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CHUMASH
Parshas Pinchas - Chamishi with Rashi
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Hashem tells Moshe Rabbeinu to remind the Yidden to do what Hashem wants, even after Moshe passes away. They shouldn’t forget to bring the korbanos that Hashem asked them to bring.
Hashem tells Moshe Rabbeinu to remind the Yidden to always bring the Korban Tamid two times every day, just like Hashem said. (These pesukim are a part of davening, the paragraph that starts “Vayedaber” that we say in korbanos before Shacharis and Mincha! After the Churban, Shacharis and Mincha take the place of these korbanos, so we say this paragraph before davening.)
Hashem also tells Moshe to remind the Yidden about the special korban of Shabbos. (We say these pesukim in Musaf on Shabbos, since our davening then takes the place of this korban.) He reminds them about the korban for Rosh Chodesh, too. (Since we can’t bring the actual korban, we say THESE pesukim in Musaf of Rosh Chodesh, which is in place of bringing the Rosh Chodesh korban. These pesukim are also part of the Kriyas HaTorah for Rosh Chodesh.)
The Torah tells us the details of the animals that are brought for each of these korbanos, and the Mincha (flour and oil) and Nesech (wine) brought together with each of them:
TAMID: (2 times every day) 1 lamb for an Olah
SHABBOS: 2 lambs for an Olah
ROSH CHODESH: 2 bulls, 1 ram, and 7 lambs for an Olah AND a goat for a Chatas (in case any Yidden did an aveira by coming into the Beis Hamikdash or bringing a Korban while they were tomei without realizing it)
Each animal brought for a Korban Olah also needs a Mincha (fine flour and oil) and a Nesech (wine).
For each lamb (Keves) : 1/10 eifah of flour mixed with 1/4 hin of oil, and 1/4 hin of wine
For each ram (Ayil): 2/10 eifah of flour mixed with 1/3 hin of oil, and 1/3 hin of wine
For each bull (Par): 3/10 eifah of flour mixed with 1/2 hin of oil, and 1/2 hin of wine
This shiur in Chumash, about the Korban Tomid, is very special to learn now! Do you know why? Because during the Three Weeks we are supposed to learn about the Beis Hamikdash and the Avodah in the Beis Hamikdash. The Korban Tomid was part of the Avodah every day!
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Today’s shiur Tehillim is kapitelach Kuf-Daled and Kuf-Hey.
In kapitel Kuf-Daled (104), there is a posuk “Moh Rabu Maasecha Hashem!” How great are the works of Hashem!
There are many maamorim in Chassidus that explain this posuk. There is a maamar from the Rebbe Rashab that starts with this posuk and explains it — and there is a story behind it!
Once the Rebbe Rashab was learning with the Poltaver Rav, R’ Yaakov Mordechai Bezpalov. The Frierdiker Rebbe was 3 or 4 years old, and his bed was in the room where they were learning.
R’ Yaakov Mordechai looked over at the sleeping boy, and said that his shining face showed the kedusha that he had!
When the Rebbe Rashab heard that, he felt that he wanted to kiss his son. But he stopped himself, and instead wrote a maamar called Moh Rabu Maasecha Hashem. When the Frierdiker Rebbe got older, the Rebbe Rashab gave him the maamar, and told him, “this is a Chassidisher kush!” Years later, he told him the story.
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TANYA
Igeres Hateshuvah Perek Zayin
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The Alter Rebbe explained to us what happens B’Ruchnius when a Yid does an aveira, how he is taking the chayus of Hashem which is in the neshama, and taking it to receive chayus from Kelipah, the opposite of Kedusha. Why do we need to know this? Because to make our teshuvah true and lasting, we need to realize how serious an aveira really is.
There are two things we need to think about to make sure our Teshuvah will last. One is to have Rachmanus on the neshama — to think about how hard it is for the neshama, which is a part of Hashem, to come into the world and need to get chayus from tumah because of an aveira.
