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CHUMASH
Parshas Shelach - Shvi'i with Rashi
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We learn about bringing a korban if we do an aveira by mistake, and how it is different if the aveira was Avodah Zarah. We learn what happened to a Yid in the Midbar who gathered wood on Shabbos. We also learn about the mitzvah of tzitzis!
Usually, if a Yid makes a mistake and does an aveira, he needs to bring a goat OR a lamb as a Korban Chatas. But if a Yid does an aveira with AVODAH ZARAH by mistake, he doesn’t have a choice — he needs to bring a goat.
But if a Yid does Avodah Zarah on PURPOSE chas veshalom, Hashem punishes him with Kareis, that his neshama can’t get chayus straight from Hashem anymore.
Now we learn about something that happened a year before the story of the Meraglim, about how important it is to keep Shabbos. The Torah wants us to know that breaking Shabbos is like serving Avodah Zarah — and someone who keeps Shabbos is like keeping the whole Torah! That’s why we learn about keeping Shabbos here, right after learning about Avodah Zarah.
On the second Shabbos the Yidden were keeping, they saw one Jew gathering wood on Shabbos! They warned him to stop, but he didn’t listen! The Yidden brought him to Moshe and Aharon, because they didn’t know yet how to punish him.
Hashem told Moshe that he needs to be punished with Sekilah, stoning, and that’s what they did.
We also learn another very important mitzvah, one we read about every day in Shema! In the paragraph Vayomer, we talk all about...
Tzitzis! This mitzvah is ALSO like keeping the whole Torah! By wearing tzitzis, we remember to do Hashem’s mitzvos.
This mitzvah also reminds us of Yetziyas Mitzrayim! One reason is because tzitzis are on clothes with FOUR corners, like the FOUR words Hashem said about the Geulah from Mitzrayim!
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Today’s Tehillim is the second half of the longest kapitel in the whole Tehillim, Kapitel Kuf-Yud-Tes!
In today’s Tehillim there is a very special posuk that teaches us how we can keep Shabbos ALL WEEK LONG! “Nochalti Eidvosecha LeOlam Ki Seson Libi Heima” — “I have Your mitzvos forever, because they are the joy of my heart!”
How can we have a mitzvah FOREVER? Many mitzvos have only a certain times, like Shabbos and Yom Tov which are for specific days.
The answer is that even though we can’t keep Shabbos in the middle of the week, we can still “have the mitzvah” all the time! If a mitzvah is the “joy of your heart” because we love Shabbos and think about it all the time (like we say in davening, “Hayom Yom Shlishi BeShabbos”), then we are keeping the mitzvah of Shabbos all week long!
This is true with ALL mitzvos — even the mitzvos that we only do when we have a Beis Hamikdash. If we think about the Geulah and the time when we’ll have a Beis Hamikdash and learn their halachos now, then we have these mitzvos with us in our hearts all the time!
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TANYA
Shaar Hayichud Veha'emunah Perek Zayin
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We start learning about the two ways Hashem gives chayus to the world. Today we learn about Sovev Kol Almin, that Hashem knows about the whole world and makes it exist. This will help us understand how Hashem can be EVERYWHERE, so we won’t make a mistake and think that tzimtzum means Hashem goes away from the world.
Today we start to learn about the two ways Hashem gives chayus to the world. Knowing about these two kinds of chayus will help us understand how creating the world doesn’t change Hashem at all!
The first kind of chayus is called Sovev Kol Almin. This chayus comes from Hashem KNOWING the world, and it is what makes all of the Ruchnius and Gashmius worlds exist!
Hashem “knowing” about the world isn’t the same as a person knowing about something.
When we think about a table, is the table inside of our head? No, of course not! We can think about the table and picture what it looks like, but the real table is somewhere else.
That’s not the way it works with Hashem! When Hashem knows something, it means that it is actually a PART of Hashem. It isn’t something separate!
This is the first way Hashem gives chayus to the world, knowing about it and making it exist.
Over the next few days, we will IY”H learn about the second kind of chayus, Memalei Kol Almin.
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Hashem let Korach’s sons live to give them a chance to do teshuvah! No matter how hard it is, as long as we are alive, we are able to do teshuvah.
In Parshas Korach, we learn about how Korach and his sons made a fight against Moshe. Hashem punished them, and they all fell down into a pit in the ground. Korach himself died, but in Parshas Pinchas we learn that Korach’s sons stayed alive.
You might think that was very bad — it’s scary to be stuck in the ground! But it was really a big bracha from Hashem: Because they were still alive, they had a chance to do teshuvah.
Sometimes because of things we did, we end up in an uncomfortable place. But this is a bracha from Hashem — it brings us to do teshuvah, which is something we can only do in this world, while we are alive!
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In today’s Sefer Hamitzvos, we learn ANOTHER mitzvah (Mitzvas Lo Saasei #237) about ribbis: It’s not only asur to LEND, or to BORROW with Ribbis, you can’t do ANYTHING to help a loan with ribbis! You can’t:
1) guarantee the loan (say that you’ll pay it back if the other person doesn’t)
2) be an eid for the loan (be a witness — watch them making the loan so it will be a real loan)
3) write down the loan (record it to show that it really happened).
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In Perek Chof-Beis of today’s Rambam, we learn about how the Beis Din collects money from someone who didn’t pay on time. We sometimes give the person more time to pay, but if he still doesn’t, the Beis Din writes an “adrachta.” With an adrachta, the person who lent the money is allowed to take away property from the person who borrowed the money, in order to pay back the loan.
