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CHUMASH
Parshas Matos-Masei - Shvi'i with Rashi
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In today’s Chumash we learn about the Arei Miklat, and the end of the story of the Bnos Tzelofchad. This is the last section of the whole Chumash Bamidbar!
Ir Miklat: We said in Friday’s Chumash that Moshe needs to set aside 6 cities for an Ir Miklat. Now we learn the mitzvah about how they are used.
When the Yidden live in Eretz Yisroel, if someone chas veshalom kills another person by mistake, because he wasn’t careful, he needs to run into an Ir Miklat. If he doesn’t run away to the Ir Miklat, someone from the family of the person he killed could kill him. (That person is called the Go’el HaDam.)
There need to be six of these cities — 3 on each side of the Yarden.
The Ir Miklat only helps a person if he killed by mistake, not on purpose! The Torah explains how the Beis Din decides if someone did it by mistake or not.
Once a person runs to the Ir Miklat, he is safe — the Goel HaDam is not allowed to kill him, unless he leaves the Ir Miklat. The person needs to stay in the Ir Miklat until the Kohen Gadol passes away.
The Beis Din is not allowed to take money instead of the person going to the Ir Miklat. Following this mitzvah will make sure that Hashem will be able to be with the Yidden!
Marrying among Shevatim: One of the families of Menasheh (Tzelofchad’s shevet) came to Moshe and asked, “If Tzelofchad’s daughters marry someone from a different shevet, then that part of Eretz Yisroel won’t be part of Shevet Menashe’s chelek anymore — it will belong to their sons from a different shevet! Is that fair?”
Moshe told them that Tzelofchad’s daughters, and anyone else from this first generation in Eretz Yisroel, are only allowed to marry someone in their own Shevet.
So Machlah, Tirtzah, Choglah, Milkah, and No’a all got married to men from Shevet Menasheh!
These are the mitzvos that Moshe taught the Yidden when they were near the Yarden, opposite from Yericho.
Chazak Chazak Venis’chazek!
Mazel Tov! We have now finished Sefer Bamidbar, the fourth book of the Torah!
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Today we start the Tehillim again from the beginning! Today’s kapitelach are Kapitel Alef until Kapitel Tes.
Many times when Yidden were in trouble, the Rebbe would speak about a posuk from one of today’s kapitelach: “Mipi Olelim Veyonkim Yisadeta Oz Lehahbis Oyeiv Umisnakeim” — “from the mouths of children and babies You get koach to destroy the enemies.” The Torah and mitzvos of children is what gives us koach to destroy all of our enemies.
From this posuk we learn that when even a very small child or a baby says words of Torah, like saying the Yud-Beis Pesukim, it is able to protect Yidden everywhere!
Where do they get this special koach from?
The Rebbe shows us from the Yud-Beis Pesukim themselves!
After the Rebbe taught the 12 Pesukim the first time, the Rebbe spoke about them at a later farbrengen. Then, over the years, the Rebbe would speak about the pesukim again and again! The first time, the Rebbe showed an important message for children that each posuk has on its own. Later, the Rebbe would often show how we can learn important lessons when we look at the pesukim together!
In a farbrengen of Yud-Beis Tammuz, the Rebbe showed how we can see this special koach from the pesukim of Torah Tziva, Bereishis, and Kol Yisroel!
Here is one of the things the Rebbe said about the posuk of Kol Yisroel:
Why does a Yid get the special zechus to control what happens in the world through the Torah and mitzvos that they do?
We see the answer in the posuk of Kol Yisrael: In it, the posuk tells us that every Yid is Neitzer Mata’ai, Maasei Yadai Lehispa’er — that every Yid deserves Olam Haba because we are the work of Hashem’s hands and we make Hashem proud! That is why Hashem gives us this zechus to change what happens.
See farbrengen Yud-Beis Tammuz Tof-Shin-Lamed-Vov
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TANYA
Igeres Hateshuvah Perek Yud-Alef
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A Yid always needs to be besimcha! Even if he did an aveira, he STILL needs to always be besimcha!
If he’s thinking about the aveira he did (Teshuva Tata’ah), he should be happy since he knows that Hashem for sure forgives him!
And of course, when he is learning Torah and doing mitzvos with an extra chayus (Teshuvah Ila’ah), then he is FOR SURE besimcha!
Now the Alter Rebbe tells us one more thing where a Yid might think that he should be sad — but even then, he needs to be besimcha! What is that?
Dovid Hamelech says in Tehillim that we should always remember our aveiros (Vechatasi Negdi Somid). If a person is always remembering his aveiros, won’t he get sad?
The Alter Rebbe says no! Really, it’s just the opposite! That’s a GREAT reason to be besimcha! Why?
Dovid Hamelech isn’t saying that you need to THINK about your aveiros all the time, just that you should remember that they exist.
Instead, any time when someone does something you don’t like, or something happens from Hashem that you don’t like, you can remember your aveiros and say “Zol Zain A Kaparah!” Any time something happens that doesn’t seem so good, you can think about that aveira for a second and say, “Okay Hashem, now You gave me a kapara for the aveira!”
So when Dovid Hamelech says to remember our aveiros, it doesn’t mean to be always thinking about them to make us sad, just that we should always remember that they exist. This will help us accept uncomfortable things in life happily!
We’ll see more about this IY”H tomorrow!
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Today we learn something very special about Moshiach’s humility:
Moshiach will teach Torah to ALL of the Yidden — to the Avos and Moshe Rabbeinu. That shows us how great Moshiach is, that he can even teach such great tzadikim! Still, Moshiach will ALSO teach even very simple Yidden who don’t understand very much.
This shows that Moshiach is so humble! Even though he is very great, he will learn with everyone!
