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COVID-19 Evidence alert - 9th July 2020
 
Welcome
COVID-19 Evidence alert is a weekly update highlighting emerging evidence on the following key topics identified as useful in supporting Covid recovery planning:
  1. Residential settings
  2. Impacts of lifting restrictions
  3. Long term rehabilitation needs
  4. Screening and testing
  5. Broader impacts on health outcomes
  6. Impact on non-Covid care
This update follows on from a series of rapid evidence scans on these key topics, with corresponding evidence trackers providing details of relevant papers. 

The evidence scans and corresponding evidence trackers can be found here: https://www.strategyunitwm.nhs.uk/covid19-and-coronavirus (see ‘Evidence - Helping you to keep up to date’).

Here you will also find details of the evidence that has been used to inform this weekly update.

We are also working on other key areas of interest such as impacts on inequalities and marginalised groups, which will be added to the alert once completed.

Please note that this email alert excludes section summaries due to the breadth and volume of evidence covered in the alert.

Analytical Collaboration for COVID-19  

As previously described the collaboration are supporting ad hoc immediate questions raised by national bodies but are also using their expertise to focus on questions that the NHS may lack the immediate resources to look at, which may be more medium-term, cut across sectors, or benefit from independent analysis.  This week the Strategy Unit published analyses on changes in healthcare activity since lockdown, these include:   

Residential facilities


Commentary from the collaboration
Staffing issues in care homes have contributed to COVID-19 infections amongst residents. The Health Foundation. (published online 3/7/20).

Strengthening social care analytics in the wake of COVID-19: initial findings. Nicholas L, Naylor A & Steventon A. The Health Foundation. (published online 2/7/20).

Leading in isolation during COVID-19. Flatley L. The King’s Fund. (published online 2/7/20).

Guidance
Infection prevention and control and surveillance for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in prisons in EU/EEA countries and the UK. ECDC Technical Report. (published online 3/7/20).

Rapid reviews
Best practices for personal care workers providing home care in the context of COVID-19. Navarro P. Newfoundland & Labrador Centre for Applied Health Research.

Emerging evidence
COVID-19: Care Homes in England. Heneghan C & Oke J. Oxford CEBM. (updated 7/7/20).

Impact of coronavirus in care homes in England: 26 May to 19 June 2020. Tinsley B. Office for National Statistics.

The Human Rights of Older People during Covid-19: Social Wellbeing and Access to Care and Support for Older People in the United Kingdom. Wyllie A. University of Essex.

COVID-19 and people experiencing homelessness: challenges and mitigation strategies. Perri M et al, CMAJ, 192 (26) E716-E719. “

Commentaries
COVID-19 and residential aged care in Australia. Ibrahim JE, Aus J Adv Nurse, 37(3). (published online 18/6/20).

A call to protect patients, correctional staff and healthcare professionals in jails and prisons during the COVID-19 pandemic. Oladeru OT et al., Health and Justice, 8(17). (published online 2/7/20).

Impacts of lifting restrictions


Commentary from the collaboration
Learning from lockdown. How can we build a healthier future post-COVID-19. Bibby J & Leavey C. The Health Foundation. (published online 7/7/20).

Rapid reviews
How might the mental wellbeing of older people living in the community be supported when shielding and social distancing has been recommended for an extended period of time? Public Health Wales Observatory Evidence Service.

Emerging evidence
Coronavirus and the social impacts on Great Britain: 3 July 2020. Office for National Statistics.

The passage of time during the UK Covid-19 lockdown. Ogden RS. PLosOne, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235871.

Covid-19: Back to School, Rebuilding a Better Future for All Children. Defeyter et al., (preprint).

Appealing to economic (vs. health) risk may be more effective to fight COVID-19:  A multilevel analysis in 24 countries. Nisa CF et al., PsyArXiv.

Mapping public health responses with attitude networks: the emergence of opinion‐based groups in the UK’s early COVID‐19 response phase. Maher PJ et al, British Journal of Social Psychology, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12396.

Commentaries
Early lessons from a second COVID-19 lockdown in Leicester, UK. Nazareth J et al., Lancet (e-pub), doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31490-2. (published online (1/7/20).

Reopening Colleges and Universities During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Wrighton MS & Lawrence SJ. Annals of Internal Medicine. Doi: 10.7326/M20-4752. (published online 2/7/20).

Reopening US Schools in the Era of COVID-19: Practical Guidance From Other Nations. Das LT et al. JAMA Health Forum. (published online 30/6/20).

Why Scotland’s slow and steady approach to covid-19 is working. Sridhar D and Chen A, BMJ, 370, m2669.

Meat plants—a new front line in the covid-19 pandemic. Middleton J et al, BMJ, 370, m2716.

Long term rehabilitation needs


Guidance
The Stanford Hall consensus statement for post-COVID-19 rehabilitation. Barker-Davies RM et al., British Journal of Sports Medicine.
After-care needs of inpatients recovering from COVID-19. NHS England.

Rapid reviews
What is the psychological impact of COVID-19 on patients recovering from the disease who need rehabilitation? Reynolds J & Leen B. HSE Library.

