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In today’s Chumash, we learn more mitzvos!
- We are not allowed to say mean things to a Ger, like reminding him that he used to do Avodah Zarah.
- Love a Ger. Remember that you were also like a Ger when you were in Mitzrayim — treat him the way you would want to be treated.
- A Yid is not allowed to act in a tricky way. We are not allowed to measure things wrong so a person thinks there are more or less of them, and we aren’t even allowed to have scales or measuring tools that aren’t right, even if we aren’t using them.
We learn about the punishments for certain aveiros:
- Anyone who does the Avodah Zara of Molech needs to be killed
- Someone who goes to people who use Tumah to tell the future like Ov and Yidoni, will be cut off from Hashem (kareis).
These kinds of aveiros are very serious, so the punishments are very strict. Yidden should make themselves holy by separating themselves from Avodah Zarah!
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At a farbrengen on Yud-Beis Tammuz Tof-Shin-Zayin (printed in Likutei Diburim), the Frierdiker Rebbe shared how the Rebbe Rashab explains the kapitel beginning with the words Lamnatzeiach Binginos, Kapitel Samach-Zayin, which is in today’s Tehillim. Yud-Beis-Tammuz of that year was the Freirdiker Rebbe’s 67th Yom Huledes. So that year, the Frierdiker Rebbe’s kapitel had been Kapitel Samach-Zayin!
At that farbrengen, the Frierdiker Rebbe spoke about how he learned the Pirush Hamilos of tefillah, the meaning of the words of davening, together with his father, including this kapitel, which we say every day before Boruch She’amar:
“My father (the Rebbe Rashab) learned Pirush Hamilos with me twice. I learned the meaning of the weekday davening, Shabbos and Yom Tov, the Haggadah Shel Pesach, and some of the tefillos of Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur.
“The first time was when I was a child, and the second time was starting from my Bar Mitzvah, on Yud-Beis Tammuz Tof-Reish-Nun-Gimmel.
“When my father started to learn Pirush Hamilos with me the first time, he said: ‘To daven and not know what you are davening is Nit Kein Zach — not right.’ He then started to teach me the basic meaning of davening.
“The second time my father learned with me, he taught me the Chassidishe meaning of davening...
“Starting from Modeh Ani, my father explained every posuk according to Chassidus, with a lesson that can be taken from it. Together with each inyan, he would tell a story, mostly they were “Torahs” that the Alter Rebbe heard from the Chassidus of the Baal Shem Tov and the Maggid. Sometimes it would also be an explanation of the Alter Rebbe himself or one of the later Rebbeim.”
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TANYA
Likutei Amarim Perek Mem-Vov
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We are learning now how a Yid can come to love Hashem by thinking about the love that Hashem has for us! Hashem took us out of Mitzrayim, and brought us close to Him by giving us the Torah and the mitzvos.
When we do a mitzvah, we are very close to Hashem — but we don’t always feel it.
In Tehillim, Asaf says: “Va’ani Vaar Velo Eida, Beheimos Hayisi Imach, Va’ani Tomid Imach.” — “I am foolish, I don’t feel You, Hashem. I am like an animal in front of You — but I am always with You.”
Asaf was saying these words for all of the Yidden who live after the time of the Churban Beis Hamikdash, when we don’t feel Hashem. Even though a mitzvah should make us feel Ahavas Hashem and Yiras Hashem because of how special it is, during Golus we don’t feel it.
We are like a fool or an animal, who don’t understand what is happening.
Still, “Va’ani Tomid Imach” — “I am always with You, Hashem!” Even though the BODY doesn’t always understand how close it is to Hashem when it does a mitzvah, the neshama does feel it!
This closeness to Hashem is the same by EVERY kind of Yid, from the biggest tzadik to the simplest person. Any time a Yid does an aveira, he is breaking this tremendous closeness to Hashem, which is the same for everyone. That is why every Yid gets the same punishment if he chas veshalom does an aveira.
When we think about how Hashem makes us so close to Him when we do a mitzvah, we will love Hashem and want to do His mitzvos!
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Today is twenty-seven days of the Omer!
In today’s Hayom Yom, the Rebbe tells us more words to make sure we read right when we daven. There are different nuschaos for these words, and the Rebbe shows us the way to read them in the Chabad nusach. In our siddurim, they are already printed this way.
In yesterday’s Hayom Yom, we learned the ones from the first part of davening, until Shemoneh Esrei. Today we learn the rest of Shacharis, and also Maariv.
- (In Tachanun) Menu Ma’amor (with a komatz), Keyom ...Ne’emar (with a patach)
- (In Va’anachnu Lo Neda) Zochur (Ki Afar Anachnu) with a melupam (like a shuruk)
- (In Uva Letzion) Unetaltani with the nekudos patach, sheva, patach
- (In the paragraph before Shema in Maariv) Ve’ahavas’cha Lo Sasur — not “Al Tasir” like some other people have a minhag to say
This week we are working on the midah of Netzach, which is doing the right thing even when we’re not in the mood. One example of how to use our Netzach is in today’s Hayom Yom! Even if we’re not in the mood of davening, we should still be careful to say each word properly.
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Today’s mitzvah (Mitzvas Asei #99) is about the Tumah of Niddah. Even though we are not careful about most kinds of tumah without the Beis Hamikdash, this is one of the kinds of tumah that we’re still careful about today. These halachos are also called Taharas Hamishpacha, and only married people need to keep them.
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RAMBAM
Hilchos Metamei Mishkav U'Moshav
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In today’s Rambam, we start learning a new set of halachos — about people who can make something tomei by where they sit or lie down. These people have a certain kind of tumah that come from their body.
