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CHUMASH
Parshas Vayeishev - Sheini with Rashi
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Yosef’s brothers decided to go take care of the sheep in Shechem. Really they didn’t need to take the sheep so far, but they wanted a place to talk about Yosef where nobody could hear.
Yaakov knew through Ruach Hakodesh that it was important for Yosef to go to his brothers, even though they wanted to hurt him. Hashem wanted this to happen because the Yidden had to go down to Mitzrayim and become slaves before Hashem could give them the Torah and Eretz Yisroel! So he told Yosef to go see how the brothers were doing.
Yosef also knew that his brothers wanted to hurt him, but he had Kibbud Av Va’em anyway, and he went to Shechem.
The malach Gavriel (dressed up like a person) saw Yosef, and asked him what he was looking for. Yosef told him he was looking for his brothers. Gavriel told him, “you’re calling them brothers, but they’re not acting like brothers! They are talking about going to Dosan (which means judging) — they want to find an excuse that you deserve to be killed!” But Yosef still did what his father said and went.
The brothers saw Yosef coming and decided to kill him. Shimon said to Levi, “Look, the dreamer is coming! Let’s kill him and throw him into a hole in the ground and we can say that an animal ate him.” Hashem wasn’t very happy. Hashem said, “You should have talked to your father and not tried to do things yourself! Let’s see what will happen — your plans or Yosef’s dreams!”
Reuven knew that if they killed Yosef it would be his fault, because he’s the oldest. So he saved Yosef by saying that maybe he doesn’t deserve to be killed: Maybe the brothers are wrong, or maybe Yosef did some things that are so good that the not good ones don’t count! Shimon and Levi agreed not to kill him, but didn’t want to just let him go! So Reuven thought of an idea: Throw Yosef into a hole in the ground in the desert, and he will die by himself (chas veshalom!). Reuven secretly planned to go save him when they left.
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Today’s shiur of Tehillim are kapitelach Pey-Ches and Pey-Tes.
In today’s Tehillim, there is a posuk that says “Asher Cherfu Oivecha Hashem, Asher Cherfu Ikvos Meshichecha.” “Your enemies have disgraced You, Hashem; they have disgraced the footsteps of the one You anointed.”
Many years ago, the Rebbe Rashab started the Yeshivah of Tomchei Temimim. In one sicha, the Rebbe Rashab explained what their job was as Temimim. He told them that there are two types of people that the Temimim need to overcome, because they are dangerous for the Yidden:
1) Those that don’t want other people to believe in Hashem or keep Torah and mitzvos. They make fun of them, and say that Yidden don’t need it chas veshalom.
2) Yidden who DO keep Torah and mitzvos, but say that you don’t need to talk about Moshiach or get excited that he is coming.
The Yeshiva bochurim have to show that that’s not true! We DO need to keep Torah and mitzvos, and we all need to be excited that Moshiach is coming!
These two are hinted to in the posuk! “They disgraced Hashem” — the people that say that we don’t need to believe in Hashem or keep His mitzvos, and “they disgraced Ikvos Meshichecha” — they make fun of the fact that they are excited about Moshiach!
The Rebbe told us that this was said to the Temimim, but nowadays it is the job of every Yid!
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TANYA
Kuntres Acharon Siman Tes
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Mazel Tov! Today we are learning the very last piece of Tanya! We can make a siyum on the whole Tanya!
In this letter, the Alter Rebbe tells Chassidim how to be better Chassidim. One of the things we are supposed to do is to start davening together, slowly and clearly, not too fast and not too slow, not too loud and not too quiet. This is something that can really help bring Moshiach!
The Alter Rebbe also asks Chassidim to each take a piece of Gemara to learn, so that together we learn the whole thing! Everyone should choose one mesechta (book of Gemara) to learn, starting from Yud-Tes Kislev.
Another thing the Alter Rebbe says is to say Kapitel Kuf-Yud Tes (the longest kapitel!) every Shabbos.
And one more thing, the Alter Rebbe tells us to make sure we know all of the halachos of Shabbos very well! We should also be careful to only say Shabbosdik and Torah’dik things on Shabbos.
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Today’s Hayom Yom is also a siyum on the entire sefer of Hayom Yom!
The Rebbe brings that we don’t say Tachanun in Mincha today, because it is Erev Yud-Tes Kislev.
Why does a Yid do a mitzvah? There could be many reasons!
In today’s Hayom Yom we what the Tzemach Tzedek writes about a special kind of love for Hashem that will make a Yid want to do mitzvos: A Yid can think about how everything that Hashem created — the Gashmius world and EVEN Gan Eden and Olam Haba (where the neshama can feel Hashem!) is only created from the letters of Hashem’s name, and is not the etzem of Hashem.
When a person thinks about that, he realizes that he doesn’t want anything else that Hashem created, he just wants Hashem Himself! And how does he get Hashem Himself? By doing a mitzvah.
