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CHUMASH
Parshas Tetzaveh - Shishi with Rashi
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Today we learn about the Korban Tomid! This is a Korban that is brought EVERY DAY on the Mizbeiach as a present to Hashem! You can see it in your siddur too (in different words, from Parshas Pinchas) in the paragraph starting Vayedaber.
Even in the week of Chanukas Hamishkan, Moshe should bring the Korban Tomid:
One lamb in the morning (Shacharis time)
with:
- dough made of fine flour mixed with olive oil
(it doesn’t have to be the same kind of oil like for the Menorah)
- a quarter of a hin of wine, poured over the Mizbeiach
AND
One lamb in the afternoon (Mincha time)
with the same dough and wine.
Then, Hashem will be with the Yidden!
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In the end of today’s first Kapitel is the very special niggun Padah Veshalom, which we sing on the Geulah of the Rebbeim. Because we are almost at the time of the Geulah of Purim, it is a very good time to sing this Niggun again!
On this posuk, the Gemara learns that someone who learns Torah, and helps others, and davens with a minyan is like he was “Padah” Hashem and the Yidden, like he took them out of Golus!
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TANYA
Likutei Amarim Perek Chof-Tes
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Sometimes the Yetzer Hara can get very chutzpadik and not let the Yetzer Tov shine.
In yesterday’s Tanya, the Alter Rebbe told us a mashal from the Zohar to help us understand what it is, and what to do about it:
Were you ever at a bonfire? There are many pieces of wood, and they all burn, making a huge fire!
Why are there so many pieces? Why don’t we just light one big tree? If you tried it, you would see very quickly that it won’t light!
Even with a bonfire, if there is a piece of wood that it is too big, it just won’t burn. You first need to chop it into smaller pieces.
We are like a piece of wood. We are trying to light ourselves with the light of the neshama! When the Elokus that the neshama knows about shines in our heart, we feel excited, and we “burn” with the light of the neshama!
But if we get too big and chutzpadik, and the things we know don’t make us excited anymore, we have timtum. We won’t be able to “burn!”
So what do we need to do? Break ourselves into smaller pieces, by thinking about how low the guf is. Then we will be humble and have bittul, and the light of the neshama will be able to come back into our heart.
First of all, we need to realize that the guf is low. Even though we have a neshama, we aren’t like tzadikim who changed the guf into Ruchniyus, so it never wants to do anything against what Hashem wants. Our guf is Gashmiyus, and it likes to do things even if Hashem doesn’t let!
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The Rebbe reminds us of the order of the paragraphs before bentching:
On a day when we say Tachanun we say Al Naharos Bavel, Lamnatzeiach Binginos and Avarcha.
On a day we don’t say Tachanun, we say Shir Hamaalos, Livnei Korach, and Avarcha.
Then we say “Zeh Cheilek” and do Mayim Achronim. After washing our fingers, we say Vayedabeir Eilai.
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Today’s mitzvah (Mitzvas Asei #240) is the mitzvah that if our animal eats from someone else’s field, it is our responsibility. We need to pay for the damage!
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Mishpatim: כִּי יַבְעֶר אִישׁ שָׂדֶה אוֹ כֶרֶם וְגוֹ׳
The halachos are explained in Perek Beis and Perek Vov of Mesechta Bava Kama, and Perek Hey of Mesechta Gitin.
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In today’s Rambam, we learn more about the responsibility a person has for when his animal causes damage.
Perek Gimmel teaches us the halachos about when something is hurt or broken because of an animal eating — today’s mitzvah.
Perek Daled explains the halachos of a person’s responsibility for making sure his animal doesn’t do any damage. Sometimes we say that the person should have been more careful, so it is his responsibility to pay for any damage that the animal did.
For example, if a person didn’t make sure his fence was strong enough, he needs to pay for anything his animal broke if it escaped. But even if his fence was VERY strong, he would still need to pay if he left his animal outside in the hot sun. Since his animal was uncomfortable, he should have known that it would try extra hard to escape!
Perek Hey tells us about 10 conditions Yehoshua made when the Yidden came into Eretz Yisroel. Many of them are about when we are allowed to use other people’s fields without asking.
Another rule that the Chachomim made is that Yidden are only allowed to raise dogs if they keep them tied up with a strong chain. That’s because Eretz Yisroel is special land for GROWING things, and a dog likes to break and ruin things!
