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CHUMASH
Parshas Ki Savo - Shlishi with Rashi
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In today’s Chumash, Moshe Rabbeinu tells the Yidden how they should keep their connection to Hashem new and full of chayus!
Even though you are being given the mitzvos now, you shouldn’t ever get bored of them. You should feel excited, as if Hashem is giving you the mitzvah TODAY for the first time!
Hashem will reward you by giving you more and more chances to do mitzvos. For example, when a Yid will bring bikurim, Hashem will give him a bracha that he should have fruits growing again next year, so he will need to do the mitzvah of bikurim again!
Moshe Rabbeinu also reminds the Yidden to serve Hashem and ONLY Hashem.
Hashem will reward the Yidden by choosing ONLY them to be His special nation!
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Today’s shiur Tehillim is kapitelach Ayin-Tes to Pey-Beis. For Elul, we say kapitelach Mem-Vov, Mem-Zayin, and Mem-Ches.
There is a niggun in each one of these kapitelach! Do you know them all?
In Kapitel Pey, Dovid Hamelech starts asking Hashem that “Roei Yisroel Haazina, Noheg Katzon Yosef.” “The Shepherd of Yidden, listen, the One who takes care of Yosef like sheep.”
In this posuk, Yidden are called with TWO names: Yisroel and Yosef.
We know Yidden are called Bnei Yisroel, because we are all children of Yaakov Avinu, who is also called Yisroel. But why are all Yidden called with the name Yosef, if he was only one of the Shevatim?
The reason is because in the time when there was no food in Eretz Yisroel, Yosef was the one who fed all the Yidden. Since he gave all the Yidden chayus, we are all called in this posuk by his name!
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TANYA
Igeres Hakodesh Siman Yud-Daled
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The Alter Rebbe is telling Chassidim that they need to give tzedaka like they did when Colel Chabad just started and it was new and exciting — but now, they should give even more!
Why?
There is a special Ruchnius’dike Chayus from Hashem that shines into the world every year. At the end of the year, the mitzvos we did all year go up to Hashem, and when we blow the Shofar, a new and stronger chayus comes into the world. First it comes into Eretz Yisroel, and from there, it shines into the whole world!
This chayus is hiding, but if Yidden do teshuvah (especially during Aseres Yemei Teshuvah) and do what Hashem wants, we will be able to feel it and benefit from it!
Since there is a new chayus this year, we need to also give tzedakah with a new chayus! Even though we already heard about this tzedakah before, it should feel new and exciting, and we should want to give a lot.
This tzedakah we are giving will also be the zechus for us to FEEL the new chayus from Hashem that comes into the world in the new year!
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In today’s Hayom Yom, we learn an explanation of the Alter Rebbe on a Gemara, which teaches us how incredible it is to do a favor for another Yid!
When you do a favor for someone else, you probably know that you did a mitzvah of Ahavas Yisroel!
But do you know HOW MANY PEOPLE you helped with that Ahavas Yisroel?
It says in the Gemara that when you save one Yid, it is like you are really saving a whole world!
Based on this, the Alter Rebbe said that when we do something for another person, we should realize that we are really helping him, his children, his grandchildren... all the way until Moshiach comes!
Why?
Because we should look at a neshama the way it is in Adam Kadmon — the part of Hashem before the Neshamos even go into separate people! There, we can see how the neshama is together with every neshama that will come from it. And when we help that one neshama, we are really helping EVERYONE that will come from it. So we aren’t just helping one Yid, we are helping a whole world!
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In today’s Sefer Hamitzvos we learn the same mitzvah as yesterday again (Mitzvas Lo Saasei #355) — that a person is not allowed to act like he is married to a woman without first doing the mitzvah of Kiddushin, getting married according to Torah.
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Ki Seitzei: לֹא תִהְיֶה קְדֵשָׁה מִבְּנוֹת יִשְׂרָאֵל
The details are explained in Mesechta Kesubos and Kiddushin.
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In today’s Rambam, we are learning more about doing Kiddushin with conditions — saying “I’ll get married to you with this thing IF...”
One thing we learn is that if a person says “I’ll get married to you with this gold coin” — and really it’s not gold, but it’s silver, they are NOT married.
Today we also start learning about getting married with Nisuin. There are 7 brachos we say for the Nisuin — six about getting married, and Borei Peri Hagafen over a cup of wine.
We also learn about the Kesubah, the Sheva Brachos, and when we are supposed to get married — like not getting married on Shabbos or Chol Hamoed.
We also have the famous halacha, where the Rambam teaches us that with a thought of teshuvah, a person can become a tzadik in one moment!
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We learn halachos about the food that is bought with the money of Maaser Sheini.
