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Researchers receive $1.75 million grant to study host variation

Our differences are what make us unique. Different worldviews, different experiences, and even different hair colors can lead to a more diverse and interesting world. But just as our many differences impact our societies, biological differences in how susceptible individuals are to a pathogen can also impact a global process: disease outbreaks.

Researchers at Virginia Tech and three other institutions — the University of Memphis, University of San Diego, and University of Connecticut — are studying this issue and how prior exposure to pathogens can affect the level of variation in a population. 

The four-year study comes as part of a $1.75 million grant funded by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences within a multi-agency program, the Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases (EEID). 

The project will involve Virginia Tech researchers Dana Hawley, Kate Langwig, and Lauren Childs, all affiliated faculty members of the Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-borne Pathogens housed in the Fralin Life Sciences Institute. Hawley and Langwig are also affiliated faculty members of the Global Change Center.  READ MORE>>

Dynamic new graduate course examines pandemic

A new class at the Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine will use a multidisciplinary approach to educate graduate students about the novel coronavirus and the pandemic. This fall, Kylene Kehn-Hall, professor of virology in the Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, is leading the special studies course titled “COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2).”

The class was designed as a part of the Center for Emerging, Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens (CeZAP), an interdisciplinary network of Virginia Tech scholars that trains graduate students through the Interdisciplinary Graduate Education Program in Infectious Disease. The class, however, is open to all Virginia Tech graduate students, regardless of their course of study.

“Over the past year and a half, people who don’t classically study virology have really delved in, taking what they know in other disciplines to help with the pandemic. That’s very important because we can’t look at just the virus; we have to look at it from many different viewpoints,” said Kehn-Hall. “[This class] goes beyond your traditional science course to try to understand the pandemic and the pathogen.”

Kehn-Hall’s goal is that students not only will gain a greater understanding of COVID-19, but also will be better equipped to explain it to others. “As scientists, we have a responsibility to make sure that the public trusts the scientific process,” she said.  READ MORE>>

 Distinguished Speaker Seminar Series in Infectious Disease
Fall 2021 Seminar Schedule
Tuesdays at 12:00pm – 1:00pm
Zoom:
 https://virginiatech.zoom.us/j/89419666443
Recorded seminars are available for viewing on our website HERE

August 31,  2021:
Dr. Kishana Taylor, Rutgers Univ, co-founder and president of the Black Microbiologists Association
"Centering Equity in Infectious Disease Research"

September 7 , 2021:
Dr. Gerry Wright, Distinguished University Professor at McMaster University and the Michael G. DeGroote Chair in Infection and Anti-Infective Research
"Mining biosynthetic pathways for new antibiotics"

September 14, 2021:
Dr. Kim Orth, W.W. Caruth, Jr. Scholar in Biomedical Research and the Earl A. Forsythe Chair in Biomedical Science at The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
"How Vibrio parahaemolyticus invades and escapes from host cells"

September 21 , 2021:
Dr. James Van Etten, Member of the National Academy of Sciences and the William Allington Distinguished Professor of Plant Pathology at the University of Nebraska
"Adventures with Giant Algal Viruses"

September 28,  2021:
Dr. Carrie Harwood, Member of the National Academy of Sciences and the Gerald and Lyn Gristein Professor of Microbiology at the University of Washington
"Bacterial longevity"

October 5,  2021:
Dr. Paul D. Roepe, Co-Director of Georgetown University's Center for Infectious Disease
"Using Chemistry to Understand Antimalarial Drug Resistance"

October 12, 2021:
Dr. Rodrigo Almedia, UC Berkeley Hildebrand-Maumeister Chair in Plant Pathology
"Plant disease epidemics as opportunities to evaluate and gain knowledge"

October 19,  2021:
Dr. Sonia Hernandez, Professor of Wildlife Disease and Wildlife at the University of Georgia
"Why Care about Urban Wildlife Health?"

