IUCN SULi Digest
August and September 2020
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We hope you’re all keeping well. This edition features 138 new journal and news articles – plenty to get stuck in to!
This Digest is an IUCN SULi information service intended to keep you up to date with recent journal articles and news on issues relating to sustainable use and livelihoods.
We will cover journal articles and news from the previous month(s). Please note that the summaries provided are not the official abstracts of the articles.
Our current watch list includes the following journals and news sources: Africa Biodiversity Collaborative Group; Africa Sustainable Conservation News; African Journal of Ecology; Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment; AMBIO; Animal Conservation; Antipode; Biodiversity and Conservation; Biological Conservation; Conservation Frontlines; The Conservation Imperative; Conservation Letters; Conservation Science and Practice; Conservation and Society; The Conversation; Development and Change; Diversity and Distributions; Ecological Economics; Ecology and Society; Environmental History; Forest Cover; Frontline Dispatches; The Geographic Journal; Global Environmental Change; Human Ecology; Human Dimensions of Wildlife; The Independent; Local Environment; Mongabay; National Geographic; Natural Resources Forum; PARKS; PNAS; Regional Environmental Change; Sustainability; Tourist Studies and World Development.
If you would like to sign up to receive the Digest on an ongoing basis, please click here.
Plus, if you haven't already sign up to receive the People not Poaching newsletter for all the latest on communities and illegal wildlife trade.
- Dilys Roe, Chair IUCN SULi
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1. Cherkaoui S, et al (2020) Conservation Amid COVID-19 Pandemic: Ecotourism Collapse Threatens Communities and Wildlife in Morocco. International Conference on Climate Nexus Perspectives: Water, Food and Biodiversity. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202018301003 (Open access)
The COVID-19 pandemic has had huge impacts on multiple industries and sectors, not just ecotourism and wildlife protection in Morocco. Conservationists should take emergency actions in the short-term to help rural communities and grassroots organizations and review ways to achieve conservation and sustainability goals in the post-pandemic era.
2. de Wit W, Freschi A and E Trench (2020) Covid 19: Urgent call to protect people and nature. WWF, Gland. Available here (PDF)
The authors discuss how now is the time for transformative action to protect natural ecosystems, in order to reduce the risk of future pandemics and build towards nature positive, carbon neutral, sustainable and just societies.
3. Lee A and A Houston (2020) Diets, diseases, and discourse: Lessons from covid-19 for trade in wildlife, public health, and food systems reform. Food Ethics. DOI: 10.1007/s41055-020-00075-4 (Open access)
This article is an effort to inject some nuance into contemporary conversations about COVID-19 and its broader implications, particularly when it comes to trade in wildlife, public health, and food systems reform.
4. McNamara J, et al (2020) Covid-19, systemic crisis, and possible implications for the wild meat trade in sub-Saharan Africa. Environmental and Resource Economics. DOI: 10.1007/s10640-020-00474-5 (Open access)
The authors argue that the links between the COVID-19 pandemic, rural livelihoods and wildlife are likely to be more complex, more nuanced, and more far-reaching, than is represented in the literature to date.
5. Rondeau D, Perry B and F Grimard (2020) The consequences of COVID-19 and other disasters for wildlife and biodiversity. Environmental and Resource Economics. DOI: 10.1007/s10640-020-00480-7 (Open access)
The authors review the economic channels by which the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent policy responses may affect wildlife and biodiversity. The most salient feature of the pandemic is its creation of multiple income shocks to rural and coastal households in biodiverse countries, correlated across sectors of activities and spatially.
6. Woh Choo S, et al (2020) Are pangolins scapegoats of the COVID‐19 outbreak‐CoV transmission and pathology evidence? Conservation Letters. DOI: 10.1111/conl.12754 (Open access)
The authors investigate two pangolins seized in Guangdong Province, China. Their data suggests that pangolins are unlikely the natural reservoir or secondary hosts of COVID‐19.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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7. Webcast: Will Covid-19 Tame Wildlife Trade? -> Environmental Investigation Agency’s Aron White in conversation with UN Environment Goodwill Ambassador Nadya Hutagalung.
8. Before we blame forest-dwellers for ‘poaching’ during the pandemic, we must recognise our own hypocrisy -> Forest communities are being seen as the primary drivers of denudation during lockdown, while we continue to ignore the impacts of fast-tracked environmental clearances for dams and mines.
9. ‘It’s taking away our wise men’: COVID-19 hits Peru’s Indigenous people hard -> Indigenous leaders accuse the government of neglect in its handling of the pandemic response, especially with regard to Peru’s Amazonian communities.
10. Did pangolin trafficking cause the coronavirus pandemic? -> The elusive animals’ possible involvement in the origins of COVID-19 gives them a weird ambivalence: threatened and, perhaps, dangerous.
11. Indigenous peoples in the DRC need our support to save the forest -> The COVID-19 pandemic has undermined Indigenous efforts to establish a sustainable model of managing forests in the DRC.
12. Will Covid-19 tame China’s wildlife trade? -> Under global scrutiny over the pandemic’s outbreak, the state is now clamping down on the market in exotic species.
13. Rural communities have felt the brunt of South Africa’s international travel ban -> Every day South Africa keeps its borders closed, albeit partially, the effects are felt by communities dependent on tourism for survival.
14. Communities, conservation, and development in the age of COVID: Time for rethinking approaches -> In this commentary, the authors argue that the Covid-19 pandemic affords an opportunity for conservation to evolve away from underperforming business-as-usual approaches.
15. Covid hunger: Kenyans forced to hunt giraffe for food -> Lockdown in Kenya has left millions unemployed and hungry. Now some are hunting endangered animals to survive.
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16. Bennett D, Knapp C, Knight R and E Glenn (2020) The evolution of the rangeland trusts network as a catalyst for community‐based conservation in the American West. Conservation Science and Practice. DOI: 10.1111/csp2.257 (Open access)
Ranching communities in 10 Western states self‐organised to create conservation organisations affiliated with state livestock associations and supporting conservation efforts compatible with agricultural production. The authors identify these efforts as a type of community‐based conservation based on the collective nature of the efforts and the balance between community needs and conservation.
17. Hovel R, et al (2020) The importance of continuous dialogue in community-based wildlife monitoring: Case studies of dzan and łuk dagaii in the Gwich’in Settlement Area. Artic Science. DOI: 10.1139/as-2019-0012 (Open access)
The authors describe two projects in the Gwich’in Settlement Area (GSA), Canada, and highlight the process in which local management agencies set monitoring and research priorities. They share challenges and lessons from their experiences, and offer insights into operating community-based monitoring projects in the GSA.