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Moshe Rabbeinu tells the Yidden in this week's Chumash (the Chumash of Shabbos) that they saw all the Nissim that Hashem made for them, from going out of Mitzrayim until now — right before they will go into Eretz Yisroel.
Still, Moshe Rabbeinu says that Hashem didn’t give you a “Leiv Lodaas” — a heart to understand — until today. Until now, they felt things by themselves, but now, HASHEM will give them a special chayus in their neshama that they never felt before! They will need this special chayus so they can go into Eretz Yisroel!
The Alter Rebbe says that the same thing happens every year during the Aseres Yemei Teshuva. Hashem gives a special chayus into the Neshama of every Yid, so we have extra koach to do Teshuvah, come close to Hashem, and get a Ksiva Vachasima Tova — and a year of Geulah for all of the Yidden!
See Likutei Torah parshas Ki Savo, maamar Vayikra Moshe
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TEFILLAH
Shemoneh Esrei on Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur
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The way Shemoneh Esrei is set up is that there are 3 brachos at the beginning praising Hashem, brachos in the middle asking Hashem for our needs, and 3 brachos at the end praising Hashem again.
The Chachomim teach us that these three brachos at the beginning of Shemoneh Esrei are very special. We ONLY praise Hashem and mention the zechus of the Avos. We are careful not to add anything or to ask for anything during this time when we speak about the greatness of Hashem.
But on Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur, we do add something!
On these holiest days of the year, we add FIVE paragraphs in the first brachos of Shemoneh Esrei! In these paragraphs, we are not speaking more about Hashem’s praises. We are asking Hashem for something very important. In each of these five paragraphs, we are asking Hashem to bring the Geulah!
Because this is such a special time, the Chachomim added these paragraphs in the middle of Hashem’s praises. This helps us realize how important it is to ask Hashem to bring Moshiach now!
Sicha of Rosh Hashana, Hisvaaduyos 5744, vol. 1, p. 27
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Starting from 30 days before, we start thinking about the Yomim Tovim coming up! We already started learning about Rosh Hashana, which is coming up in 2 weeks, but it is already less than 30 days to Sukkos! So we will also learning something about Sukkos:
It is a good thing to buy a kosher set of the Daled Minim (Lulav, Esrog, Hadassim and Aravos) for boys over age 6, which is the age of chinuch miderabanan. Every home (or at least every community) should have a set of the Daled Minim that is especially for children. (Of course, boys over Bar Mitzvah should have their own mehudar set).
The reason why we should have a set of Arba Minim for children is because you are supposed to make a bracha over a set that belongs to you. If you don’t have your own, someone else can give it to you as a Matana Al Menas Lehachazir, a present that you will give back afterwards (they should tell you that they are doing this). This way it will belong to you when you make the bracha.
But the halacha is that a child of the age of chinuch is allowed to GET a present, but cannot GIVE a present to an adult. So if you give your Lulav to a child as a Matana Al Menas Lehachazir, you can’t get it back — and then the adults won’t have a Lulav and Esrog to make a bracha on!
So if you only have one set of the Daled Minim, you shuld NOT give it to children as a Matana Al Menas Lehachazir, instead you should just let them borrow it. But then the kids are not doing the mitzvah properly, because they are not making a bracha on a set that belongs to them. That’s why it is best to have a set that is just for the kids, that they can give each other as a Matana Al Menas Lehachazir.
That is probably the reason why children were not allowed to shake the Rebbe’s Lulav and Esrog during the main days of Sukkos. In the later years, on Hoshaana Rabbah, after the adults finished bentching, the children were given the Rebbe’s Lulav and Esrog to make a bracha on.
See Halachos Uminhagei Chabad p. 60
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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In the middle of perek Beis, the Navi Zecharia starts a new nevuah to the Yidden! Much of this nevuah talks about the times of Moshiach.
(This nevuah is the haftorah for Parshas Behaalosecha and Shabbos Chanukah, because in this nevuah, Zechariah saw a menorah! In Parshas Behaalosecha we learn about the Menorah, and Chanukah we light the menorah!)
Hashem tells the Yidden to be happy, because He will again rest in Yerushalayim, together with the Yidden!
רָנִּי וְשִׂמְחִי בַּת צִיּוֹן כִּי הִנְנִי בָא וְשָׁכַנְתִּי בְתוֹכֵךְ נְאֻם ה׳
Rani Vesimchi Bas Tzion — Sing and be happy, daughter of Tzion (Yerushalayim)
Ki Hineni Va — Because, look! I will come
Veshachanti Vesocheich — And I will rest among you.
Ne’um Hashem — So says Hashem.
See Zechariah perek Beis posuk Yud-Daled
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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