The second is to have a Leiv Nishbar — for the body to feel actually bad for what it did. One way is to fast and make the body feel pain, but that is not really the avodah nowadays. We can instead make a time every night before Tikun Chatzos to think about what we are doing when we do an aveira, as the Alter Rebbe explains in today’s Tanya. That will make us feel terrible for doing an aveira, and not want to do one again.
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There is a part of the Ruchnius’dike Beis Hamikdash in every Yid, the Pintele Yid. This can never be destroyed.
The Rebbe tells us a halacha we need to know during the Three Weeks: We don’t say Shehecheyanu during the whole Three Weeks, even on Shabbos!
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During the Three Weeks, we are remembering the Beis Hamikdash, and that because of our aveiros, we don’t have it now. Of course we know that Moshiach is coming very soon and that the Beis Hamikdash will be rebuilt.
But there is more good news — even in the time that we don’t have the Beis Hamikdash, we still have the Kosel HaMaaravi, and Hashem’s Shechinah is there all the time!
Every Yid also has a “Beis Hamikdash” inside of his neshama, where Hashem rests. If a person doesn’t act the way he should, it could also get destroyed, chas veshalom…
But even then, there is a part of his own “Beis Hamikdash,” like the Kosel Hamaaravi, that can never be destroyed. There is a part of Hashem, the pintele yid, that is ALWAYS inside of a Yid and will never leave.
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Today’s mitzvah (Mitzvas Asei #73) is the same as yesterday’s: If someone does an aveira, they need to do teshuvah, to decide not to do the aveira ever again and feel bad about what they did. They also need to SAY to Hashem what they did and ask Hashem to forgive him. This is called Vidui.
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Naso: וְהִתְוַדּוּ אֶת חַטָּאתָם אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ
The details are explained in the end of Mesechta Yoma.
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Perek Daled: The Rambam tells us about 24 things that make it harder for a person to do teshuvah.
There are some aveiros that are very serious. If a person does them, Hashem won’t help him do teshuvah! For example, if someone makes other people do the wrong thing, Hashem won’t help him do teshuvah.
There are also some aveiros that a person thinks aren’t such a big deal, and they won’t even TRY to do teshuvah for them. For example, a person might look at non-tznius pictures, and thinks that since he isn’t DOING anything, it isn’t a problem. But really, a person needs to do teshuvah for it, because it is the cause for very serious aveiros!
Perek Hey: The Rambam reminds us that we always have a choice to do the right thing, what Hashem wants — or chas veshalom NOT the right thing.
It’s also our choice that if we see we didn’t do what Hashem wants, we can right away do teshuvah and start doing the RIGHT thing again.
In Perek Vov, the Rambam shows us how many pesukim and stories of Torah don’t contradict what we learned, that a person has free choice to act in the right way.
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What happens if someone realizes that his field was by mistake planted with different kinds of seeds? How can he fix it? There are many halachos about what to do!
Every year, the Beis Din reminds everyone to check their fields to make sure there is no Kilayim. On Tes-Vov Adar (like with Erkin), the Beis Din comes around to check everyone’s fields!
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During the Three Weeks, it is a minhag to learn the halachos of the Beis Hamikdash. The Rebbe explains how by learning these halachos, we are doing the mitzvah of “Ve’asu Li Mikdash” as best as we can! This will also hurry up the time when we have the THIRD Beis Hamikdash with the Geulah very soon!
We will learn from the Rambam’s Hilchos Beis Habechirah, where he describes the way the Beis Hamikdash was set up.
When you go up the 15 steps from the Ezras Noshim, you can go through doors (or the big Nikanor gate, when it’s open!) into the Ezras Yisroel. This is where you can stand and watch the kohanim bringing korbanos! (Nobody is allowed to sit down here... except for a king from Shevet Yehudah!)
If you are bringing a korban, you are allowed to come closer to watch the Kohanim shecht it and bring it on the Mizbeiach. Otherwise, you need to stay in the Ezras Yisroel.