18. Johnson J, Hooper E and D Welch (2020) Community Marine Monitoring Toolkit: A tool developed in the Pacific to inform community-based marine resource management. Marine Pollution Bulletin. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111498
The authors develop a novel marine monitoring toolkit in Vanuatu with the participation of community resource monitors to inform local management actions. Observed benefits of the Toolkit include increased local awareness through community-led environmental outreach, and increased ownership of and motivation for local monitoring and management.
19. Miller A, et al (2020) Using a participatory impact assessment framework to evaluate a community‐led mangrove and fisheries conservation approach in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. People and Nature. DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10133 (Open access)
This study presents a participatory impact assessment framework that evaluated the outcomes of a cross‐sector community‐led conservation initiative. Community members reported improved income, health and education, plus the creation of a locally led natural resource management system.
20. Ntuli H, Muchapondwa E and B Okumu (2020) Can local communities afford full control over wildlife conservation? The case of Zimbabwe. Journal of Choice Modelling. DOI: 10.1016/j.jocm.2020.100231
The authors investigate household preferences for various attributes of a wildlife management scheme, in local communities around the Gonarezhou National Park in Zimbabwe. Respondents show great willingness to move from the status quo to a regime that gives them full control over wildlife.
21. Pakiding F, et al (2020) Community engagement: An integral component of a multifaceted conservation approach for the transboundary Western Pacific Leatherback. Frontiers in Marine Science. DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2020.549570 (Open access)
The authors use the leatherback sea turtle nesting population in Papua Barat, Indonesia, to illustrate the opportunity for conservatory offsets to fisheries bycatch across the Pacific. They describe how the engagement of the local communities, through activities that empower and enhance quality of life, has been a critical component to the successful increase in hatchlings.
22. Reed G, Brunet N, Longboat S and D Natcher (2020) Indigenous guardians as an emerging approach to Indigenous environmental governance. Conservation Biology. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13532 (Open access)
The authors seek to characterise the emergence of Indigenous guardians in the literature and explore whether guardian approaches are representative of Indigenous approaches to environmental governance. Their findings indicate that more research is required to understand the implications of current guardian programs for Indigenous self‐determination.
23. Shereni N and J Saarinen (2020) Community perceptions on the benefits and challenges of community-based natural resources management in Zimbabwe. Development Southern Africa. DOI: 10.1080/0376835X.2020.1796599
This study aims to identify and analyse the locally perceived benefits and challenges of CBNRM practices in Hwange National Park, focusing on Communal Area Management Programme for Indigenous Resources (CAMPFIRE). The findings suggest that community members have negative perceptions on CAMPFIRE largely due to their non-involvement in the decision-making and management of the natural resources.
24. Smallhorn-West P, et al (2020) Community management yields positive impacts for coastal fisheries resources and biodiversity conservation. Conservation Letters. DOI: 10.1111/conl.12755 (Open access)
The authors conduct a rigorous impact evaluation of dual management systems on coral reef fishes in Tonga, with communities having both full no‐take areas and areas of exclusive fishing rights. Their findings suggest that dual management is effective at incentivising effective community‐based no‐take areas for biodiversity conservation and resource management.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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25. New policy champions communities in the push to conserve Uganda’s wildlife -> A new community conservation policy is aiming to tackle poaching and reduce the number of human-wildlife conflicts in Uganda.
26. Conserving sacred groves through community participation -> Experts studying sacred groves emphasise on the linkages between local communities and sacred groves and the need for local participation for conservation efforts.
27. How community-based conservation helps lemurs -> Madagascar is undergoing environmental and socioeconomic crises that threaten the future of the island country, but community-based conservation can help.
28. Community conservation model in Western Arunachal Pradesh protects wildlife habitats -> Thembang, one of the Community Conserved Areas in Arunachal Pradesh, has been practicing community-based tourism for over a decade.
29. Making communities central to conservation -> A new approach towards the management of wild areas needs to be considered for India where local communities are made central to conservation.
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30. Akinyemi B and A Mushunje (2020) Community-based ecotourism project in communities adjacent to the Addo Elephant National Park: Will households pay for it? Koedoe. DOI: 10.4102/koedoe.v62i1.1571 (Open access)
This article examines households’ willingness to pay (WTP) for a community-based ecotourism (CBE) project in adjacent communities to the Addo Elephant National Park. The results reveal a strong association between respondents' support for CBE implementation and WTP.
31. Das M and B Chatterjee (2020) Community empowerment and conservation through ecotourism: A case of Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha, India. Tourism Review International. DOI: 10.3727/154427220X15990732245655
The authors examine how far ecotourism in Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary (BKWS) has been successful in empowering the locals socially, culturally and psychologically. The results mostly indicate that ecotourism has not met the principles of local empowerment and that community participation has not been successful in reducing dependence on natural resources in BKWS.
32. Dey T, Ahmed S, Bachar B and M Kamruzzaman (2020) Prospects of community based eco-tourism in Sundarbans: A case study at Munshiganj, Satkhira, Bangladesh. Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment. DOI: 10.18801/ijfee.020120.07 (PDF)
This study examines the prospect of community-based ecotourism (CBET) in the Sundarbans for enhancing local people's participation. The results indicate that well-planned tourism like CBET could provide economic and political incentives for proper management and conservation of Sundarbans.
33. Eshun G and T Tichaawa (2020) Towards sustainable ecotourism development in Ghana: Contributions of the local communities. Tourism. DOI: 10.37741/t.68.3.2 (Open access)
This study focuses on Bobiri Forest Reserve and Butterfly Sanctuary in Ghana, and seeks to identify the challenges that the local communities face in contributing to the sustainability of the Sanctuary, to categorise the benefits that the local communities derive from ecotourism, and to evaluate the local involvement toward the sustainability of the Sanctuary.
34. Foggin J and C Yuan (2020) Promoting conservation and community development through ecotourism: Experiences from valued conservation landscapes on the Tibetan plateau. Plateau Perspectives. Available here (Open access)
This report highlights emerging successes in community-based ecotourism ventures on the Tibetan plateau as well as challenges they have encountered along the way. The author gives special attention to the important role that ecotourism can play to advance the conservation of highly valued ecological areas.
35. Gunter U and M Ceddia (2020) Can Indigenous and community-based ecotourism serve as a catalyst for land sparing in Latin America? Journal of Travel Research. DOI: 10.1177/0047287520949687
The study investigates the role of ecotourism as a potential catalyst for land sparing in Latin America, with a particular focus on Indigenous and community-based ecotourism. The results show that there is only moderate evidence of land sparing associated with ecotourism when it occurs on Indigenous peoples’ and local communities’ land.
