoing drug use, particularly the cocaine-abusing population. Prescribers should weigh the risks and benefits of using Wellbutin in stable drug-free patients with a dual diagnosis of depression who have benefited from its therapeutic antidepressant effect.
If the prescriber chooses to maintain Wellbutrin in the drug-free population, it is important to screen for signs and symptoms of Wellbutrin abuse (i.e., track marks, early refills, lost medications, etc). It is important to prescribe the Wellbutrin in a controlled fashion (i.e., daily to weekly and dispensed with the carries).

Important Message to
All Methadone Prescribers and their Clinic Staff


from the CPSO Methadone Committee

The CPSO Methadone Program will no longer provide verbal approvals for same day starts unless the patient is pregnant. According to G5.10 on page 30 of the Guidelines:

The MMT physician may initiate MMT prior to receiving confirmation from CPSO if:

  • The patient meets the DSM4 criteria for opioid dependency
  • The initial UDS verifies the self- report of the patient and is not positive for methadone
  • The physician feels a concern that a delay in initiation will cause the patient undue harm or lose the patient in retention.
If the initial UDS is positive for methadone, then the patient should not be initiated on MMT, and should be asked to return in a few days pending CPSO approval, as no verbal approval will be provided.

MMT prescribers should be aware that many patients seeking methadone treatment do not require to be started on the same day of the initial presentation, and a follow-up visit can be arranged.



Patient Forum highlights issues of particular interest to methadone patients. 

Issue 34, March 2013
Methadone and Aging
I wrote this essay because as a methadone client and a senior I am interested in the topic and thought you might be too ...
read it here

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