Emerging evidence
The emerging spectrum of COVID-19 neurology: clinical, radiological and laboratory findings. Paterson RW et al., Brain, awaa240. Doi: 10.1093/brain/awaa240.

The most cited and co-cited COVID-19 articles: Knowledge base for rehabilitation team members. Rafet I. IOS Press. Doi: 10.3233/WOR-203193.

Commentaries
Bilateral lower limb weakness: a cerebrovascular consequence of covid-19 or a complication associated with it? Morjaria JB et al., Internal and Emergency Medicine. Internal and Emergency Medicine, Doi:10.1007/s11739-020-02418-9. (published online 22/6/20).

Screening and testing


Commentary from the collaboration
Chart of the week: The knowns and unknowns of NHS Test and Trace. Palmer B. The Nuffield Trust. (published online 7/7/20).

Emerging evidence
Rapid Risk Assessment: Resurgence of reported cases of COVID 19 in the EU/EEA, the UK and EU candidate and potential candidate countries. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.

Optimising benefits of testing key workers for infection with SARS-CoV-2: A mathematical modelling analysis. Sandmann FG et al., Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciaa901.

COVID-19 antibody testing and ‘immunity certification’: a discussion paper. Mills P. Nuffield Council on Bioethics.

Social Distancing 2.0 with Privacy-Preserving Contact Tracing to Avoid a Second Wave of COVID-19. Ho YC et al., ArXiv. (preprint).

COVID-19, digital privacy, and the social limits on data-focused public health responses. Fahey RA & Hino A. Int J inf Manage, 1, 102181. Doi: 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102181.

Efficacy of contact tracing for the containment of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Keeling MJ et al., J Epidemiol Community Health.

Stemming the Flow: How Much Can the Australian Smartphone App Help to Control COVID-19? Currie DJ et al., Public Health Res Pract, 30(2), 3022009.

Commentaries
Lessons from Leicester: a covid-19 testing system that’s not fit for purpose. Gill M et al, BMJ, 370, m2690. (published online 7/7/20).

Antibody testing for coronavirus disease 2019: not ready for prime time. Duong YT et al, BMJ, 370, m2655. (published online 3/7/20).

Getting back on track: control of covid-19 outbreaks in the community. Roderick et al. BMJ, 369:m2484. (published online 25/6/20).

Has Sweden’s controversial covid-19 strategy been successful? Habib H. BMJ, 369:m2376. (published online 12/6/20).

Getting it right in the pandemic. Loder E. BMJ, 370:m2637. (published online 2/7/20)

Point-of-Care Diagnostic Services as an Integral Part of Health Services during the Novel Coronavirus 2019 Era. Mashamba-Thompson TP & Drain PK. MDPI. (published online 3/7/20).

Broader impacts on health outcomes


Commentary from the collaboration
Mental health care in the time of Covid-19. Gilburt H. The King’s Fund. (published online 3/7/20).

Addressing race inequalities in the NHS needs engagement, commitment and a plan. Murray R. The King’s Fund. (published online 1/7/20).

Emerging evidence on health inequalities and COVID-19: June 2020. Marshall L & Abbs I. The Health Foundation. (published online 3/7/20).

Rapid reviews
Public health
Beyond COVID-19: A Whole of Health Look at Impacts During the Pandemic Response. Chi YL et al., Center for Global Development.

Mental health- Healthcare workers
What psychological supports are required to assist health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic? Clark H, Ryan P & Leen B. HSE Library.

Psychological interventions to foster resilience in healthcare professionals. Kunzler AM et al., Cochrane Systematic Review. Doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012527.pub2.

What is effective to support the mental wellbeing of healthcare staff during times of extreme pressure / crisis? (such as that expected to be experienced during the current COVID-19 pandemic). Public Health Wales Observatory.

Emerging Evidence
Public health
Worldwide Effect of COVID-19 on Physical Activity: A Descriptive Study. Tison GH et al., Annals of Internal Medicine.

Mental health - General public
Prevalence and predictors of general psychiatric disorders and loneliness during COVID-19 in the United Kingdom. Li LZ & Wang S, Psychiatry Research, 291.

The mental health emergency. How has the coronavirus pandemic impacted our mental health? Mind, London.

Media Consumption and Mental Health during COVID-19 lockdown: A UK Cross-sectional study across England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Neill R et al., PsyArXiv (pre-print).

The effect of age, gender, income, work, and physical activity on mental health during coronavirus disease (COVID-19) lockdown in Austria. Pieh C et al., Journal of Psychosomatic Research, (in press), 110186.

Social isolation, mental health and use of digital interventions in youth during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationally representative survey. Rauschenberg C et al., PsyArXiv (pre-print).

Healthcare workers
Impact of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) on training and well-being in subspecialty surgery: A national survey of cardiothoracic trainees in the United Kingdom. Caruana EJ et al., J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg

Pre-existing conditions
Adolescent psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. Guessoum SB et al., Psychiatry Research.