36. Lekgau T and T Tichaawa (2020) Leveraging wildlife tourism for employment generation and sustainable livelihoods: The case of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, Southern Africa. Bulletin of Geography. DOI: 10.2478/bog-2020-0026 (Open access)
This study examines the contribution of wildlife tourism and conservation to employment generation and sustainable livelihoods of a community residing adjacent to the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park. The findings reveal wildlife tourism to have positively contributed towards providing diverse employment opportunities for the community.
37. Murungi T, Mbugua J and A Gitonga (2020) Determinants of sustainability of community-based ecotourism development projects in Kenya: A case of Northern Rangeland Trust Conservancy, Meru County. International Academic Journal of Information Sciences and Project Management. Available here (PDF)
The authors determine the factors influencing the sustainability of community-based ecotourism (CBE) projects in Northern Rangeland Trust Conservancy in Meru County. They conclude that community participation has the greatest influence on sustainability of CBE projects, followed by financial viability.
38. Saarinen J, Moswete N, Atlhopheng J and W Hambira (2020) Changing socio-ecologies of Kalahari: Local perceptions towards environmental change and tourism in Kgalagadi, Botswana. Development Southern Africa. DOI: 10.1080/0376835X.2020.1809997
This paper analyses how community members in selected villages in the Kalahari Desert perceive the current and estimated future impacts of climate change, how these impacts may influence their livelihoods in the and what role the tourism industry may play in that process. The authors find minimal local benefits and participation in tourism, which limits its potential to work for sustainable local development in practice.
39. Soares J and R Fonseca Filho (2020) Different views of community-based tourism of marine extractive reserve of Soure, Amazonia (Brazil). Sociedade Brasileira de Ecotourismo. Available here (Open access)
This study addresses different perspectives of Community-Based Tourism (CBT) in the Marine Extractive Reserve of Soure. The results show that the CBT is an important transformation agent of the socio-economic, cultural, and environmental conditions of the reserve.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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No new news articles or blogs at this time.
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40. Agu H, Andrew C and M Gore (2020) Cracking glass ceilings in conservation crime? An expert elicitation of women in wildlife trafficking. One Earth. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3667145 (Open access)
The authors set three objectives for their research filling a major gap in conservation knowledge: (1) explore expert perceptions of primary roles that women may play in wildlife trafficking, (2) explore expert perceptions of secondary roles that women may play in wildlife trafficking, and (3) explore variability in roles for women in wildlife trafficking.
41. Arias M, Hinsley A and E.J. Milner-Gulland (2020) Characteristics of, and uncertainties about, illegal jaguar trade in Belize and Guatemala. Biological Conservation. DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108765
The authors aim to gain a deeper understanding of the status of jaguar trade in Mesoamerica, focusing on Belize and Guatemala. Their results suggest that key drivers include human-wildlife conflict, opportunistic hunting, Chinese demand, drug trafficking, migration, and tourism.
42. BIOSEC (2020) Policy Briefs on Illegal Wildlife Trade. Available here (Open access)
Spanning a variety of species and issue areas, the authors aim to inform and influence key stakeholders and decision-makers engaged in tackling the illegal wildlife trade. The briefs provide crucial information on the drivers and responses to IWT, making recommendations for shaping conservation policies based on the findings of research.
43. Collins C, et al (2020) Using perceptions to examine human responses to blanket bans: The case of the thresher shark landing-ban in Sri Lanka. Marine Policy. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104198
In 2012, a blanket ban on landing thresher sharks was introduced in Sri Lanka. The authors use fisher perceptions, shown to influence support and compliance with conservation policies, to examine human responses. The results highlight the potential severity and inequity in social consequences stemming from blanket bans.
44. Dang Vu H and M Nielsen (2020) Evidence or delusion: A critique of contemporary rhino horn demand reduction strategies. Human Dimensions of Wildlife. DOI: 10.1080/10871209.2020.1818896
Organisations often claim that campaigns to reduce rhino horn demand are based on reliable insights and that there is no scientific support for any medicinal effects of rhino horn. In this opinion piece, the authors evaluate the scientific evidence supporting this claim and discuss how campaigns using a delusive and paternalistic approach may backfire.
45. Kasper K, et al (2020) The extent of the illegal trade with terrestrial vertebrates in markets and households in Khammouane Province, Lao PDR. Nature Conservation. DOI: 10.3897/natureconservation.41.51888 (Open access)
This study investigates illegal trade with terrestrial vertebrates in both markets and households in Khammouane Province. An evaluation of wildlife use from urban to the most accessible rural areas, indicates differences in affordability and trapping behaviour.
46. MacFarlane D, et al (2020) Reducing demand for overexploited wildlife products: Lessons from systematic reviews from outside conservation science. PrePrints. DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/8935b (Open access)
The authors search for systematic reviews of interventions that aim to reduce consumer demand for harmful products, in order to review evidence from beyond conservation science to inform future demand-reduction efforts. Overall, the evidence for the effectiveness of risk warnings and appeals to norms was strongest, with some caveats.
47. Moneron S, Armstrong A and D Newton (2020) The people beyond the poaching. TRAFFIC, Cambridge, UK. Available here (Open access)
The authors interview 73 convicted wildlife offenders incarcerated in 25 of South Africa’s correctional centres to learn at firsthand the motivations that drove them to take such drastic action and risk arrest.
48. Sánchez-Mercado A, et al (2020) Using peoples’ perceptions to improve conservation programs: The Yellow-Shouldered Amazon in Venezuela. Diversity. DOI: 10.3390/d12090342 (Open access)
The authors evaluate the social context influencing illegal harvesting of the threatened yellow-shouldered Amazon and the effectiveness of a longstanding conservation program in the Macanao Peninsula, Venezuela. The results show that approval of the program was high, but it failed to engage communities despite their high conservation awareness and positive attitudes towards the species.
49. Steiner K (2020) Green Eyes: The current role of intelligence in African counter-poaching. African Security Review. DOI: 10.1080/10246029.2020.1781671
This article examines the question of what role intelligence currently plays in counter-poaching within protected areas in Africa, concluding that while intelligence practices have been randomly adopted by various conservation organisations in the past, and are currently being applied with varying degrees of success, they are fast becoming more professionalised and more effective.
50. Thomas-Walters L, et al (2020) Targeted values: The relevance of classical Chinese philosophy for illegal wildlife demand reduction campaigns. People and Nature. DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10127 (Open access)
This paper examines some of the central concepts of classical Chinese philosophy to see how they could be used by practitioners to design effective behaviour change campaigns in the future. Acknowledging that the East Asian cultural sphere has a long history of consumptive wildlife use, reflecting an instrumentalist and anthropocentric approach to wildlife, the authors still find potential for appealing to a relational ethic.
