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Cancer Evidence Update

13th March 2017

External beam radiotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Read Authors' Conclusions

Interventions for raising breast cancer awareness in women
Read Authors' Conclusions

Management of people with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: an attempted network meta-analysis
Read Authors' Conclusions

Online support groups for women with breast cancer
Read Authors' Conclusions

Urate oxidase for the prevention and treatment of tumour lysis syndrome in children with cancer
Read Authors' Conclusions

Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin with interferon-alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin for treating non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Read Authors' Conclusions

Topic: Initial management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)

  • Addition of norethandrolone to maintenance therapy may increase 5-year survival in patients ≥ 60 years old achieving complete remission of AML with induction therapy (J Clin Oncol 2017 Feb)
  • Addition of clofarabine to induction chemotherapy with idarubicin, cytarabine, and amsacrine may not increase remission or survival in adults with newly diagnosed AML (Blood 2017 Jan 3 early online)

Topic: Chemotherapy for early and locally advanced breast cancer

  • Scalp cooling may prevent substantial hair loss in women with stage I or II breast cancer having chemotherapy (JAMA 2017 Feb 14)
  • Epirubicin plus paclitaxel regimen for 4 cycles associated with similar 10-year survival compared to standard regimen with 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide for 6 cycles in women with node-positive early breast cancer (Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016 Jan)

Topic: Ovarian cancer

  • hormone therapy within 6 months after treatment for nonserous epithelial ovarian cancer associated with increased 3-year survival in women < 55 years old, but not in women ≥ 55 years old (Obstet Gynecol 2016 May)
  • SGO/ASCO clinical practice guideline on neoadjuvant chemotherapy for newly diagnosed, advanced ovarian cancer (National Guideline Clearinghouse 2017 Feb 13)

Topic: Carcinoid tumors

  • Avelumab reported to induce complete response in 9% and partial response in 23% of patients with chemotherapy-refractory metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (Lancet Oncol 2016 Oct)

Topic: Flexible sigmoidoscopy for colorectal cancer screening

  • Benefit of flexible sigmoidoscopy screening for reducing colorectal cancer incidence and mortality may vary by age, sex, and colon region (BMJ 2017 Jan 13)

Access instantly from UHL computers or log-in with your Athens details (register here)
100,000 Genomes Project

A project run by Genomics England, a company owned by the Department of Health and part of the NHS, and carried out by Genomic Medical Centres (GMC) situated around the UK. UHL is part of the East of England GMC.

This project is an excellent opportunity for patients with rare conditions and certain cancers, and their families, to obtain a genetic diagnosis by genomic sequencing. It aims to sequence 100,000 genomes from NHS patients by 2018.  Overall, this project aims to improve and personalise patient treatment and care, develop a genomic medicine service for the NHS and find new scientific discoveries and medical insights.

More information

UHL colleagues including Professor Julian Barwell, Dr Corrina Powell and Helen Harrison have produced “Eligibility Wheels” as a simple guide to help clinicians identify potential participants to join the 100,000 Genomes Project.   The wheels bring together conditions that would be seen by a physician in a clinic setting. They can be displayed in clinical areas where most useful, such as on consultation room noticeboards or in toggled booklets.  For assistance with collating specialty specific printouts (laminated for display or toggled) please make contact (details below).  Contact will be made with the relevant specialities soon. In the meantime, you can view and download the Eligibility Wheels from the following link: https://www.genomicseducation.hee.nhs.uk/taught-courses/eligibility-wheels-library/ .  

Please share this information with other colleagues that see patients who may be eligible to participate in this project.
 
If you have any further enquiries, please contact the Leicester recruitment team via email or 0116 258 6968.  
Leicester Publications

Depressive spectrum disorders in cancer: prevalence, risk factors and screening for depression: a critical review.

White light, autofluorescence and narrow-band imaging bronchoscopy for diagnosing airway pre-cancerous and early cancer lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

A systematic review of the prognostic value of lymph node ratio, number of positive nodes and total nodes examined in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

To access full text you may have to log in to your NHS Athens account (click here to register for free). If full text is not available then please email us to request a copy.
UpToDate

What's new in oncology
Including:
  • Adjuvant trastuzumab in early HER2-positive breast cancer (February 2017)
  • Duration of adjuvant endocrine therapy for breast cancer (July 2016, Modified February 2017)
Other Selected Systematic Reviews
 
Risk of hepatotoxicity in cancer patients Treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data.

A systematic review and pooled analysis of retrospective series of eribulin in metastatic breast cancer.