You can see where the Ezras Yisroel ends, because that is where the Duchan (platform) is set up for the Leviim to sing and for the kohanim to bentch all the Yidden. But the Mizbeiach is further inside, in a part of the Azara called the Ezras Kohanim.
See Hilchos Beis Habechirah of the Rambam
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The next bracha we say in Birchos Hashachar in the morning is Asher Yatzar. We say it in Birchos Hashachar for two reasons:
1) In the morning, we are like a new creation, a “Beryah Chadasha!” We are starting a new day, a new avodah. We thank Hashem for giving us this amazing guf that we can use to serve Hashem with!
2) The Chachomim teach us to say the bracha of Asher Yatzar after using the bathroom. Since we aren’t allowed to daven if we need to use the bathroom, and a person usually needs to use the bathroom in the morning, we will probably need to say Asher Yatzar at the beginning of Birchos Hashachar anyway.
In the bracha of Asher Yatzar, we speak about the amazing body Hashem gave us, and how incredible it is that it works just right!
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Every time we use the bathroom during the day, we say the bracha of Asher Yatzar.
After coming out of the bathroom, we wash our hands and say this bracha, thanking Hashem that our body is working well.
When we say the bracha of Asher Yatzar — just like with any other bracha — we shouldn’t be doing anything else, not even drying our hands. We should be paying attention to what we are saying, and appreciating that our body is working properly.
It is written in seforim that paying attention to the words that we say in this bracha, to thank Hashem for His kindness that our body is working properly, is a segulah for good health.
See the Alter Rebbe’s Shulchan Aruch, siman Kuf-Pey-Gimmel se’if Yud-Daled
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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While the Yidden were in Golus after the first Beis Hamikdash was destroyed, the Navi Yechezkel got a very special nevuah from Hashem.
In this nevuah, Yechezkel saw the third Beis Hamikdash! A malach showed him the sizes of all of the parts of the Beis Hamikdash, so he would know how to build it!
Hashem also told Yechezkel about the Chanukas Hamizbeiach of the third Beis Hamikdash. The Navi was told that the Chanukas Hamizbeiach would be after the time of Techiyas Hameisim, and Yechezkel himself (who was a kohen) would be in charge of showing the kohanim what to do, together with Aharon Hakohen!
In this posuk, we see that Hashem promises Yechezkel that he will have Techiyas Hameisim and have the special zechus of being in charge of the Chanukas Hamizbeiach:
וְנָתַתָּה אֶל הַכֹּהֲנִים הַלְוִיִּם אֲשֶׁר הֵם מִזֶּרַע צָדוֹק הַקְּרֹבִים אֵלַי נְאֻם ה׳ אֶלֹקִים לְשָׁרְתֵנִי פַּר בֶּן בָּקָר לְחַטָּאת
Venasata — You, Yechezkel, will be the one to give
El Hakohanim Haleviim — to the kohanim from Shevet Levi
Asher Heim Mizera Tzadok — who come from Tzadok, the first Kohen Gadol in the first Beis Hamikdash
Hakrovim Eilai, Ne’um Hashem Elokim, Lesharseini — who Hashem says are close to Me, to serve Me;
Par Ben Bakar Lechatas — you will give them a young bull for a korban Chatas.
During the Three Weeks, we learn about the Beis Hamikdash, so it will be like we are actually building it! One of the things we learn is the pesukim in Yechezkel about the Third Beis Hamikdash. Even though the meforshim say that many things are not explained completely in Yechezkel’s nevuah, by learning it the best way we can, we are doing our part! When Moshiach comes, Yechezkel will be there to teach us exactly how to build it! Then, the Beis Hamikdash from Shomayim will come down into the Beis Hamikdash that the Yidden built, and make it a Beis Hamikdash that will last forever!
See Yechezkel perek Mem-Gimmel posuk Yud-Tes
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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