51. Thomas-Walters L, et al (2020) Motivations for the use and consumption of wildlife product. Conservation Biology. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13578 (Open access)
The authors develop a typology of common motivations held by wildlife consumers that can be used to inform conservation interventions, identifying 5 main motivational categories for wildlife use: experiential, social, functional, financial, and spiritual, each containing subcategories.
52. TRAFFIC (2020) Counter wildlife trafficking digest: Southeast Asia and China, 2019. USAID. Available here (Open access)
The study highlights key developments in conservation legislation, outlines some of the innovative social and behaviour change communication research projects and campaigns, and explores illegal wildlife seizures made across Southeast Asia and China in 2019.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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53. Africa’s rhinos face new poaching threat with traditional Chinese medicine touting horn as coronavirus cure -> Despite having no proven medicinal value, rhino horn is used as an ingredient in the ‘ibuprofen of TCM’, peddled on social media as Covid-19 treatment.
54. Porcupines face a poaching crisis — and it’s all because of what’s in their stomachs -> New research indicates a growing online trade in porcupine bezoars, a ball of inedible material that sometimes gathers in their digestive tracks.
55. Burkina Faso’s wildlife reserves have become a battle zone, overrun by militants and poachers -> Park officials in Burkina Faso say extremists have turned wildlife reserves into a battlefield, targeting rangers and exposing endangered animals to poachers.
56. Suriname’s jaguar trade: From poaching to paste -> The rise of jaguar poaching in Suriname provides a lesson in how a wildlife trafficking network can emerge opportunistically when interests collide — in this case natural resource extraction and Chinese investment — alongside a lack of wildlife crime policing.
57. One of the world’s most trafficked animals needs focus outside India’s protected areas -> Pangolins in India are being poached and trafficked outside protected areas. Experts call for addressing the gap in population status, distribution, and ecology of the two pangolin species in India.
58. For Brazil’s most trafficked parrot, the poaching is relentless -> Every year between August and September, poachers in the Brazilian Cerrado steal turquoise-fronted parrot hatchlings from their nests to supply the exotic pet market.
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Medicinal plant harvest and use
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59. Aman M, Dalle G and Z Asfaw (2020) Richness, distribution and conservation status of medicinal plants in Tiyo District, Arsi Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. Journal of Medical Plant Studies. Available here (PDF)
This study documents species diversity and conservation status of medicinal plants in Tiyo District, Arsi, Ethiopia. The results show that species richness of medicinal plants in the study area is low. Major threatening factors included unregulated agricultural expansion for cereal cultivation, deforestation, over utilisation, over grazing and expansion of settlements.
60. Jayeoba A and O Bamigboye (2020) Ethnomedicinal survey of plant species traded for medicinal purposes in Kaduna, Nigeria and their conservation status. Asian Journal of Research in Botany. Available here (Open access)
The authors consult herbal traders in Kaduna area to find out which plant species are used for traditional medicine. As certain plant species are widely used in this area, the authors recommend a national assessment for conservation purposes.
61. Rajasekharan P and S Wani (2020) Distribution, diversity, conservation and utilisation of threatened medicinal plants. In Rajasekharan P and S Wani (eds) Conservation and Utilisation of Threatened Medicinal Plants. Springer, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-39793-7_1
Rich biodiversity of India is under severe threat owing to habitat destruction, degradation, fragmentation, and overexploitation of resources. This chapter discusses how many medicinal plants are also in trouble from over harvesting and destruction of habitat.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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No new news articles or blogs at this time.
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62. Godoy E (2020) Sympathy for Cecil: Gender, trophy hunting, and the western environmental imaginary. Journal of Political Ecology. DOI: 10.2458/v27i1.23526 (Open access)
This article draws from political ecology and ecofeminism to examine sympathy, expressed by record-breaking donations from North Americans, for the death of Cecil the Lion. The overlapping normative critique offered by these two perspectives together demonstrates how sympathy is disclosive of power relations.
63. Ochieng A, Visseren-Hamakers I and R Van Der Duim (2020) Killing nature to save it? The impacts of sport hunting in Uganda. Conservation and Society. DOI: 10.4103/cs.cs_19_41
The authors conduct interviews and review documents to analyse and evaluate the impacts of reintroduction of sport hunting in Uganda. The results show that although the local perceptions of the sport hunting benefits varied, the benefits did initially help to improve local residents' attitudes towards wildlife and poaching temporarily stopped—but resumed later.
64. Ullah I and D-Y Kim (2020) A model of collaborative governance for community-based trophy-hunting programs in developing countries. Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation. DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2020.06.004 (Open access)
This paper adopts the Ansel & Gash (2008) model of collaborative governance to frame the structure of community-based trophy hunting (CBTH) programs as a form of collaborative governance that involves multiple stakeholders in the management of common pool resources.
65. Zhou X, et al (2020) Understanding the public debate about trophy hunting in China as a rural development mechanism. Animal Conservation. DOI: 10.1111/acv.12638
The authors aim to better understand the trade‐offs made by both urban and rural populations across China in relation trophy hunting as a rural development and wildlife management tool. They find that trophy hunting is supported by the majority of rural residents but opposed by most urban residents, although there is heterogeneity within both these groups.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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66. SA community makes history by saving its hunting culture -> South Africa’s Makuya hunting community that occupies the most resource-rich area in the Northwest corner of Kruger National Park has saved its hunting culture after winning a long, inspirational and hard fought court battle against a Limpopo Provincial Government department.
67. Pakistan earns $4.86m through 74 permits for trophy hunting -> According to the data provided by the climate change ministry, the hunting permits are issued annually for various areas.
68. Trophy hunting with Maxi Louis, Lorna Dax & John Mwilima -> Podcast from Into the Wild.
69. Trophy hunting recap with Amy Dickman & Prof Adam Hart -> Podcast from Into the Wild.
70. Trophy hunting is worth R1,98 billion to the South African economy -> Trophy hunting is worth exceedingly more to the South African economy than thought before. A new study has shown it can be as much as R1,98 billion, if not more.
71. Banning trophy hunting can put wildlife at risk: a case study from Botswana -> New research recommends the lifting of the ban on the remaining animals listed under the ban in Botswana. This can help to alleviate challenges experienced by households.
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Rights-based conservation
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72. Baragwanath K and E Bayi (2020) Collective property rights reduce deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. PNAS. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1917874117
The authors draw on common-pool resource theory to argue that Indigenous territories, when granted full property rights, will be effective at curbing deforestation. They find that observations inside territories with full property rights show a significant decrease in deforestation, while the effect does not exist in territories without full property rights.