Perek Alef: The Rambam teaches us what can make a person tomei enough to make other things Tomei by sitting down or lying down on them. (Those things will become an Av HaTumah — that’s is the strongest kind of tumah, which can make other things Tomei more easily.)
Perek Beis: Now we explain the halachos about things that come from a person with these kinds of Tumah — like their blood or the spit in their mouth. This can be also counted as an Av HaTumah.
Perek Gimmel: This perek teaches us when another person can get this kind of Tumah too, from them. We also learn about when a woman finds out that she was Tomei — sometimes we say that she was probably Tomei the day before too, and just didn’t find out until now. So everything she touched since yesterday is Tomei too!
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This perek teaches us more conditions and tricky cases where we might not be sure if someone is really married. In the end of the perek, we learn that once the Kiddushin happened, even if they change their minds right away, they are still married!
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In this week’s Perek of Pirkei Avos, we learn many teachings of Rabbi Akiva. In Mishnah Tes-Zayin, the Mishnah says, “Nifra’in Min Ha’adam MiDaato VeShelo MiDaato” — the Beis Din Shel Maalah can punish a person with him knowing about it (Midaato), and without him knowing about it (Shelo Midaato).
The Baal Shem Tov explains that “midaato” means that the punishment is decided from HIS “daas” — from his own decision. That means that every person decides for himself how he should be punished.
But who would decide that they deserve to be punished? And when does a person make this decision? “Shelo Midaato,” without us realizing it!
The Beis Din Shel Maalah shows the person someone else who did something similar to what he did, and asks what punishment the other person deserves. Based on his decision, the Beis Din punishes the person himself!
So we see that what happens to a person is decided Midaato, “from his knowledge”, because it is decided based on his own opinion, but it is Shelo Midaato, because he doesn’t realize that what he was deciding for the other person is actually being decided for him!
We don’t realize it, but when we are thinking how someone else did something terrible and they deserve to get in big trouble, the Beis Din Shel Maalah is making decisions from that for us as well!
The Rebbe teaches us why it needs to be done that way, why the Beis Din Shel Maalah can’t just decide on its own: Nobody has any control over a Yid — even the Beis Din Shel Maalah. The only way something not good can be decided about a Yid is if the Yid himself decides it!
That teaches us to be very careful about judging another person, because really we are judging ourselves!
On the good side though, if we look at someone else and think that they are doing something good and deserve to be rewarded, that’s how we are treated too!
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When the Anshei Kneses Hagedolah put together the davening, they set up 18 brachos to say as Shemoneh Esrei, the main part of davening where we ask Hashem for our needs.
Later, in the times of Rabban Gamliel, there were many Yidden who stopped following Yiddishkeit the way it had been kept since the times of Matan Torah. They stopped following the Torah Shebaal Peh, and only did whatever they wanted to of the Torah Shebichsav. Unfortunately, this confused many Yidden, who thought that this was a real way to follow the Torah.
Since this was causing many Yidden to stop keeping the Torah and mitzvos, Rabban Gamliel’s Beis Din put together another bracha and added it to the Shemoneh Esrei. In this bracha, “Velamalshinim,” they asked Hashem that all of these new ideas and philosophies shouldn’t stop Yidden from acting like Yidden. They asked Hashem that these people should do teshuvah and shouldn’t be able to affect anyone else to copy their strange ways.
Even today, many groups of Yidden come up with new ideas of how to act — and many of them are not the way the Torah teaches us to behave. When we say the bracha of Velamalshinim, we are asking Hashem to make sure that Yidden are connected to Yiddishkeit in the proper way.
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Something that isn’t muktza can become muktza if it becomes a bosis, a base, because something muktza is resting on it.
That means that something muktza is resting on top of a table for example, now the table becomes muktza, just like the muktza thing resting on it!
Here are some conditions for something to become a bosis:
1) The muktza has to have been put there on purpose. If you put down the phone on the table for a minute, but you were planning to put it away before Shabbos and forgot, the table does not become a bosis.
2) The muktza thing has to have stayed there the whole Bein Hashmashos — from Shkiah until Tzeis Hakochavim.
If a computer was sitting on the desk for the whole Bein Hashmashos, that desk becomes a bosis, and stays that way for the whole Shabbos. Even if someone accidentally moved the computer off the desk, the desk is still a bosis and it stays muktza the whole Shabbos.
Based on Hilchos Shabbos for Children (Hebrew) by Pansaim
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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In the beginning of Sefer Yeshayahu, the Navi tells his generation a nevuah about the Geulah!
וְאָשִׁיבָה שֹׁפְטַיִךְ כְּבָרִאשֹׁנָה וְיֹעֲצַיִךְ כְּבַתְּחִלָּה אַחֲרֵי כֵן יִקָּרֵא לָךְ עִיר הַצֶּדֶק קִרְיָה נֶאֱמָּנָה
Ve’ashiva Shoftayich Kevarishona — Hashem will again give us shoftim, judges, who are tzadikim — the Sanhedrin!
Veyo’atzayich Kevatechilah — And advisors who are tzadikim, like we used to have.
Acharei Chein Yikarei Lach — Afterwards, Yerushalayim will be called:
Ir Hatzedek Kiryah Ne’emanah — A city of tzedek, righteousness, a city that is faithful to Hashem!
The Anshei Kneses Hagedolah gave us a bracha to say every day in Shemoneh Esrei, the bracha of Hashiva Shofteinu, asking Hashem to fulfill this nevuah!
See Yeshayahu perek Alef posuk Chof-Vov
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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