A word of Torah:
A teaching for Shavuot
In the traditional view, the Torah consists of two parts—the written Torah found in a scroll and the Oral Torah found in the Talmud, which was passed down orally for centuries until it was written down to ensure its preservation.
The Hasidic master, the Sefat Emet, points out that the source for the reading of the book of Ruth on Shavuot is found in the Oral Torah. He says: The Holy One desires that the people of Israel, through their deeds, should add to the written Torah.
This suggests that acts of kindness found in the story—when Ruth, the first “Jew by choice,” elects to stay with her mother-in-law, Naomi, and when Boaz, a distant relative of Naomi, elects to take Ruth under his wing, helped create the book of Ruth. In this understanding, the Oral Torah is an ongoing process that continues to be written by each generation through their good deeds. The Sefat Emet also suggests that, along with receiving the Torah at Sinai, the people of Israel were given the ability to find new meanings in it. This is what is meant in the second Torah blessing, said when being called up to the Torah for an Aliya, “who has … planted within us eternal life “(hayei olam nata be-tokheinu). The eternal life within us is the ability to interpret Torah and thereby continue the unfolding redemption of the world. One way to achieve eternal life is through the connections to the generations who came before and those who will follow us. Another is through our deeds, which add to the totality of the Oral Torah.
At Sinai, the Torah says (Ex. 20:15) that “all the people saw the thunder and lightning….and when the people saw …” Why is it necessary to repeat the verb? The Sefat Emet suggests that seeing the Torah revealed, the people also saw their inner selves. How does this happen in our everyday lives, far from the moment of Sinai? It happens panim el panim—face to face, when our lives are reflected in the faces of others. The best way to see ourselves is in the eyes of others and our interactions with them. In this way, we help shine Torah out into the darkening world. Despite the distracting noise of our daily lives, we are to see, not hear the noise, to see the task before us and notice all those standing at Sinai, straining to hear the small still voice that calls out God’s first and ultimately only question: Where are you/ayekha?
The Torah says that Israel encamped before the mountain (Ex. 19:20). The commentators point out all the other verbs referring to Israel are in the plural and yet here, the verb “encamped” in in the singular. They suggest that this is because at that moment Israel was united as one. Israel at Sinai encamped in singular oneness. On Shavuot we receive the Torah of oneness when we reflect the oneness of God. We strive for this sense of oneness both as Jews and Americans when we say:
Shema Yisrael--Hear O Israel, God is One.
Hear O United States--We are one and our name is one---E pluribus unum.
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