73. Nugroho H, Skidmore A and Y Hussin (2020) Verifying Indigenous-based claims to forest rights using image interpretation and spatial analysis: A case study in Gunung Lumut Protection Forest, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. GeoJournal. DOI: 10.1007/s10708-020-10260-x (Open access)
This paper assesses traditional knowledge and Indigenous law implementation as substantial evidence for Indigenous rights recognition to a forest area, using a case study in the Gunung Lumut Protection Forest.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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No new news articles or blogs at this time.
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Small scale fisheries management
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74. Etiegni C, Irvine K and M Kooy (2020) Participatory governance in Lake Victoria (Kenya) fisheries: Whose voices are heard? Maritime Studies. DOI: 10.1007/s40152-020-00195-x (Open access)
The authors examine why co-management structures established across Lake Victoria have not resulted in effective participation of fisher folk. They argue that power sharing between the government and fisher folk is key for fisher folk participation in fisheries co-management, capable of addressing both social and ecological challenges.
75. Freitas C, et al (2020) Resource co-management as a step towards gender equity in fisheries. Ecological Economics. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106709
To assess the impact of arapaima co-management on women recognition in fisheries, the authors conduct a comprehensive assessment at 54 fishing communities in a major Amazonian river. They show that arapaima co-management represents an innovative source of female income from fisheries and an unprecedented recognition of women participation in fishing activities.
76. Lowitt K, et al (2020) Empowering small-scale, community-based fisheries through a food systems framework. Marine Policy. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104150
This paper presents four case studies from freshwater and marine fisheries across Canada to demonstrate ways of using food systems as an organising concept to protect small-scale fisheries, build sustainable communities, and influence fisheries governance and policy. The authors emphasise the need for structures and policies that are better adapted to the contexts of small-scale fisheries and that empower community participation in decision-making.
77. Muringai R, Naidoo D and P Mafongoya (2020) The challenges experienced by small-scale fishing communities of Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe. The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa. DOI: 10.4102/td.v16i1.704 (Open access)
This article assesses non-climate change and climate change-induced challenges according to the experiences of the gillnet small-scale fishers of Sanyathi fishing basin of Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe. The results show that fish production is negatively affected by several political, economic and environmental factors.
78. Owusu V and E Andriesse (2020) From open access regime to closed fishing season: Lessons from small-scale coastal fisheries in the Western Region of Ghana. Marine Policy. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104162
This study investigates the perception of the impacts of a newly introduced seasonal closure on the livelihoods and assets of small-scale coastal fisherfolk in Ghana, as well as the broader issue of local perception of conservation. The results reveal that the opinions on the closed season were mostly negative, which can be attributed to the perceived lack of influence in decision-making and the absence of alternative livelihoods.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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79. Fishing for change: Local management of Amazon’s largest fish also empowers women -> A co-management system that has helped these fish recover also provides new opportunities for women in fishing communities.
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Sustainable/community-based forest management
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80. Ekanayake E, et al (2020) Community forestry for livelihood Improvement: Evidence from the intermediate zone, Sri Lanka. Journal of Sustainable Forestry. DOI: 10.1080/10549811.2020.1794906
This study evaluates the effect of the newly implemented community forestry (CF) program on community livelihoods in the intermediate zone of Sri Lanka. The results show that the CF program improved livelihoods, with a significant positive effect on household conditions, and income from livestock and non-timber forest products.
81. Harbi J, et al (2020) Three generations of forest peoples’ empowerment in Indonesia: Process towards sustainable and equitable forest management. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika. DOI: 10.7226/jtfm.26.2.91 (Open access)
This article critically assesses contemporary community-based forest management (CBFM) policy in Indonesia by analysing its history and outcomes through policy analysis. It finds that communities are often able to manage forest areas sustainably through sociocultural systems that combine management customs and culture.
82. Kairu A, Kotut K, Mbeche R and J Kairo (2020) Participatory forestry improves mangrove forest management in Kenya. Forestry. DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-44725/v1 (Open access)
The authors assess impacts of participatory forest management implementation on structure and regeneration of mangroves at Gazi Bay, Kenya. The results support community participation for improved management of mangrove forests and are in conformity with sectoral policies on natural resources management in Kenya.
83. Mugambi J, Kagendo J, Kweyu M and M Mbuvi (2020) Effects of leasehold on community forest association benefits in dryland resources management: A case study of Kibwezi forest in Kenya. Asian Journal of Geographical Research. DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2020/v3i330109 (Open access)
The authors investigate whether community forest association (CFA) receive benefits as they conserve the Kibwezi forest that is also fully leased. They find that there is no special benefit the CFA gets from conservation of the forest, suggesting that communities should receive incentives to participate in forest management.
84. Van Hoang C, Quang Tran T, Thi Nguyen Y and L Thanh Nguyen (2020) Forest resources and household welfare: Empirical evidence from North Central Vietnam. Natural Resources Forum. DOI: 10.1111/1477-8947.12206
This study analyses the causal effect of forest resources on household income and poverty in the North Central region of Vietnam. The results indicate that households with a forest‐based livelihood have a higher level of income and lower poverty rates than those without.
85. Wahyu A, Suharjito D, Darusman D and L Syaufina (2020) The development of community-based forest management in Indonesia and its contribution to community welfare and forest condition. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environment Science. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/528/1/012037 (Open access)
This paper illustrates the contributions of village forest and community forest development in Indonesia to community welfare and forest condition. The findings show that in general village forest and community forest have positive impacts on community welfare through their contribution to community income.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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86. To preserve tropical forests, empower local communities -> In Guatemala, land use concessions mean the local communities manage the forest, using sustainable practices to create jobs through logging, while also controlling fires.
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Sustainable use and traditional knowledge
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87. Congretel M and F Pinton (2020) Local knowledge, know‐how and knowledge mobilised in a globalised world: A new approach of Indigenous local ecological knowledge. People and Nature. DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10142 (Open access)
Drawing upon the example of an ethnodevelopment project based on guarana production by Indigenous Sateré‐Mawé people in the Brazilian Amazon, the authors reflect on how a traditional management system can contribute to both biological and cultural conservation, even when that system is inserted in new global markets and spoken about through a scientific perspective.
88. Kibonde S (2020) Indigenous knowledge and conservation of medicinal plants in Rungwe District, Tanzania. Open Access Library Journal. DOI: 10.4236/oalib.1106545 (Open access)
This paper attempts to focus on Indigenous knowledge used in natural resources; particularly medicinal plants in Rungwe District. Results reveal that respondents possess sound Indigenous knowledge on conservation but that their knowledge varied based on their socio-demographic attributes.
