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CHUMASH
Parshas Ki Savo - Shvi'i with Rashi
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Moshe Rabeinu reminds the Yidden about the good things that Hashem did for them!
After the Yidden heard the 98 curses that Moshe gave, and remembered the 48 curses Hashem gave before, they got scared! So Moshe called all of the Yidden, so he could remind them how much Hashem loves them:
“Remember how Hashem punished the Mitzriyim, and took you out of Mitzrayim! Remember all of the nisim that you saw! You learned to believe in Hashem and to listen to Him.
“But Hashem gave you a heart to know, eyes to see, and ears to hear! What do you need to know and see and hear? All of the Chesed Hashem does for you!
“Hashem took care of you in the Midbar, that your clothes should not get ruined or dirty, your shoes shouldn’t get worn out, and you ate mahn, and drank water from a well that was a Neis!
“And even though the strong kings Sichon and Og came to fight us, we won, and their land will become part of Eretz Yisroel later — for now, Reuven, Gad, and part of Shevet Menasheh will live there!
“So you see how much Hashem loves you!
“So make sure you learn Hashem’s Torah and do what He says, and you will have hatzlacha in EVERYTHING!”
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Today’s kapitelach are Kuf-Daled and Kuf-Hey. We say another three kapitelach for Chodesh Elul: Samach-Alef, Samach-Beis, and Samach-Gimmel.
In today’s first Kapitel, Dovid Hamelech tells us about how amazing the world is, and how Hashem made everything just perfect!
The second posuk says, “Oteh Or KaSalma” — “Hashem puts on light, like clothes.”
When someone is wearing clothes, we can only see the clothes, but we know who is wearing them!
And when we see light, like the sun, we can remember that it’s like Hashem’s clothes! Even though we can’t see Hashem, Hashem is there! That will help us have Yiras Shomayim.
There is also a Ruchnius kind of light: When we learn Torah, it gives light to our Neshama! And this light is ALSO Hashem’s “clothes.” When we think about this, it helps us learn Torah properly — with Yiras Shomayim.
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TANYA
Igeres Hakodesh Siman Yud-Zayin
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This is another letter where the Alter Rebbe gets Chassidim excited to give Tzedakah:
As Yidden, we need to know that we need to do something to get something! Hashem gives us things — but we need to do SOMETHING to get them.
There are two kinds of Chayus that Hashem gives to the world:
1) Memalei Kol Almin — this is the kind of Chayus that makes everything in the world have different kochos.
2) Sovev Kol Almin — this Chayus is the same for everything, but it is a much greater chayus!
(The first chayus, we can almost “see,” because we see how everything in the world is different, and has different jobs!)
To bring the second kind of Chayus, Sovev Kol Almin, into the world, we need to deserve it! How? We give Tzedakah!
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In today’s Hayom Yom, we learn where every Yid gets the koach to have Mesiras Nefesh for Yiddishkeit!
Especially right now, right before Moshiach comes, we all have a Shlichus — to get ourselves and the Yidden around us excited about Yiddishkeit and to get ready for Moshiach.
We all have the koach to have Mesiras Nefesh for our Shlichus. Where do we get this koach?
Avraham Avinu was the first one to have Mesiras Nefesh for HIS Shlichus — teaching everyone in the world that Hashem is one. Because of this, Hashem gave him a present — that all of his children will have Emunah in Hashem and the koach to have Mesiras Nefesh for their Shlichus!
We, the Yidden, are Avraham Avinu’s children, so WE get this special present!
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Today’s mitzvah (Mitzvas Asei #155) is the same mitzvah again, to make Shabbos holy, by saying special things when Shabbos comes in and when Shabbos goes out. We speak about how great and special Shabbos is, and how it is different than the days before and after it.
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Yisro (one of the Aseres Hadibros): זָכוֹר אֶת יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת לְקַדְּשׁוֹ
The posuk means, “Remember Shabbos to keep it holy.”
Torah Shebaal Peh explains what this mitzvah is. The Mechilta, the Midrash of halacha, explains that this means to make a bracha. In Gemara, the Chachomim tell us that to make this bracha over a cup of wine. The Gemara says we should make a bracha when Shabbos ends as well, to separate it from the rest of the days.
That’s why we keep this mitzvah by making Kiddush and Havdalah!
The halachos of how to keep this mitzvah are discussed in the end of Gemara Pesachim, and in many places in Mesechta Brachos and Mesechta Shabbos.
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RAMBAM
Hilchos Shabbos - Eiruvin
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Perek Lamed: In this perek, we learn about how to show kavod to Shabbos, and how to have Oneg Shabbos. One thing we do is that EVERYONE helps for Shabbos! The big tzadikim in the times of the Gemara used to help with the cooking, the cleaning, or the shopping, to show kavod to Shabbos.
We also start learning the halachos of an Eruv.
