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CHUMASH
Parshas Eikev - Shishi with Rashi
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Moshe is still farbrenging with the Yidden, so they will behave in a way that they can STAY in Eretz Yisroel!
Moshe tells the Yidden about how special Eretz Yisroel is! Even though Mitzrayim is very beautiful, Eretz Yisroel is MUCH nicer!
In Mitzrayim, everyone waits for the Nile River to flood to water the fields, but in Eretz Yisroel, Hashem sends rain from Shomayim.
Then Moshe reminds the Yidden that if they listen to Hashem they will get rain and Hashem will take care of them, but if they don’t, Hashem won’t send rain. Everyone will be hungry because nothing will grow, and they will have to leave this very special place, Eretz Yisroel…
So Yidden! Listen to what Hashem says and you can live in Eretz Yisroel forever!
In today’s Chumash we have the second of the three paragraphs of Shema, which starts with the words “Vehaya Im Shamo’a”! If you learn it inside, you will know what it means every time you say it in davening!
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Today’s kapitelach are Kuf-Daled and Kuf-Hey.
In today’s Tehillim, in Kapitel Kuf-Hey, it speaks about the history of the events that led all the way up until when the Yidden went into Eretz Yisroel. It tells how Hashem promised the land to Avraham, how the Yidden had to go down to Mitzrayim because of the hunger, how Hashem took the Yidden out of Mitzrayim, and the nissim that happened until they came to Eretz Yisroel. It is very interesting to see how the whole history is recorded in this one kapitel!
The end of the kapitel is “Vayitein Lohem Artzos Goyim,” “Hashem gave the Yidden the land of the nations,” that Hashem took Eretz Yisroel away from the Goyim and gave it to the Yidden, who Hashem planned for it to belong to from the beginning.
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TANYA
Igeres Hakodesh Siman Zayin
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“Ashreinu Mah Tov Chelkeinu!” This letter of the Alter Rebbe starts off with those words. It teaches us something very important about having chayus in our mitzvos!
There are two parts of Torah, Niglah and Nistar.
Niglah is the part of Torah that teaches us the mitzvos we need to do, which is mainly what our Guf (body) needs to do.
Nistar helps us learn about Hashem who gave us the Torah, and how we need to serve Hashem with our Neshama. First that was called Kabbalah, and only special people learned it. Then parts of it were called Chassidus, which is for EVERYONE to learn!
Besides for teaching Kabbalah to all of the Yidden, Chassidus answered some very hard questions that even people who knew Kabbalah had before!
One question is how Hashem can be so great that everything is like NOTHING next to Hashem, but at the same time, Hashem is EVERYTHING, and everything is Hashem!
The Alter Rebbe was the first to explain how it can be. He explained that it is called “Ohr Ein Sof,” with a mashal of the sun. (The Rebbe Rashab tells us how special this explanation is, and how it makes many confusing things in Kabbalah make sense!)
The Alter Rebbe uses Ohr Ein Sof in many places to explain lots of parts of Torah!
In this letter, the Alter Rebbe will explain how it gives us a chayus to keep the mitzvos!
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Today we learn how EVERY Chossid needs to be a Shliach for Chassidus!
Even when we’re busy with other things, we need to be thinking about how we can help Chassidus and Chassidim. And whenever we meet someone, we should try to inspire them to learn Chassidus or come to a farbrengen.
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Today’s mitzvah (Mitzvas Asei #155) is the same mitzvah again, to make Shabbos holy, by saying special things when Shabbos comes in and when Shabbos goes out. We speak about how great and special Shabbos is, and how it is different than the days before and after it.
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Yisro (one of the Aseres Hadibros): זָכוֹר אֶת יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת לְקַדְּשׁוֹ
The posuk means, “Remember Shabbos to keep it holy.”
Torah Shebaal Peh explains what this mitzvah is. The Mechilta, the Midrash of halacha, explains that this means to make a bracha. In Gemara, the Chachomim tell us that to make this bracha over a cup of wine. The Gemara says we should make a bracha when Shabbos ends as well, to separate it from the rest of the days.