89. McElwee P, et al (2020) Working with Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) in large‐scale ecological assessments: Reviewing the experience of the IPBES Global Assessment. Journal of Applied Ecology. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13705 (Open access)
The Intergovernmental Science‐Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Global Assessment (GA) is the first global scale assessment to systematically engage with Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) and issues of concern to Indigenous peoples and local communities. In this paper, the authors review and reflect on how the GA worked with ILK and lessons learned.
90. Nyakoojo C and P Tugume (2020) Traditional use of wild edible plants in the communities adjacent Mabira Central Forest Reserve, Uganda. Ethnobotany Research and Applications. Available here (Open access)
This study documents Indigenous knowledge, identity of, and use of wild edible plants in 13 villages of Mabira Central Forest Reserve. The authors find that wild edible plants play a significant role in the nutritional health of consumers and recommend research aimed that motivating local communities to conserve forest biodiversity through sustainable use and management of wild edible plants.
91. Ogar E, Pecl G and T Mustonen (2020) Science must embrace traditional and Indigenous knowledge to solve our biodiversity crisis. One Earth. DOI: 10.1016/j.oneear.2020.07.006 (Open access)
Traditional and Indigenous knowledge has successfully preserved and restored biodiversity across the globe. The authors argue that if we are to preserve global biodiversity and rewild key habitats, science and Indigenous knowledge must work in partnership while also being restitutive and rights based.
92. Peacock S, et al (2020) Linking co-monitoring to co-management: Bringing together local, traditional, and scientific knowledge in a wildlife status assessment framework. Arctic Science. DOI: 10.1139/as-2019-0019 (Open access)
The authors propose a status assessment framework that provides a systematic and transparent approach to including traditional ecological knowledge, as well as local ecological knowledge, in the design, implementation, and interpretation of wildlife conservation status assessments, using a community-based monitoring program for muskoxen and caribou in northern Canada as a case study.
93. Rath S and A Ormsby (2020) Conservation through traditional knowledge: A review of research on the Sacred Groves of Odisha, India. Human Ecology. DOI: 10.1007/s10745-020-00173-1
The authors analyse available literature on the sacred groves of Odisha, a densely forested state in eastern India. They conclude that traditional Indigenous tribal cultural practices have conserved natural areas in Odisha, but that these areas and practices are under increasing pressure from industrialisation, exploitation of valuable forest resources, and expanding agriculture.
94. Wheeler H and M Root‐Bernstein (2020) Informing decision‐making with Indigenous and local knowledge and science. Journal of Applied Ecology. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13734 (Open access)
There have been calls for both more and deeper partnerships between Indigenous knowledge holders and scientists to address the multifaceted issues facing conserved areas and those experiencing environmental change. In creating and strengthening these partnerships, it may be possible to address biological conservation issues alongside ensuring sustainable livelihoods and use of resources, culture, governance and economic development.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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95. How to bend the curve of biodiversity loss -> As the UN convenes the Biodiversity Summit in New York, Joji Cariño, Andy Whitmore, Milka Chepkorir and Claire Bracegirdle argue the case for centering the knowledge of Indigenous people and local communities in the fight against biodiversity loss.
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Sustainable use measurement, monitoring, assessment
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96. Htay T and E Røskaft (2020) Community dependency and perceptions of a protected area in a threatened ecoregion of Myanmar. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation. DOI: 10.5897/IJBC2020.1429
This study assesses local communities’ dependency on the Indawgyi Wildlife Sanctuary (IWS) and perceptions of benefits and costs accrued from it. The results show that communities’ perceptions of the costs incurred from IWS varied significantly with their resource dependency level, distance, gender and ethnicity.
97. Masoodi H and R Sundriyal (2020) Richness of non-timber forest products in Himalayan communities—diversity, distribution, use pattern and conservation status. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. DOI: 10.1186/s13002-020-00405-0 (Open access)
This paper aims to provide detailed information on diversity, distribution, use pattern, and conservation status of selected NTFPs that have market potential, and to suggest a possible way for their sustained management and possible role in livelihood upgradation of dependent communities in Himachal Pradesh.
98. Mbanze A, Vieira da Silva C, Ribeiro N and J Lima Santos (2020) Participation in illegal harvesting of natural resources and the perceived costs and benefits of living within a protected area. Ecological Economics. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106825 (Open access)
The authors test a novel approach for indirectly detecting participation of the local population in illegal harvesting of PAs natural resources and its spatial distribution, using Niassa National Reserve as a case study. The results show that households that are more likely involved in illegal activities are poor, less educated, and mostly located near to the PA borders.
99. Ndayizeye G, et al (2020) Ecosystem services from mountain forests: Local communities’ views in Kibira National Park, Burundi. Ecosystem Services. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2020.101171
This research investigates how different ethnic groups including Twa hunter gatherers and farmers of Bantu origin use and value mountain forests in Kibira National Park, Burundi. The findings help understand why the Twa continue to enter this park daily.
100. Ndeloh Etiendem D, et al (2020) The Nunavut Wildlife Management Board’s Community-Based Monitoring Network: Documenting Inuit harvesting experience using modern technology. Arctic Science. DOI: 10.1139/as-2020-0008 (Open access)
The authors provide an overview of the Community-Based Monitoring Network (CBMN) in Nunavut and discuss the challenges and opportunities of integrating data gathered through the CBMN in co-management decision-making. The CBMN represents a powerful approach to knowledge production by Inuit harvesters that is relevant to wildlife managers and co-management agencies.
101. Rija A, Critchlow R, Thomas C and C Beale (2020) Global extent and drivers of mammal population declines in protected areas under illegal hunting pressure. PLoS ONE. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227163
The authors review 40 years (1980–2020) of global research to examine the spatial distribution of research and socio-ecological factors influencing population decline within protected areas under illegal hunting pressure. Their results provide evidence that illegal hunting is most likely to cause declines of large-bodied species in protected areas of resource-poor countries regardless of protected area conservation status.
102. Thokozile Macheka M, Maharaj P and D Nzima (2020) Choosing between environmental conservation and survival: Exploring the link between livelihoods and the natural environment in rural Zimbabwe. South African Geographical Journal. DOI: 10.1080/03736245.2020.1823875
This article identifies the livelihood strategies used by people living in a rural district in Zimbabwe and investigates how this impacts the natural environment. The authors find that poor people have resorted to a range of environmentally hazardous strategies as a means of securing their livelihoods.
103. Thompson K, et al (2020) Indigenous food harvesting as social–ecological monitoring: A case study with the Gitga'at First Nation. People and Nature. DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10135 (Open access)
Following the collaborative design of a community‐based social–ecological monitoring system over two traditional seafood harvesting seasons, the authors conduct an analysis of meeting notes and interview transcripts with Gitga'at harvesters and knowledge holders to discern how Gitga'at people monitor their territory and what indicators they focus on.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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No new news articles or blogs at this time.