Loss of phosphatase and tensin homolog expression correlates with clinicopathological features of non-small cell lung cancer patients and its impact on survival: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Management of elderly patients with early-stage medically inoperable endometrial cancer: Systematic review and National Cancer Database analysis.

Is there evidence that we should screen the general population for Lynch syndrome with genetic testing? A systematic review.

Barriers and facilitators of adjuvant hormone therapy adherence and persistence in women with breast cancer: a systematic review.

The diagnostic efficacy of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in ovarian cancer.

A systematic review of methods for quantifying serum testosterone in patients with prostate cancer who underwent castration.

The health professionals' perspectives of support needs of adult head and neck cancer survivors and their families: a Delphi study.

Serum Selenium Levels and Cervical Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The potential role of brachytherapy in the irradiation of patients with lung cancer: a systematic review.

Clinical outcomes after endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal neoplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Unusual clinical presentations of choriocarcinoma: A systematic review of case reports.

Surveillance strategy for small asymptomatic non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors - a systematic review and meta-analysis.
A Million Decisions: evidence-based healthcare
Health Education England and the Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals have launched a joint campaign for decisions in the healthcare sector to be fully evidence-based.

Every day more than a million decisions are made that have a profound and lasting impact on people's lives and which influence the quality of healthcare and the cost of services. The #amilliondecisions campaign calls for everyone involved in policy making and care delivery to use the skills of librarians and knowledge specialists in meeting their obligations under the Health and Social Care Act 2012.

Impact case studies
CILIP campaign information
Journal Clubs
Do journal clubs improve patient care and decision making?   
Do they help put evidence into practice?
If you attend a journal club, please fill in our 12 question survey at http://bit.ly/2j7VfHh.

The Joanna Briggs Institute 

JBI Recommended Practice
Cancer Pain Analgesia (Intrathecal): Clinician Information
PICO Question: What is the best available evidence regarding the use of intrathecal analgesics? 

Evidence Summaries
Cancer: Yoga Therapy for Insomnia
PICO Question: What is the best evidence regarding the management of cancer-related insomnia with yoga? 

Cancer: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia
PICO Question: What is the best evidence regarding the management of cancer-related insomnia with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)? 

Systematic Review
The short-term impact of colorectal cancer treatment on physical activity, functional status and quality of life: a systematic review
PICO Question: To identify the impact of curative CRC treatment (surgery with or without radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy) on physical activity, functional status and QoL within one year of treatment or diagnosis. 
Can you offer help with statistics?
The Library would like to compile a list of people who can offer colleagues help with doing statistics.  Research or writing for publication may involve using statistics. Some people have access to help (for example, through a local University, from other members of the research team, or from the sponsor or organiser of the research), but some do not.
 
If you would like to join this list, and receive requests for help, please fill in this form at http://bit.ly/2jF227j  
 
The Library is compiling lists of books and other resources about statistics.   Watch our website for details.
Reports

GP attitudes to cancer preventing drugs
Cancer Research UK has published Understanding GP attitudes to cancer preventing drugs.  This report presents the results of a survey of GPs about their use of offering tamoxifen and aspirin to lower the risk of, or prevent, certain cancers.  It found nearly half of GPs were unaware of the benefits of tamoxifen to prevent breast cancer.  The report concludes more needs to be done to ensure GPs are given the support they need.

Challenges to delivering the cancer strategy
Macmillan Cancer Support has published Warning signs: challenges to delivering the cancer strategy for England by 2020.  This report draws upon Macmillan’s experiences of working alongside the NHS in England and surveys of NHS leaders which asked for their views on the ability of the NHS to deliver the 2015 cancer strategy for England.  The report indicates the vision for cancer is the right one but there is less certainty regarding whether it can be delivered.

Quality improvement in cancer care
CanCon, an EU-funded project to improve quality in cancer care, has published European guide on quality improvement in comprehensive cancer control.  This guide aims to help reduce the cancer burden throughout the EU and the inequalities in cancer control and care that exist between member states.  It includes a detailed survivorship care plan and evidence-based recommendations on cancer screening programmes.

ONS Voice: Is the Oncology Care Model Redefining Care?

 
Manage Cancer—Your Way
Cancer can bring many challenges. Springboard Beyond Cancer gives you information and resources to help you cope and be in control.
 
Clinical Cancer Advances, ASCO annual report on progress against cancer
NHS Behind the Headlines - media stories explained

Wide range of cancers now linked to being overweight

Exercise 'most proven method' to prevent return of breast cancer

GPs 'failing to prescribe tamoxifen to prevent breast cancer'

Breath test shows potential for detecting cancer
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