That’s why we keep this mitzvah by making Kiddush and Havdalah!
The halachos of how to keep this mitzvah are discussed in the end of Gemara Pesachim, and in many places in Mesechta Brachos and Mesechta Shabbos.
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RAMBAM
Hilchos Shabbos - Eiruvin
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Perek Lamed: In this perek, we learn about how to show kavod to Shabbos, and how to have Oneg Shabbos. One thing we do is that EVERYONE helps for Shabbos! The big tzadikim in the times of the Gemara used to help with the cooking, the cleaning, or the shopping, to show kavod to Shabbos.
We also start learning the halachos of an Eruv.
Perek Alef: This perek talks about a kind of eruv called Eiruvei Chatzeiros. If many families use the same piece of property, like the hallway of a building or a courtyard, the Chachomim made a takana that it should not be called a Reshus Hayochid, and it is asur to carry there on Shabbos. But with an Eruv Chatzeiros, they can make the property into a shared Reshus Hayochid, so that everyone can carry there.
Perek Beis: We learn what kinds of things can ruin this eruv, like if one person doesn’t participate by giving some food to show that they are living together in this space.
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Terumah is holy, so we can’t just do whatever we want with it. We need to eat it or use it in a kavodike way. For example, we shouldn’t make a food into a drink.
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It is very interesting that of all of the Torah we still have from R’ Levi Yitzchak, the Rebbe’s father, was from the seforim that were written during his Golus!
The Rebbe says that teaches us something very important — one of the ways that makes our Torah, and especially Chassidus, last — is when it comes from Mesiras Nefesh! When we learn Torah, especially when it is very hard for us, that will make sure that it will stay with us forever!
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In Korbanos, we have the paragraph of Ana B’koach, which we say during many tefillos.
This paragraph is very special and very holy! It was written by R’ Nechunya ben Hakana with deep meanings in Kabbalah. Ana B’koach has 42 words. The first letters of each word together spell out one of Hashem’s holy names!
When we finish reading these words, we say Baruch Sheim, blessing the name of Hashem we just read through the words of Ana B’koach.
Ana B’koach always helps us bring our tefillos up to Hashem. When we say it at the beginning of Shacharis, it helps us elevate our entire davening!
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One of the ways we show kavod for a Sefer Torah is by standing up when the Torah is being carried.
When the Sefer Torah is being brought to the Bimah or to the Aron Kodesh, we need to stand up out of kavod, and stay standing until the Torah is resting on the Bimah or inside the Aron Kodesh.
If the Torah is being carried somewhere else, we need to stand up until we can’t see it anymore.
See Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, siman Chof-Ches, se’if Gimmel
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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The last posuk of today’s Chumash is from the paragraph of Vehaya, in Shema:
לְמַעַן יִרְבּוּ יְמֵיכֶם וִימֵי בְנֵיכֶם עַל הָאֲדָמָה אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּע ה׳ לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶם לָתֵת לָהֶם כִּימֵי הַשָּׁמַיִם עַל הָאָרֶץ
Lemaan Yirbu Yemeichem Vimei Veneichem — So you and your children will live for a long time
Al Ha’adamah — on the land (Eretz Yisroel)
Asher Nishba Hashem La’avoseichem Laseis Lahem — which Hashem promised the Avos to give to them
Kimei Hashomayim Al Ha’aretz — as long as the days of the heaven over the earth!
Rashi asks, why does it say that Hashem promised the Avos to give Eretz Yisroel to THEM? Hashem never gave Eretz Yisroel to the Avos, Hashem gave it to the Yidden that are now in the Midbar!
Rashi brings an answer from the Sifri: Hashem DID promise to give Eretz Yisroel to the Avos, and it will happen! When Moshiach comes, Hashem will give the Avos the land He promised them.
This is one of the places in the Torah which teaches us that there will be Techiyas Hameisim!
See Devarim perek Yud-Alef, posuk Chof-Alef, with Rashi
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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