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CHUMASH
Parshas Tzav - Shishi with Rashi
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In today’s Chumash, we learn about another korban brought during these 7 days of preparation: The ram for the special Miluim korban!
Moshe brought this korban, and put some of the blood on the ears, thumbs, and big toes of the kohanim.
Moshe had the kohanim wave parts of the korban together with the matzos, and then burned them on the Mizbeiach.
Moshe got to keep part of this korban to eat himself, too.
These days of preparing the Mishkan are called the Shivas Yemei Hamiluim. The word “miluim” also means to fill up. Chassidus explains that during these days, the Shechinah came down and filled up everything that was missing in the world before, from the time of the Cheit Eitz Hadaas!
This was a taste of the way Hashem will fill up all of the things we are missing because of the pain and suffering of Golus, when Moshiach comes!
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In today’s Tehillim, in Kapitel Nun-Gimmel (53), it talks about the churban of the Second Beis Hamikdash. At the end of the kapitel, Dovid Hamelech says how he hopes Hashem will save the Yidden: “Mi Yitein MiTzion Yeshuos Yisroel…”
This posuk is actually written TWICE in Tehillim — once in Kapitel Yud-Daled, and once here.
The Medrash says that these two times where it says “Mi Yitein,” hoping that Hashem will bring the Geulah, also matches with two places in Torah where it says the words “Mi Yitein!”
In one place in the Torah, Hashem says how He hopes the Yidden will all have Yiras Shomayim (“Mi Yitein Vehaya Levavam Zeh Lahem LeYirah Osi…”), and in the other place, Moshe Rabbeinu hopes that all of the Yidden will be neviim (“Umi Yiten Kol Am Hashem Neviim”).
The Medrash says that both of these will come true when Moshiach comes — all Yidden will be Neviim, and we will all have the highest level of Yiras Shomayim!
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TANYA
Likutei Amarim Perek Lamed-Tes
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Today we are going to learn about Atzilus, which is a Ruchnius’dike level where nothing can be felt except for Hashem.
Did you help burn the chometz last year? Think about standing in front of the fire, which has big flames burning up all of your chometz. Now imagine taking a little burning match, and throwing it inside. What happens to the fire on your match? Now it is completely a part of the big fire!
Similarly, when a neshama is in Atzilus, it becomes part of the great “fire” of Hashem.
Great tzadikim can feel Hashem in a way that there is nothing else that exists besides for Hashem. Smaller neshamos can feel Hashem by using their minds to think about the greatness of Hashem, even though they don’t feel it the way the great tzadikim do.
That’s why Atzilus is the level where neshamos of great tzadikim are, who live in a way that they don’t feel that anything exists except for Hashem alone. Like the Chachomim say about the Avos, throughout their lives, there was not even one second (even when they were sleeping!) that anything else existed for them, besides for Hashem and what He wants.
For the rest of us, we can’t feel this way all the time. But at special times, even regular neshamos can feel that there is nothing that exists aside for Hashem. One of those times is during Shmoneh Esrei!
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What is “rich” for a Yid? The Rebbe tells us today in Hayom Yom!
For a Yid, being rich is not having a lot of money or a beautiful house.
The best kind of riches, that lasts forever, is being Yidden that keep Torah and mitzvos, and having children and grandchildren who do also!
That makes your parents and Bubbies and Zaidies VERY VERY rich!
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Today we learn the mitzvah of Mikvah one last time (Mitzvas Asei #109). Dipping in a mikvah has the koach to make something that used to be Tomei, Tahor!
This mitzvah comes from a posuk in Parshas Metzora: וְרָחַץ בַּמַּיִם אֶת כָּל בְּשָׂרוֹ
The details are explained in Mesechta Mikvaos and Tvul Yom.
We also learn a new mitzvah from the new Sefer in Rambam! This mitzvah (Mitzvas Asei #237) is that if one of our animals hurts or breaks things, we need to pay for what it broke.
This mitzvah comes from a posuk in Parshas Mishpatim: וְכִי יִגַּח שׁוֹר וְגוֹ׳
The first six perakim of Mesechta Bava Kama explain the halachos of this mitzvah.
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RAMBAM
Hilchos Mikvaos - Hilchos Nizkei Mamon
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In today’s Rambam, we finish learning the tenth Sefer of the Rambam, which is about Tahara, and start learning a new Sefer, called Nezikin (damages)!
Perek Yud-Alef is the halachos about making hands Tahor, by dipping them in a Mikvah or washing them, which is the mitzvah of Netilas Yodayim!
The Rambam finishes off this Sefer with a lesson in Avodas Hashem: He reminds us that a person can also make his neshama Tahor, by going in a “mikvah” of the neshama! What’s a “mikvah” for a neshama? Learning Torah and deciding to do Teshuvah.
In Perek Alef of Hilchos Nizkei Mamon, we learn some general rules about what happens when an animal breaks something. The amount that the owner has to pay depends on whether he should have known his animal could do something like that (Mu’ad) or it was something it doesn’t ever do (Tam). It also depends how the animal broke it — by fighting, eating, or walking; and where it happened (in public property, or in someone’s private property).
Perek Beis explains more about the halacha that things that break while the animal is walking in public aren’t the owner’s responsibility, and he doesn’t have to pay. We also learn about times when it’s partly the owner’s fault, and he has to pay half.