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104. Adom D and D Asante Boamah (2020) Local attitudes toward the cultural seasonal hunting bans in Ghana’s Bomfobiri Wildlife Sanctuary: Implications for sustainable wildlife management and tourism. Global Ecology and Conservation. DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01243 (Open access)
This study investigates the attitudes of the people living in three adjacent communities close to the Bomfobiri wildlife sanctuary in Ghana concerning the observation of the cultural, seasonal closures of hunting. Despite a more significant number of stakeholders admitting the importance of the seasonal closure of hunting, some challenges impeded its implementation.
105. Avila Martin E, et al (2020) Wild meat hunting and use by sedentarised Baka Pygmies in southeastern Cameroon. PeerJ. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9906 (Open access)
The authors describe the use of wild meat in 10 Baka villages along the Djoum-Mintom road. Between 60% and 80% of carcasses belonged to the “least concern” category and they suggest that measured wild meat extraction levels are likely to be sustainable if hunter densities do not increase.
106. Bachmann M, et al (2020) Saving rodents, losing primates—Why we need tailored bushmeat management strategies. People and Nature. DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10119 (Open access)
The authors interview hunters, traders and consumers of bushmeat around Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire, to test if factors related to bushmeat mitigation strategies affected selection for primates, duikers and rodents. Their results demonstrate that there is no one‐size‐fits‐all solution and campaigns need to be tailored to specific taxa and user groups.
107. Bizri H, et al (2020) Social and biological correlates of wild meat consumption and trade by rural communities in the Jutaí river basin, Central Amazonia. Journal of Ethnobiology. DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-40.2.183
Through interviews with 16 communities in the Jutaí River Extractive Reserve, Brazil, the authors determine animal taxa consumed and frequency of wild meat consumption, as well as patterns of wild meat trade. They find that wild meat consumption is determined by taste preferences, while prices are related to the body mass of the taxa concerned.
108. Duonamou L, Konate A, Xu J and T Humle (2020). Temporal evolution of bushmeat traded in High Niger National Park, Guinea, West Africa. Oryx.DOI: 10.1017/S0030605319001443 (Open access)
This study examines the temporal evolution of the bushmeat trade in three rural markets in the High Niger National Park and in the nearest urban centre, Faranah. The findings suggest a marked shift in traded species, associated with crop protection by farmers and economic incentives to kill and trade crop-foraging species.
109. Gibson L (2020) Bycatch of the day: Wild meat consumption, ecological knowledge, and symbolic capital among Indigenous Maroon parrot hunters of Jamaica. Journal of Ethnobiology. DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-40.2.167
This paper explores wild meat consumption among a very small group of Jamaican Maroons who maintain the declining practice of parrot hunting. The results reveal that consumption accompanies highly specialised practices undertaken by small groups of villagers deep in the forest and is a mechanism through which membership of these groups is determined and maintained.
110. Ingram D (2020) Wild meat in changing times. Journal of Ethnobiology. DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-40.2.117
The paper discusses how, given the diversity of wild meat uses across social-ecological contexts, and the potential for inequitable management decisions, incorporating social justice in wild meat management will ensure human-wellbeing while curbing biodiversity loss.
111. Jones S, et al (2020) The bean method as a tool to measure sensitive behaviour. Conservation Biology. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13607 (Open access)
The authors apply the bean method to measure wildmeat hunting and trading over two years at a conservation project site in Gola Forest, Liberia, and extend the technique to accommodate questions about hunting frequency. The results indicate that wildmeat trading decreased in project and non‐project households, while hunting decreased in one project group.
112. Knoop S, Morcatty T, El Bizri H and S Cheyne (2020) Age, religion, and taboos influence subsistence hunting by Indigenous People of the Lower Madeira river, Brazilian Amazon. Journal of Ethnobiology. DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-40.2.131
This study examines the aspects influencing hunting practices by the Indigenous Maraguá people in the central Amazon, Brazil. The authors highlight the importance of considering of cultural and religious particularities in research on subsistence hunting and design of management plans for Indigenous lands in Amazonia.
113. Nijhawan S and A Mihu (2020) Relations of blood: Hunting taboos and wildlife conservation in the Idu Mishmi of northeast India. Journal of Ethnobiology. DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-40.2.149
The authors explore what motivates Idu Mishmi community taboos, their role in everyday Idu life, how they impact hunting, and whether they will endure with changing circumstances. They find that by conditioning social and personal prosperity on ancestrally mandated, morally correct behaviour in the forest, Idu taboos ensure that people understand that human well-being is inextricably linked to restrictive hunting.
114. Pattiselanno F, et al (2020) Wild meat trade chain on the Bird's Head peninsula of West Papua Province, Indonesia. Journal of Ethnobiology. DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-40.2.202
This study describes the structure and operation of the wild meat trade chain along the coast of the Bird's Head Peninsula, including how wild meat flows from forests to urban areas and contributes to local livelihoods across the trade chain. The results indicate that hunting for trade is still a secondary livelihood activity, with more than half of our respondents selling hunted wildlife within their home villages.
115. Pawera L, et al (2020) Wild food plants and trends in their use: From knowledge and perceptions to drivers of change in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Foods. DOI: 10.3390/foods9091240 (Open access)
This study aims to document the diversity of wild food plants (WFPs), and assess perceptions, attitudes, and drivers of change in their consumption among Minangkabau and Mandailing women farmers in West Sumatra. The authors recommend communities, government and NGOs work together to optimise the use of this food biodiversity in a sustainable way.
116. Tavares A, et al (2020) Widespread use of traditional techniques by local people for hunting the Yellow-Footed Tortoise (Chelonoidis denticulatus) across the Amazon. Journal of Ethnobiology. DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-40.2.268
The authors describe the hunting techniques used across Amazonia by Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples for hunting yellow-footed tortoises, one of the most consumed species in the biome. They find that the consonance among the technique repertoire likely reflects a shared knowledge still in use across different cultural groups.
117. Wood B, et al (2020) Hunter-gatherers in context: Mammal community composition in a northern Tanzania landscape used by Hadza foragers and Datoga pastoralists. OSF Preprints. DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/pcsxh (Open access)
The authors assess mammals using camera traps in a Hadza hunter-gatherer camp in northern Tanzania. Compared to camera trap rates in a fully protected area of northern Tanzania, most wildlife species in the study area appear in much lower abundance.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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No new news articles or blogs at this time.
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Wildlife trade (and CITES)
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118. Alif Fauzi M, Hamidy A, Mumpuni M and N Kurniawan (2020) The threat of appendix CITES-listed turtles harvesting in central Borneo and south Sumatra. Journal of Tropical Life Science. DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.03.05
The authors report on the trading network of the three most exploited turtle species in south Sumatra and central Borneo. The results indicate over harvesting beyond the annual quota.
