The EU Framework Directive, 2009 – commonly known as the EU pesticide package - imposes all member states to develop National Action Plans that require those who use pesticides in their commercial activities to apply the principals of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). 
Dr Willem Jan de Kogel, WUR Business Unit Biointeractions & Plant Health is closely involved in researching the problems generated by large-scale monoculture and the use of chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers. In particular on plant health and food security but also the negative effects on pollinating insects and the health of those working with these products. From the time that he was a child looking out over the peaceful green meadows around his parental home and later as a student of biology and entomology in Utrecht and Amsterdam, he became increasingly aware of the impact biodiversity has on human life.
Since he joined WUR he has been closely involved in programmes dealing with the management of plant pests and diseases.

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Insects, mites as well as fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes and nutrient deficiencies damage crops. Many farmers are sufficiently experienced to recognise these problems as well as the effects of poor weather conditions. However, sometimes the causes of crop damage are less obvious and this handbook provides information that can help farmers determine why their crops are being damaged.
Special attention is given to biological methods of dealing with crop diseases and a form has been included that farmers can use to describe crop damage in a way that can enable Plant Research Stations to identify the cause.


You can order
Agrodok 28: Identification of crop damage on our website

Agrodok 2: Soil Fertility Management

Soil fertility determines crop yields and it is important that rural communities have the information they need to maintain soil fertility. This Agrodok deals with appropriate crop husbandry practices and the use of organic and chemical fertilisers as well as giving some background information and definitions of terms used in soil science. It also outlines a procedure that will enable farmers to assess soil conditions and understand the importance of ensuring that the soil’s organic content matter is maintained.

 

Agrodok 8: Preparation and use of compost 

 
Many farmers face problems of decreasing soil fertility. The preparation and use of compost can be a solution to that problem. In this Agrodok the important aspects of compost making in tropical and subtropical areas are explained. The composting process is described and practical suggestions as to how a compost heap can be constructed are given. A clear list of advantages and disadvantages are provided which will help farmers decide whether or not to start producing their own compost.
 

Agrodok 32: Beekeeping in the tropics 

 
In this Agrodok the authors describe different ways of beekeeping. Experienced beekeepers with local knowledge of how to manage indigenous bees and the materials and techniques available to process their products are an important source of information. Different types of hives are described as well as the factors that must be taken into account when choosing hive sites. Particular attention is given to the diseases and pests that can destroy a colony and the importance of seasonal management to ensure sustainable production.
This Agrodok is a useful source of information for those working to improve community beekeeping practices and optimal use of the bee products.
And… to take advantage of the greatest added value of beekeeping: the pollination of agricultural and horticultural plants.
 

Agrodok 29: Pesticides:compounds, use and hazards

 
Pesticides are still being used and this handbook makes an important contribution to how they can be more safely used. It explains what pesticides are, how they are categorised and what their advantages and disadvantages are. Spraying is discussed, as well as types of sprayers, dosage and how equipment should be maintained. Considerable attention is given to the human and environmental hazards of pesticides and the importance of carefully following directions for use and safety measures. This information is reinforced by the inclusion in an appendix of the FAO International Code of Conduct on the Distribution and Use of Pesticides.
 

AgroBrief: Pesticide Poisoning