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If someone is living on property for at least three years with nobody else protesting, we assume that it belongs to him, even if he doesn’t have any papers to prove it. This is called a chazaka.
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One of the minhagim of a birthday, as the Rebbe teaches us, is to learn our new kapitel. It is a minhag of Chassidim to learn the Rebbe’s kapitel in honor of the Rebbe’s birthday on Yud-Alef Nissan!
The Rebbe’s kapitel this year is Kapitel Kuf-Yud-Tes. In this kapitel, Dovid Hamelech asks Hashem on behalf of all the Yidden that we should be able to understand the Torah and follow the path of Yiddishkeit, and be connected to Hashem.
One of the pesukim, which is also explained in many places in Chassidus, speaks about how Dovid Hamelech praised the Torah. Dovid Hamelech said that the Torah was his comfort in his time of suffering! Even though this is not the TRUE greatness of Torah, which is Hashem’s treasure, Dovid Hamelech saw this maalah in Torah too. When he was being chased by his enemies, and had to hide for a long time all alone, afraid for his life, learning Torah brought him comfort.
Dovid Hamelech said about that time, “Zemiros Hayu Li Chukecha Beveis Megurai.” Hashem, Your Torah was like songs to me (brought me comfort) in the place where I was afraid.”
Chassidus explains that Dovid Hamelech wasn’t just saying that learning Torah made him feel good. He was saying that because of what Torah is, it is able to bring a person comfort in a scary time!
The Torah is the source of everything that happens in the world. By connecting to the Torah, the source of even those scary things happening to him, he was able to feel higher than them in a certain way, and didn’t need to feel afraid!
See Tehillim Ohel Yosef Yitzchok Hashalem (Kehos), Kapitel Kuf-Yud-Tes and footnotes to maamarim cited in hosafos in the back
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In Biur Tefillah, we are learning about the Haggadah. In this shiur and the next, we will IY”H go through the general structure of the part of the Haggadah where we tell over the story of Yetziyas Mitzrayim, which is Maggid. We say much of this on this Shabbos after Mincha, which is when the nisim started!
On the night of Pesach, it is a mitzvah to tell over the story of Yetziyas Mitzrayim.
Even though the exact nusach of the Haggadah comes from the time of the Geonim, the main setup of the seder and what we tell over on the night of Pesach is written in the Mishnah and Gemara.
The Mishnah says that after Mah Nishtana, the father should explain Yetziyas Mitzrayim to his son, based on what his son is able to understand.
He should tell the story in a way of “Maschil Begnus Umesayem Beshvach,” starting with the shameful part and finishing with praise. (There is more than one opinion what this is talking about. One opinion says it means starting with the fact that Yidden were slaves to Paraoh, and ending off that Hashem took us out with great nisim! Another opinion says we start the story even before that, with Avraham Avinu, who came from a family who served Avodah Zarah, and that Hashem kept His promise to Avraham and took the Yidden out of Mitzrayim with great wealth! The halacha is like the first opinion so we start with the Yidden being slaves in Mitzrayim; but afterwards we also tell the story from the beginning, about Avraham Avinu, like the second opinion!)
Then, the Mishnah tells us that we explain a certain paragraph from the Torah, posuk by posuk. This paragraph starts with the words “Arami Oved Avi.” When a person brought Bikurim to the Beis Hamikdash, he would praise Hashem that he had a chelek of Eretz Yisroel and could bring Hashem these fruits! In this paragraph, he would thank Hashem for taking us out of Mitzrayim, so we could later come to Eretz Yisroel.
During our seder, we explain each posuk of this paragraph according to a Medrash, the Sifri.
This is the main part of the Haggadah, which we also say on Shabbos Hagadol, and IY”H we will see the rest of Maggid in the next shiur
See footnotes in the Rebbe’s Haggadah, Maggid
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Don’t forget to say the Nasi! Today is the ninth Nasi, for Shevet Binyamin.
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On the first night of Pesach, we set the table before Maariv, using our beautiful Pesach dishes. We want to be ready right away, so the kids won’t fall asleep!
But we don’t set up the kaarah yet according to Minhag Chabad, we only set it up at the beginning of the seder.
See the Alter Rebbe’s Shulchan Aruch, siman Tof-Ayin-Beis se’if alef and Shevach Hamoadim, Dinei Seder Pesach
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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Hashem says that at the time of the Geulah, He will show us nisim like in the days of coming out of Mitzrayim — “Kimei Tzeischa Me’Eretz Mitzrayim Arenu Niflaos”!
The posuk says, “KIMEI Tzeischa Me’Eretz Mitzrayim” — “Like the DAYS you came out of Mitzrayim.” But Yetziyas Mitzrayim was only ONE day! Why does the posuk say “DAYS”?
Yetziyas Mitzrayim is not only the first day we came out of Mitzrayim. Yidden remember Yetziyas Mitzrayim every day, and we have a Yetziyas Mitzrayim in Ruchnius every day!
The posuk is telling us that the Yetziyas Mitzrayim of ALL of these days, from when we went out of Mitzrayim, and all the days throughout the Golus when Yidden go out of Mitzrayim in Ruchnius, is what will bring the nissim of the Geulah!
See Maamar Kimei Tzeischa 5742
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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