October 26, 2021:
Dr. Shawn Chen, Professor at the Biodesign Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy at Arizona State University

November 2, 2021:
Dr. Juergen Richt, Regents Distinguished Professor of Diagnostic Medicine Pathobiology at Kansas State University
"Adventures in COVID-19 Research"

November 9, 2021:
Dr. Scott Weaver, John Sealy Distinguished University Chair in Human Infections and Immunity at the University of Texas Medical Branch

December 7, 2021:
Dr. Latania Logan, Chief of the Section of Infectious Diseases in the Department of Pediatrics at the Rush University Hospital

COVID-19 Outreach activities by CeZAP Affiliated Faculty
COVID-19 Publications by CeZAP Affiliated Faculty
Adenovirus transduction to express human ACE2 causes obesity-specific morbidity in mice, impeding studies on the effect of host nutritional status on SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis Rai P, Chuong C, LeRoith T, Smyth J, Panov J, Levi M, Kehn-Hall K, Duggal N, Weger Lucarelli J. Virology
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.08.014
 
A Paradigm Shift to Align Transmission Routes with Mechanisms Marr LC, Tang J. Clin Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab722

 
Recent Publications by CeZAP Affiliated Faculty
Focused Ultrasound Biofilm Ablation: Investigation of Histotripsy for the Treatment of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTIs) Childers C, Edsall C, Gannon J, Whittington A, Muelenaer A, Rao J, Vlaisavljevich E. IEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 
DOI: 10.1109/TUFFC.2021.3077704

Isolation of a novel insect-specific flavivirus with immunomodulatory effects in vertebrate systems Auguste AJ, Langsjoen R, Porier D, Erasmus J, Bergren N, Bolling B, Luo H, Singh A, Guzman H, Popov V, Travassos da Rosa A, Wang T, Kang L, Allen IC, Carrington C, Test R, Weaver S. Virology 
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.07.004

Mapping the Terrain for Pathogen Persistence and Proliferation in Non-potable Reuse Distribution Systems: Interactive Effects of Biofiltration, Disinfection, and Water Age Ghosh S, Zhu N, Milligan E, O'Falkinham J, Pruden A, Edwards M, Environ Sci Technol 
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02121


Infection risk varies within urbanized landscapes: the case of coyotes and heartworm Worsley-Tonks K, Gehrt S, Anchor C, Escobar LE, Craft M. Parasit Vectors 
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04958-1

Modeling the dynamics of Usutu virus infection in birds Heitzman-Breen N, Golden J, Vazquez A, Kuchinsky S, Duggal N, Cuipe S. J Theor Biol DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110896

Bacterial community dynamics on bats and the implications for pathogen resistance Li A, Li Z, Dai W, Parise K, Leng H Jin L, Liu S, Sun K, Hoyt JR, Feng J. Environ Microbiol DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15754

New Cytogenetic Photomap and Molecular Diagnostics for the Cryptic Species of the Malaria Mosquitoes Anopheles messeae and Anopheles daciae from Eurasia Artemov GN, Fedorova VS, Karagodin DA, Brusentsov II, Baricheva EM, Sharakhov IV, Gordeev MI, Sharakhova MV. Insects DOI: 10.3390/insects12090835

A simple method to detect Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato proteins in different sub-cellular compartments by immunofluoresence Brock A, Jutras B. Ticks DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101808
 
Complete Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa CMC-097, Isolated from a Ventilator Associated Pneumonia Patient, Containing a Novel Carbapenem Resistance Class 1 Integron Rao J, Adenikinju A, Kerkering TM, Garner D, Jensen R. Microbiol Resour Announc 
DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00774-21

Development of an Attractive Toxic Sugar Bait for the Control of Aedes j. japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae) Fryzlewicz L, VanWinkle A, Lahondère C. J Med Entomol DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab151

Interferon gamma protective against Sarcocystis neurona encephalitis in susceptible murine model Hay A, Potter A, Lindsay D, LeRoith T, Zhu J, Cashwell S, Witonsky S, Leeth C. Vet Immunol Immunopathol  DOI:10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110319

Characterization of a Nitro-Forming Enzyme Involved in Fosfazinomycin Biosynthesis Valentino H, Sobrado P. Biochemistry DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00512

Stray Mexico origin cattle captured crossing into Southern Texas carry Babesia bovis and other tick-borne pathogens Scoles G, Lohmeyer K, Ueti M, Bonilla D, Lahmers K, Piccione J, Rogovsky A. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 
DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101708


Genetic basis of molecular mechanisms in β-lactam resistant gram-negative bacteria Hussain H, Aqib A, Seleem MN, Shabbir M, Hao H, Iqbal Z, Fakhar E-Alam Kulyar, Zaheer T, Li K. Microb Pathog
DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105040

The Paratuberculosis Paradigm Examined: A Review of Host Genetic Resistance and Innate Immune Fitness in Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis Infection Kravitz A, Pelzer K, Sriranganathan N. Front Vet Sci 
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.721706