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Today’s mitzvah (Mitzvas Asei #13) is to put on the Tefillin Shel Yad, the hand tefillin. The Torah tells us about this mitzvah in FOUR places!
It is a separate mitzvah from the Tefillin Shel Rosh, so if someone can’t put on the Tefillin Shel Rosh for some reason, he should still put on the Tefillin Shel Yad.
Women don’t do this mitzvah, because the Torah connects the mitzvah of Tefillin with the mitzvah of learning Torah all the time, and women don’t have that achrayus.
One of the places we learn this mitzvah from is from a posuk in Shema, in Parshas Vaeschanan: וּקְשַׁרְתָּם לְאוֹת עַל יָדֶךָ
The details are explained in Mesechta Menachos perek Daled.
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RAMBAM
Hilchos Tefillin U'Mezuzah V'Sefer Torah
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Perek Beis: In today’s Rambam, we learn how the parshios of Tefillin are written. The Rambam says that Tefillin NEVER need to be checked if they were written by a good sofer that we can trust! In fact, Hillel HaZokein wore tefillin that he got from his zaidy, and he never got them checked! (Nowadays, though, we are careful to check our tefillin very often.)
Perek Gimmel: The Rambam explains how the leather boxes are made for the tefillin. (Did you ever wonder how leather becomes such a perfect square?) When the leather is wet, we put it into a special wooden mold that helps make perfectly square tefillin, with holes in the right place to put the four pieces of parchment.
The Rambam tells us that the knot for the Tefillin Shel Rosh looks like a daled, but there is no way to describe it — you need to see it to understand it!
Perek Daled: When a person wears tefillin, he needs to be very careful with what he does and thinks. The tefillin are even more holy than the Tzitz that the Kohen Gadol wears on his head! The tzitz only has Hashem’s name once, and each of the Tefillin has Hashem’s name 21 times!
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In this perek, the Rambam tells us about the five gifts that a person has to give to the poor from the things he grows. They are called Pe’ah, Leket, Peret, Olelos, and Shichecha.
The Chachomim say that a person should leave over 1/60th of his field or orchard as Pe’ah, but if a person was bentched with more than he expected, he should give more. The more you give, the more reward you get!
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The nine days between Rosh Chodesh Av and Tisha B’Av are days connected to mourning for the Beis Hamikdash. It is the beginning of the month that the Beis Hamikdash was destroyed. The Chachomim tell us that “Mishenichnas Av, Memaatin Besimcha” — when Av comes, we do less of the things we usually do to make ourselves happy or for enjoyment.
But the truth is that a Yid has a mitzvah to be besimcha all the time, like the posuk says, “Ivdu Es Hashem Besimcha!”
We always can and should look for ways to have simcha that are allowed according to Shulchan Aruch.
The Rebbe made a takanah that we should make siyumim on a Mesechta of Gemara and be part of siyumim, since that is a way that we ARE allowed to be happy during this time.
The Rebbe said that children should be part of these siyumim, even if they don’t understand the siyum at all! (We see an example for this from Shulchan Aruch, that we bring a bechor to a siyum Erev Pesach, even if he is very little.)
This year, the Nine Days starts on Shabbos. On Shabbos, we don’t keep the minhagim connected to mourning, but we DO keep the minhagim that bring us a special simcha, like making siyumim!
Visit Chabad.org/siyum for a daily siyum by NCFJE!
See Sefer Hasichos Tof-Shin-Nun-Alef p. 719 (children participating in siyumim)
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According to Kabbalah, the brachos that we say in Birchos HaTorah are considered three separate brachos.
1) Al Divrei Sorah — we bless Hashem for the mitzvah of learning Torah!
2) Vehaarev Na — we ask that our Torah learning should be enjoyable, that it should be lasting, that our children and Klal Yisrael also appreciate it, and that we learn for the right reasons!
3) Asher Bachar Banu — we thank Hashem for choosing US to give His special gift to, and that Hashem is Nosein HaTorah, constantly giving it to us!
Some say that the three brachos are because of the three parts of Torah: Mikra (Tanach), Mishna, and Medrash (sources and reasons for the halachos of Torah and the deeper meanings of pesukim).
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When children are very young, we start teaching them to say Modeh Ani as soon as they wake up. And even for children that are too young to talk, it is a minhag that mothers say Modeh Ani FOR them!
See sicha of Parshas Vayeishev, 5749
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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After the times of Shlomo Hamelech, the Yidden were split into two groups — one group followed the Malchei Yehudah, and the other followed the Malchei Yisrael. The Navi Yechezkel told the Yidden a nevuah that when Moshiach comes, the Yidden won’t be split anymore! They will all be one nation, with one king.
Hashem promises:
וְעַבְדִּי דָוִד מֶלֶךְ עֲלֵיהֶם וְרוֹעֶה אֶחָד יִהְיֶה לְכֻלָּם וּבְמִשְׁפָּטַי יֵלֵכוּ וְחֻקֹּתַי יִשְׁמְרוּ וְעָשׂוּ אוֹתָם
Ve’avdi Dovid Melech Aleihem — My servant, Dovid (Melech Hamoshiach, who comes from Dovid) will be a king over them
VeRo’eh Echad Yihiyeh Lechulam — And one “shepherd” will take care of them all. (A leader of the Yidden is like a shepherd, who watches and takes care of each of his sheep.)
U’veMishpatai Yeileichu — The Yidden will follow in the ways of My mishpatim (this is a type of mitzvah that we understand)
Ve’chukosai Yishmoru — And they will hold my Chukim in their hearts (this is a type of mitzvah we don’t understand)
Ve’asu Osam — And they will do all of these mitzvos.
See Yechezkel perek Lamed-Zayin posuk Chof-Daled
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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