Long term conditions
COVID-19 and diabetes: What have we learned so far? Taher et al., Clinical Medicine, 20(4).

Commentaries
Cardiovascular and immunological implications of social distancing in the context of COVID-19. D’Acquisto F & Hamilton A. Cardiovascular Research, 0, 1-3. (published online 8/7/20).

Covid-19 and alcohol: parental drinking influences the next generation. Sigman A. BMJ, 369:m2525.

Impact on non-Covid care

Guidance
Guidance for those under 25 who provide care for someone. Department of Health & Social Care. (published online 3/7/20). 

Guidance on the provision of support for medically and socially vulnerable populations in EU/EEA countries and the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 pandemic. ECDC Technical Report. (published online 3/7/20).

Investing in and building longer-term health emergency preparedness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interim guidance for WHO Member States. WHO. (published online 6/7/20).

Resumption of laser/IPL skin services post COVID-19 lockdown—British Medical Laser Association (BMLA) guidance document. Madan V. Lasers Med Sci, doi: 10.1007/s10103-020-03086-z. (published online 27/6/20).

Rapid reviews
Primary Care
Investigating changing demands on primary care during COVID-19: Summary report 1. Murphy M et al., Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol.

Investigating changing demands on primary care during COVID-19: Summary report 2. Murphy M et al., Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol.

Emerging evidence
Primary Care
Provision of dental services at a single institution in the UK's epicentre during the COVID-19 pandemic. Grossman S et al., British Dental Journal, 228.

Elective care
Outcome of trauma and orthopaedic surgery at a UK District General Hospital during the Covid-19 pandemic. Sobti A et al, Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma, in press. 

Secondary care
The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology. Scherrenberg M et al., Eurorpean Journal of Preventive Cardiology, Doi:  10.1177/2047487320939671.

Optimizing response in surgical systems during and after COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons from China and the UK – Perspective. Liu Z et al., Int J Surgery, 78, 156-159.

Management of hip fractures during the COVID-19 pandemic at a high-volume hip fracture unit in the United Kingdom. Malik-Tabassum K et al., J Orthop, 332-337.

Tertiary care
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiac surgery and transplant services in Ireland’s National Centre. Casey et al., Irish Journal of Medical Science.

The impact of social distancing on pediatric neurosurgical emergency referrals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective observational cohort study. Dyson EW et al., Child’s Nervous System. Doi: 10.1007/s00381-020-04783-4.

Emergency care
Report 29- The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on all-cause attendances to emergency departments in two large London hospitals: an observational study. Vollmer MAC et al., MRC Centre for Global Infections Disease Analysis.

Cancer services
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer deaths due to delays in diagnosis: a national population based modelling study. Maringe C et al., The Lancet Oncology (in press).

Commentaries
Elective care
Managing the IVF laboratory during a pandemic: international perspectives from laboratory managers. Hickman C et al., Reproductive Bio-Medicine Online. (published online 12/5/20).

Secondary care
Providing Safe and Effective Surgical Care During the COVID-19 Outbreak in the UK – Changing Strategies. Chapman R et al., Int J Health Policy and Management, doi: 10.34172/IJHPM.2020.112. (published online 30/6/20).

Effects of COVID-19 lockdown strategies on management of atrial fibrillation. Blomstrom-Lundqvist C. European Society of Cardiology, 0,1-3. Doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa538. (published online 2/7/20).

Tertiary care
COVID‐19 in a UK neurology hospital. Khoo A et al., Internal Medicine Journal. (published online 6/7/20).

Neuro-rehabilitation service during COVID-19 pandemic: Best practices from UK. Sakel M et al., JPMA, 70(5). (published online May 2020).

Cancer services
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the symptomatic diagnosis of cancer: the view from primary care.  Jones D et al., The Lancet Oncology, (published online 21/6/20).

Mental Health Services
Digital approaches for mental health in the age of covid-19. Chang BP et al., BMJ, 369:m2541. (published online 29/6/20).

Patient and public involvement
The I in COVID: The importance of community and patient involvement in COVID-19 research. Ratneswaren A. Clin Med. (published online 7/7/20).

Useful resources
Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Practical Guide to Rapidly Deploying Home Workstations to Guarantee Radiology Services During Quarantine, Social Distancing, and Stay Home Orders. Sammer MBK et al., American Journal of Raoentgenology, 1-4. DOI: 10.2214/AJR.20.23297.

The most recently released issue of the OECD’s statistics news-letter features three perspectives on post- COVID-19 recovery planning, including 1) Three ways a wellbeing lens can aid COVID-19 recovery; 2) Using commercial data sources to project foreign direct investment flows during the pandemic; and, 3) communicating COVID-19: what are non-statutory organisations doing?

This update forms part of a national evidence update service, provided by the Strategy Unit, as part of a collaboration to provide analytical support to the health and care system to help in the fight against COVID-19. For more information, visit: https://www.strategyunitwm.nhs.uk/covid19-and-coronavirus or 
contact our Covid Evidence team on: mlcsu.covidevidence@nhs.net.
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