That is a very special reason to want to do mitzvos!
The Alter Rebbe himself served Hashem this way. Many times, when the Alter Rebbe was in dveikus, feeling very excited when thinking about Hashem, he would say, “I want nothing! I don’t want Your Gan Eden, I don’t want Your Olam Haba, I only want You!”
The Rebbe told us many times that even though this is what the Alter Rebbe did, and nobody can say that our Avodas Hashem is just like his, all of us can do it too, at least in some little way.
At the end of the Hayom Yom, the Friediker Rebbe added (in some Hayom Yoms, you can see it in the Friediker Rebbe’s handwriting!):
Gut Yom Tov! Leshana Tova Belimud Hachassidus Uvedarkei Hachassidus Tikoseivu Veseichaseimu! You should be written and sealed for a good year in learning Chassidus and acting the way it teaches!
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Today we learn again the same mitzvah we learned yesterday: We need to take Maaser Rishon, 1/10th of the food that we grow, and give it to the Leviim. We learn about this mitzvah in Mesechta Maasros.
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Perek Zayin: One of the halachos we learn in this perek is that if we decide that certain fruits will be maaser, we aren’t allowed to switch it for different fruits.
Perek Ches: What happens if what was set aside for maaser got mixed up? One halacha is that if a person has 100 barrels of wine, and decided that one of them is maaser but forgot which one, he takes some of the wine from each of the barrels and mixes it together! Then he gives that wine for maaser.
Perek Tes: We learn about demai — food that we’re not sure if maaser was taken or not. If an Am Ha’aretz (someone who doesn’t know halacha) says that he took maaser, the food is demai, which means we aren’t sure that the maaser was actually taken right. There are many halachos of what to do with this demai.
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In Perek Chof-Hey, the Rambam teaches us about selling a house or a courtyard. If there is something that isn’t really a part of the house, like a well, it isn’t included. You need to make it clear that you are buying it, or else it still belongs to the person who sold the house.
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Yud-Tes Kislev is the Rosh Hashana of Chassidus.
We always get ready for Yom Tov on Erev Yom Tov! Here’s what we do for Yud-Tes Kislev: We put on our Shabbos clothes, because it is a real Yom Tov! We don’t say Tachanun in Mincha, and we think of our hachlatos to serve Hashem better this year. We make sure we have farbrengens to go to!
On Rosh Hashana, right after Maariv, we wish each other Leshana Tova Tikoseiv Veseichaseim, that we should be written down for a good year. On Yud-Tes Kislev, we wish each other that Hashem should help that we should have hatzlacha in learning Chassidus and acting like a chossid. And the more we bentch others, the more Hashem will bentch us to have the same!
Over Yom Tov, make sure to wish others “Leshana Tova Belimud Hachassidus Uvedarkei Hachassidus!”
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The Chachomim say that a person who is davening has to have his heart above and his eyes below! (“Hamispalel Tzorich Sheyihiyeh Libo Lemaala Ve’einav Lematah.”)
The Alter Rebbe explains that this means that even when someone feels close and connected to Hashem, he still needs to remember the way he is during the rest of the day.
The Rebbe teaches us that practically this means that a person can’t walk away from davening only feeling inspired and Ruchniyus’dik. We ALSO need to use the time of davening to make general hachlatos for the day about how we should act in our “regular” work, like eating and exercise and playing and working.
Then, later in the day, we can think about what we’re doing, and if we’re acting the way we decided we would during davening.
Sichas Tes-Vov Shevat, 5739
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The bracha that a person says when Hashem saves him from a dangerous situation is called Birchas Hagomel.
This bracha is said during Kriyas HaTorah. There are four times when a person needs to bentch Gomel:
1) If someone was saved from a serious illness
2) Someone who comes out of prison
3) Someone who crossed the ocean
4) Someone who crossed the desert
If a person has to bentch Gomel, there are other things he should do as well!
The Rebbe told someone in a letter (Zos Chanukah 5727) that in the Alter Rebbe’s Shulchan Aruch, it says that right away, even before bentching Gomel, they should say the parsha of the Korban Todah. (As long as it is during the day, since the Korban Todah could only be brought during the daytime.)
Someone who has to bentch Gomel should also give tzedakah to help the community. The Rebbe says that though people haven’t always done this, it is a good idea to start this minhag!
As the Alter Rebbe wrote in a letter when he came out of prison, when Hashem does a chesed to a person, it should make the person feel humble — and he can show that he is humble when he does chesed to others.
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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Nowadays when we do a mitzvah, we need to remember to do it, remember the halachos, overcome our Yetzer Hara, and ignore what the world says about it.
When Moshiach comes, it will be much easier, it will come naturally! Everything in the world will remind us to do the mitzvos right, there will be no Yetzer Hara, and the goyim will help us to serve Hashem!
Migolah L’Geulah p. 223
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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