119. Chapman L and P White (2020) The future of private rhino ownership in South Africa. Wildlife Research. DOI: 10.1071/WR20013
Private rhino ownership has increased substantially across South Africa over the past three decades, with over 42% of the entire rhino population now in private ownership. Although total rhino numbers on private properties are still increasing, the number of properties owning rhinos is declining. The authors discuss potential future options for private rhino owners.
120. Momballa M (2020) Rapid assessment of the artisanal shark trade in the Republic of the Congo. TRAFFIC. Yaounde, Cameroon and Cambridge, UK. Available here (Open access)
Congolese artisanal fishers are increasingly turning to shark fishing because of increased scarcity of other stocks overfished by industrial fisheries. This report finds that urgent legislative and management improvements are needed to prevent a collapse of shark fishing and protect local livelihoods.
121. Roberts D and A Hinsley (2020) The seven forms of challenges in the wildlife trade. Tropical Conservation Science. DOI: 10.1177/1940082920947023 (Open access)
The authors propose a framework to provide a structured approach to defining the complexities of the wildlife trade. They demonstrate the complexities and how they apply to the framework using two contrasting examples: the trade in elephant ivory, and the horticultural orchid trade.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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122. SADC buckles under wild products stockpiles as CITES throws spanners -> As SADC countries carry on their fight with CITES from within, one of the most viable and available options has recently gained renewed attention.
123. Anticipated new restrictions on wildlife trade in Vietnam fall short of a ban -> After a delay of several months, on July 23, the Vietnamese government finally released a directive aimed at strengthening enforcement of existing rules governing the wildlife trade, but not banning the trade outright.
124. Risking death and arrest, Madagascar fishers chase dwindling sea cucumbers -> In Madagascar, as elsewhere, wild sea cucumbers are declining. Fishers are venturing further out to sea and into deeper waters to pursue them using unsafe SCUBA gear.
125. Kenya’s recent ban on the export of donkey skins to China faces legal challenges -> The expanding production of ejiao, a Chinese traditional medicine manufactured from donkey skins, has put a strain on donkey populations worldwide. In March 2020, Kenya became the latest African country to ban the export of donkey products, following pressure from farmers’ lobbies and animal rights groups.
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General (non-thematic articles on sustainable use and livelihoods)
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126. Afonso Mbanze A, et al (2020) A livelihood and farming system approach for effective conservation policies in protected areas of developing countries: The case study of the Niassa National Reserve in Mozambique. Land Use Policy. DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105056
The authors propose a novel approach to support the development of policy interventions aimed at achieving conservation goals through the sustainable development of local people in PAs of developing countries.
127. Forest Peoples Programme, International Indigenous Forum on Biodiversity, Indigenous Women’s Biodiversity Network, Centres of Distinction on Indigenous and Local Knowledge and Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2020) Local Biodiversity Outlooks 2: The contributions of Indigenous peoples and local communities to the implementation of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020 and to renewing nature and cultures. Forest Peoples Programme, Moreton-in-Marsh, England. Available here (Open access)
This report presents the perspectives and experiences of Indigenous peoples and local communities on the current social-ecological crisis, and their contributions to the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity of the Convention on Biological Diversity.
128. Hart A, et al (2020) Threats posed to conservation by media misinformation. Conservation Biology. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13605 (Open access)
The authors highlight simplistic and inaccurate coverage of trophy hunting in mainstream newspapers (print and online).
129. O’Bryan C, et al (2020) The importance of Indigenous peoples’ lands for the conservation of terrestrial mammals. Conservation Biology. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13620
The authors provide the first comprehensive analysis of terrestrial mammal composition across mapped Indigenous lands by using area of habitat data for 4,460 IUCN‐assessed mammal species. Their analysis shows how important Indigenous Peoples and their lands are to the successful implementation of international conservation and sustainable development agendas.
130. Okafor-Yarwood I, et al (2020) The blue economy–cultural livelihood–ecosystem conservation triangle: The African experience. Frontiers in Marine Science. DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2020.00586 (Open access)
The authors argue that successful Blue Economy initiatives in Africa accentuate the involvement of local communities and promote sustenance of the natural ecosystem, defining success in terms of the sustainability balance among ecological, social and economic aspects.
131. Olmedo A, et al (2020) A scoping review of celebrity endorsement in environmental campaigns and evidence for its effectiveness. Conservation Science and Practice. DOI: 10.1111/csp2.261 (Open access)
The authors report on the extent to which celebrities have been used in celebrity‐endorsed environmental campaigns, whether evaluation of the endorsement has been conducted, and assess whether there is evidence that the celebrities achieved the objectives they set out to accomplish through their engagement. They find it remains unclear whether celebrity endorsement can contribute to conservation efforts.
132. Remis M and C Jost Robinson (2020) Elephants, hunters, and others: Integrating biological anthropology and multispecies ethnography in a conservation zone. American Anthropologist. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.13414
The authors demonstrate the usefulness of biological anthropology in combination with multispecies ethnography for anchoring the futures of BaAka foragers and African forest elephants. They discuss how Tuma elephant hunters have long negotiated their communities’ relationships with elephants and others who have relied on the BaAka to navigate the forest.
133. Thornton S, et al (2020) Towards biocultural approaches to peatland conservation: The case for fish and livelihoods in Indonesia. Environmental Science & Policy. DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2020.08.018
The authors explore the socio-environmental issues being faced in the peatland landscapes of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. They draw on data from in-depth social and ecological research in two village communities, and in so doing illustrate how fish conservation has the potential to support important biocultural and livelihood relationships between human and nonhuman communities in peatland areas.
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News articles, blogs etc.
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134. The bold plan that could save South Africa's leopards -> In South Africa, which has historically followed a fortress conservation model, wildlife corridors and crossings may be the only way to protect species such as leopards.
135. China forges ahead with ambitious national park plan -> The new system aims to benefit wildlife and people alike, but balancing conservation with the development of a tourism industry can be tricky.
136. The great elephant balancing act -> Watching elephants in their natural habitat is a joy for those of us who can do so at our leisure, from a safe distance or with a knowledgeable guide. For those who face the real danger of meeting an elephant on foot at night while walking home, elephants can be terrifying.
137. 'Compassionate conservation': just because we love invasive animals, doesn't mean we should protect them -> Preventing extinctions and protecting biodiversity is unlikely when emotion, rather than evidence, influence decisions.
138. Decolonising environmentalism -> We are witnessing a historical push toward the dismantling of imperialism, the decentralisation of power, and the welcoming of non-White, non-European values into conservation.
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