Implications of the Coffee-Ring Effect on Virus Infectivity Huang Q, Wang W, Vikesland PJ. Langmuir DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01610

Towards the Characterization and Engineering of Bacteriophages in the Gut Microbiome Hsu B. mSystems 
DOI: 10.1128/mSystems.00735-21

 Recent Research Grants Awarded to CeZAP Affiliated Faculty 

  • NIGMS, NIH 1R01GM144972-01, NIH-NSF-USDA Ecology of Infectious Disease Program  "Ecological and evolutionary causes and consequences of host heterogeneity induced by prior exposure" $1.75 Million  
    • PI Dana Hawley, co-PIs Kate Langwig, Lauren Childs; James Adelmman (Univ of Memphis); Arietta Fleming-Davies (Univ of San Diego);Steven Geary and Edan Tulman (Univ of Conn)
Individual hosts vary in their susceptibility to pathogens, which has important consequences for outbreak dynamics and pathogen evolution. Our work will elucidate relationships between prior exposure of hosts to pathogens, as occurs naturally and via vaccination, and the degree of variability in host susceptibility. The models generated will be broadly useful for understanding and managing any pathogens, including those of humans, where host protection generated by prior exposure is variable, incomplete, or wanes over time.
 
  • NIH 1R21AI166878-01  "Haploid-resolved genome assemblies for the arboviral vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes mascarensis" $432,597  
    • PI Igor Sharakhov, Co-PI Zhijian Tu
The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the major vector of dengue and Zika fever and threatens nearly half of the world’s human population. To facilitate the development of novel genome-based strategies for the control of vector-borne infectious diseases, this project will develop haploid-resolved, chromosome-level genome assemblies for Ae. aegypti and Ae. mascarensis using Oxford Nanopore sequencing and Hi-C scaffolding. In addition, we will identify genomic regions associated with hybrid breakdown in backcrosses between these two species.
Infectious Disease Interdisciplinary Graduate Education Program 

The Infectious Disease Interdisciplinary Graduate Education Program (ID IGEP) offers graduate students the opportunity to get involved in remarkably diverse research approaches and topics, such as SARS-COV-2 vaccines, antiviral therapies, and tick-borne diseases. READ MORE>>
 
The first ID IGP cohort recently completed the first of three research rotations and presented their research projects to the group.

Mychala Snead  
"Creating a Bacillus Transposon Library"

Jason Pough
"Using Spent Grains to Feed Trough and Feeding Shrimp Vibrio parahaemolyticus"

Marcel Shams Eddin
"Characterization of Salmonella genes involved in Chi (X) phage infection"

Poonam Tajanpure
"Focus on the impacts of climate change on hydrology, water resources and public health"

Morgen VanderGiessen
"Developing capsid-importin alpha inhibitors for the treatment of VEEV infection"

Abdullahi Jamiu
"Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and Drug Discovery"

Caitlin Armstrong
"Characterization of spore membrane content and properties in Bacillus subtilis using the Spatio Temporally Regulated Proteolysis (STRP) system"

 

New Museum exhibit showcase Virginia Tech Research

“Microorganisms: The Good, the
 Bad, and the Beautiful”  This exhibit is the result of work by Dana Hawley, professor of biological sciences, exploring how microorganisms affect songbirds. Microscopes, samples, and photomicrographs let museum visitors magnify the tiny and fascinating world of microorganisms. This exhibit was funded by the National Science Foundation.  
READ MORE>>
Virginia Cooperative Extension agents to be trusted messengers for COVID-19 vaccine information

“We’re combining our university expertise with our field expertise to figure out how to best reach these hesitant populations,” said Kathy Hosig, associate professor and director of the Center for Public Health Practice and Research in the Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, and Extension specialist who led the grant application process for Virginia Tech.
READ MORE>>
Veterinary students explore research careers in summer program

The highlight of the Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine’s Summer Veterinary Student Research Program (SVSRP) for many students is its nine weeks under the guidance of faculty mentors as the students conduct research on animal models of diseases. Through this, the SVSRP supports the college’s focus on One Health, the approach to public health that recognizes the interconnected nature of animal, human, and environmental well-being.  
READ MORE>>

To Foster and Promote a Cohesive and Synergistic Environment for Interdisciplinary and Collaborative Research







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Center for Emerging, Zoonotic & Arthropod-borne Pathogens · 1918 Kraft Dr Rm 2036 · Blacksburg, VA 24060-6353 · USA