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This perek teaches us what can give Tumas Meis.
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In Tanya, we’re learning about what to do if a person can’t seem to get excited about the Chassidus that they know. This problem is called Timtum Halev.
The Alter Rebbe explained that it happens when a person’s Yetzer Hara is getting too proud and chutzpadik. We need to show the Yetzer Hara that it isn’t special, and then it will stop blocking us from feeling excited!
The Rebbe once said a maamar about Timtum Halev, in the first few years after becoming Rebbe. In this maamar, the Rebbe gave us three ways to try to get rid of our timtum:
1) A person should think about how instead of trying to become closer to Hashem, and trying to become a beinoni, all he cares about is his food and drink or how to get the Gashmius things he wants! That’s just like an animal! The only difference is that an animal eats hay, and he eats other food… This will make him feel humble, and have an open heart to get excited again about Chassidus and Avodas Hashem.
2) Learn about deep things in Elokus, like about high levels of Hashem! These things can also break right through into the heart, and let the heart feel excited about all the Torah and Chassidus he knows.
3) Say a lot of words of Torah and Tefillah, because words of Torah have a very strong koach (of Chochma!). They can break right through into the heart, even though the Yetzer Hara is trying to block it.
And if none of these things work, and the person is still not excited about doing his Avodas Hashem, then he probably has a DIFFERENT kind of timtum — Timtum Hamoach. The way to fix Timtum Hamoach is connected to what we’ll be learning in Igeres Hateshuvah, later in Tanya — IY”H we’ll learn more about it there!
See maamar Lefichach, Shemini 5716, based on a maamar of the Alter Rebbe
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Usually in this section we learn about the different parts of davening and why it’s important to have each piece of davening and in this specific order. But the first bracha of Shemoneh Esrei is different than other parts. As we learned, in order to be yotzei davening Shemoneh Esrei, we need to at least know what we are saying in the first bracha of Shemoneh Esrei. This is why we are translating the actual words of the bracha. Yesterday we started explaining the first words, that we bless Hashem who is our Aibershter and the Aibershter of our Avos.
Now we continue with the praise of Hashem:
HaKeil Hagadol, Hagibor, Vehanora — The great, strong, and awesome Aibershter
Keil Elyon — The Aibershter is high and rules over everything
Gomel Chasadim Tovim — Hashem does truly good kindness, more than a person’s kindness
Konei Hakol — The Aibershter creates everything.
All of the words we use to praise and describe Hashem here are based on words of pesukim. The Avudraham, a meforash on the Siddur, points out which pesukim each of these words are based on or come from.
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When we daven, we are not supposed to even hold something except for a siddur, because it will distract us from having kavana.
There are also halachos like this with bentching!
When we bentch, we shouldn’t do any kind of work, even something easy that we don’t need to concentrate for, like clearing off our plates or sweeping off crumbs. Doing that makes it look like we don’t care so much about the bracha. Of course, we shouldn’t do something that we DO need to think about, even something holy, like listening to a shiur or a Dvar Torah! That will definitely keep us from having kavana.
See the Alter Rebbe’s Shulchan Aruch, siman 96, and siman 183 se’if yud-daled
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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In today’s Chumash, we learn about the Korban Tomid, the korban that was brought to Hashem two times every day.
Nowadays, we are not able to bring this special korban. The Medrash tells us that saying Shema in the morning and at night takes the place of bringing the Korban Tomid!
The Medrash brings a mashal:
There was once a man whose son took care of him. Every day, the son would bring his father two meals. After some time, the father saw that the son was poor, and couldn’t afford to bring him food. He called over his son and told him, “I know you can’t continue bringing me the meals like you have been doing until now. But please, come listen to me giving my shiur in shul twice a day. For me, that will be as sweet as the meals you have been bringing.”
The Medrash explains that Hashem tells the Yidden, “I know you have been bringing me the Korban Tomid twice a day. But the Beis Hamikdash will be destroyed, and you won’t be able to bring it anymore. Instead, please say Shema twice a day, and to me it will be worth even more than all of the korbanos.
IY”H, very soon we will have the Beis Hamikdash again! Then we will not only be able to say Shema twice a day, but to bring the Korban Tomid to Hashem as well!
See Torah Sheleima Parshas Tetzaveh, p. 239
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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