Whilst there is nothing we can do about genetic influences, which are a strong determinant of myopia, research has looked at many different modifiable factors in the hope of preventing or arresting the development of myopia. Areas of interest have included different types of lenses (including bifocals, multifocals and dual focal lenses) as well as changing the anatomy of the cornea (orthokeratology) with variable results, conclusions and complications of their own.
In recent years a very strong link was found between outdoor time and myopia, concluding what nearly everyone accepts to be self-evident - time outdoors is good for our bodies. Whilst this was thought initially to be due to subsequently less time on devices such as iPads, it is actually the spectral characteristics of outdoor sunlight that protect against myopia (and prevent progression in the already myopic). The recommended amount of outdoor time is 10-15 hours a week.
Recent studies have shown that an eye drop called Atropine when used in very low doses (0.01%) can reduce the progression of myopia. Atropine, which is normally used to dilate the pupil and relax the eye's focusing muscle, has therefore been of use in ophthalmology for many years for assessment purposes and also occasionally to treat inflammatory eye conditions. More recent investigations have revealed that it can safely slow down the progression of myopia. The exact mechanism is not known but it is believed that Atropine works on certain receptors in the retina or sclera, inhibiting thinning and thereby limiting eye growth. More research is being undertaken so that there may be a fuller understanding of this. Because the dosage is so low it is not believed to cause the usual side effects of glare sensitivity or blurry vision. If you want to discuss the possibility and appropriateness of using this for your child please call the rooms to make an appointment with your regular doctor here.