Perek Alef: This perek talks about a kind of eruv called Eiruvei Chatzeiros. If many families use the same piece of property, like the hallway of a building or a courtyard, the Chachomim made a takana that it should not be called a Reshus Hayochid, and it is asur to carry there on Shabbos. But with an Eruv Chatzeiros, they can make the property into a shared Reshus Hayochid, so that everyone can carry there.
Perek Beis: We learn what kinds of things can ruin this eruv, like if one person doesn’t participate by giving some food to show that they are living together in this space.
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Today we start learning a new Sefer, called Nezikin (damages)!
In Perek Alef we learn some general rules about what happens when an animal breaks something. The amount that the owner has to pay depends on whether he should have known his animal could do something like that (Mu’ad) or it was something it doesn’t ever do (Tam). It also depends how the animal broke it — by fighting, eating, or walking; and where it happened (in public property, or in someone’s private property).
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In the year Tof-Shin-Lamed-Daled (1974), the Rebbe gave a special hora’ah about Selichos:
In Selichos, we ask Hashem for a good and sweet year. That’s a kind of Tefillah. We should make sure that our Selichos doesn’t just have Tefillah — it should have Torah and Tzedakah too!
How do we do that? Before we say Selichos, we should learn a part of Torah. One good maamar is the Alter Rebbe’s maamar “Lecha Hashem Hatzedakah.” (This maamar is printed in the front of many Chabad Selichos books.) If we can’t learn the whole maamar, it is enough to just do the first and last part.
After we learn, we should also give tzedakah before we actually say Selichos. This way, we have Torah (what we learned), Tzedakah (that we gave), and then Tefillah (the Selichos)!
We shouldn’t only do this the first time we say Selichos, on Motzei Shabbos — we should do this EVERY day of Selichos!
Sichos Kodesh 5734, vol. 2, p. 435; Shulchan Menachem vol. 3, p. 80
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In the days before Rosh Hashana, we start to say Selichos, a special tefillah where we ask Hashem to forgive our aveiros and give us a good year.
We say selichos for at least four days before Rosh Hashana. We learn to do this from the halachos about korbanos! Before we bring a korban, starting four days before, we make sure the animal doesn’t have any mum that would keep it from being able to be a korban.
On Rosh Hashana, we make ourselves like a korban before Hashem. From four days before, we search ourselves to make sure we fix any mum we might have. We do this by saying selichos.
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We start to say selichos on the Motzei Shabbos before Rosh Hashana. If Rosh Hashana is on Monday or Tuesday, we start a week earlier, so that we will be able to say selichos at least four times. (The way our calendar is set up, Rosh Hashana can never fall on Sunday, Wednesday, or Friday.)
The first of the days of Selichos has a paragraph which speaks about saying selichos in the special time of Motzei Shabbos, “Bimtzoei Menucha.” But we can’t say selichos right away Motzei Shabbos, because Selichos speaks about our aveiros. We are not supposed to say Tachanun, asking for forgiveness for our aveiros, until after Chatzos. So we farbreng or learn until Chatzos, and say Selichos then.
During the other days of Selichos, we try to say Selichos early, because the morning is an eis ratzon, a special time for Hashem to listen to our tefillos.
See Shevach Hamoadim, Rosh Hashana, siman beis
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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Many of the things we know about Moshiach come from the words of the Neviim! Hashem showed them a little bit of what the world will be like when Moshiach comes, and the Neviim told it to us.
One of the things we know will happen when Moshiach comes is that there will be no more Yetzer Hara! Here are the words of the Navi Zechariah when he told the Yidden about this:
וְהָיָה בַיּוֹם הַהוּא נְאֻם ה׳ צְבָאוֹת אַכְרִית אֶת שְׁמוֹת הָעֲצַבִּים מִן הָאָרֶץ וְלֹא יִזָּכְרוּ עוֹד וְגַם אֶת הַנְּבִיאִים וְאֶת רוּחַ הַטֻּמְאָה אַעֲבִיר מִן הָאָרֶץ
Vehaya Vayom Hahu — This will happen on the day of the Geulah.
Ne’um Hashem Tzevaos — So says Hashem:
Achris Es Shemos Ha’atzabim Min Ha’aretz — I will cut off the names of the Avodah Zarah from the land
Velo Yizachru Od — And they won’t be talked about again.
Vegam Es Haneviim — And also the fake neviim
Ve’es Ruach Hatumah — And the Yetzer Hara
Avir Min Ha’aretz — I will take away from the land.
The Metzudos Dovid (a meforash on the Navi) explains that these things will happen automatically! Since when Moshiach comes the world will be full of the understanding of Hashem, no fake Navi will be able to say anything not true. And the same thing will happen with the Yetzer Hara — when we can see clearly what is true, nobody will ever believe the Yetzer Hara’s tricks!
See Zechariah perek Yud-Gimmel posuk Beis
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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