Perek Chof-Gimmel has halachos about when we say that a shtar doesn’t count. If it is ripped or smudged, it is fine as long as we can still read it. We learn that the Beis Din tears a shtar in a certain way — ripping it into 4 pieces. If a shtar is ripped that way, the shtar doesn’t mean anything anymore!
In Perek Chof-Daled, we learn about the names on the shtar. It has to be clear who the people written on the shtar are, or else the Beis Din can’t take away the money from them.
So what happens if there are a few people with the same name in one city? How can they write a shtar that shows that they borrowed or lent money? How would we know which one the shtar is talking about?
The halacha is that they need to write their grandparents’ names, so we can tell them apart. And if their grandparents’ names are the same too, then they need to say their GREAT-grandparents’ names on the shtar!
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A person who became tomei with a body kind of tumah STAYS tomei, and keeps making things tomei, until he goes to the mikvah. Usually a person has to wait a certain amount of days until he is allowed to go to the mikvah, and we learn what happens if he goes early.
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The Gemara explains that after the Beis Hamikdash was destroyed, the Shechinah can be found in the shuls, but is found in the strongest way in the shul of the Nasi Hador.
After the Beis Hamikdash was destroyed, the Shechinah couldn’t rest there anymore as it did before.
Part of the Shechinah now rests in every single shul in the entire world. But, the Gemara says, the strongest part of the Shechinah goes to the shuls of the leaders of the Yidden!
For example, the Gemara talks about how after the Churban, the Shechinah moved to Bavel, where the greatest tzadikim were.
When Moshiach comes, the Shechinah will return to the Beis Hamikdash from these special shuls!
In our time, the strongest part of the Shechinah rests in the shul of the Nasi Hador, in 770, the Rebbe’s shul.
Very soon, when Moshiach will come, the Shechinah will come from there to the Beis Hamikdash! And when every shul goes to Yerushalayim to be connected to the Beis Hamikdash, the special shuls of all time, and of course 770, will be the closest.
From here we can see how special it is to daven in 770!
See Kuntres Beis Rabbeinu Shebebavel 5752 (Hebrew or English)
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Today we bentch the coming month, Chodesh Tammuz.
The minhag is that in Birchas Hachodesh, we say what month is coming up, and what day Rosh Chodesh will be.
It used to be that the Sanhedrin would decide which days Rosh Chodesh would be based on the new moon. Nowadays, though, we don’t have a Sanhedrin. A great-grandson of Hillel Hazaken, also named Hillel, set up a calendar that we use to know when Rosh Chodesh will be.
Still, even though we already know, it is important to say when Rosh Chodesh will be and bentch the Chodesh! Why?
The Zohar tells us a story of a Tanna named R’ Hamnuna Sava. He used to wash his hands and come sit down at the table to eat. The table was set, his food was on his plate, and he would daven to Hashem to give him food!
Why was he davening when the food was right in front of him?
The Rebbe explains that he was asking Hashem that the food should bring only good things! It should make him healthy and give him koach to serve Hashem, and all of the special things in Ruchnius that happen when we eat properly.
That’s also why we bentch the Chodesh.
Even though the month is ready before us and we even know exactly when it is, we are asking Hashem to give us a GOOD month! The month should bring only good things for us and for all the Yidden, and we should be able to use every chance we have to do good things!
This is the inyan of Shabbos Mevorchim, and also the Cheshbon Hanefesh on Erev Rosh Chodesh. We use the kochos of the month before and ask Hashem to bentch the coming month, that we should use it right!
See beginning of farbrengen Shabbos Mevorchim Tammuz, Parshas Shelach 5739
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Today is Shabbos Mevorchim Hachodesh Tammuz, which is a very special month. It has the Yom Hilula of the Rebbe our Nasi, a day which brings tremendous bracha to all Chassidim and gives us kochos to do the shlichus every chossid has for the coming year.
The avodah of Shabbos Mevorchim brings koach for the coming month. By keeping the minhagim of Shabbos Mevorchim properly, we are making it easier to properly use all of the days in the month.
Here are the minhagim of Shabbos Mevorchim:
- We say the whole Tehillim. The best way is to do this before davening, with a minyan.
- We bentch the Chodesh in davening. Before we bentch the Chodesh, we check when the Molad will be (the Molad is when the new moon can first be seen in Yerushalayim).
We say, “Rosh Chodesh Tammuz, Bayom HaRevi’i Uvayom HaChamishi, Haba Aleinu Letova.”
- We make a farbrengen where we say words of Torah and inspiration to learn more Torah, add in Ahavas Yisroel, and act like a Chossid should.
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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The Navi Yeshayahu is speaking to Yerushalayim, and telling Yerushalayim about the Geulah!
שְׂאִי סָבִיב עֵינַיִךְ וּרְאִי כֻּלָּם נִקְבְּצוּ בָאוּ לָךְ בָּנַיִךְ מֵרָחוֹק יָבֹאוּ וּבְנֹתַיִךְ עַל צַד תֵּאָמַנָה
Se’i Soviv Einayich U’re’i — Yerushalayim, lift up your eyes and see what is happening!
Kulam Nikbetzu Va’u Lach — See how the Yidden have gathered together from all over the world in the time of the Geulah, and they have come to you!
Banayich Meirachok Yavo’u — Your sons, the Yidden, will come back, even from far away.
Uvnosayich Al Tzad Teiamana — And your young daughters will have kings to help with babysitting!
See Yeshayahu 60:4, with Rashi, Metzudas Dovid and Metzudas Tzion
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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