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The Nanoscope: Big News in Small Science
New Directions in Research
Rapid Non-Destructive Imaging Technique Developed 
by GT-Lorraine & Korean Colleagues
 
In a collaboration between researchers at Konkuk University and the Korean Institute of Science and Technology in the Republic of Korea, Georgia Tech-CNRS IRL2958 at Georgia Tech Lorraine, a novel terahertz imaging technique is demonstrated to map inhomogeneities in nanostructured thin films.  In particular, the team lead by ECE’s Prof. David Citrin has demonstrated the approach on nanporous alumina films, which are composed of airholes in alumina in a well-ordered hexagonal array.  Such films are typically tens of microns thick while typical lattice constants of the airhole array is 100 nm with airhole fill factor and depth controlled by the details of the two-step anodization process employed in growing such films on aluminum substrates.  Nanoporous alumina films are employed as a biological substrate, as a catalytic surface, and as templates for subsequent growth of nanostructures.
 
In fabricating or processing such films, poorly ordered nanopore regions may result or other damage may occur.  Such inhomogeneities provide for significant scattering of terahertz electromagnetic radiation. While optical microscopy can reveal inhomogeneities (electron microscopies and surface profiling are destructive to these films), what is needed is a nondestructive approach that is suitable to rapid scanning. The team developed a process in which they subject a nanoporous-alumina film sample to a well columnated terahertz signal, and then monitor the signal scattered back, but in a nonspecular direction, and then repeat the measurement over a large area of the sample. By focusing on a given spot on the sample, scattering is manifested by a received THz signal at an angle other than the reflected direction.  By making measurements over an entire sample, one can then obtain an image of inhomogeneity. 

The collaboration has also used terahertz time-of-flight tomography to measure nanoporous alumina film thickness nondestructively.  In this case, the sample is subjected to a short terahertz pulse and the specular reflected signal is detected.  Analysis of the “echoes” of the incident signal present in the reflected signal are used to reconstruct the layer thickness. 


Characterization of nanoporous Al2O3 films at terahertz frequencies
M Zhai, A Locquet, M Jung, D Woo, DS Citrin
Optics Letters 45 (14), 4092-4095 (2020)

 

External Press Item | Researchers discover breakthrough solid-state EV battery manufacturing technique

Gleb Yushin A new fabrication technique could allow solid-state automotive lithium-ion batteries to adopt nonflammable ceramic electrolytes using the same production processes as in batteries made with conventional liquid electrolytes.

“While the melting point of traditional solid-state electrolytes can range from 700 degrees Celsius to over 1,000 degrees Celsius, we operate at a much lower temperature range, depending on the electrolyte composition, roughly from 200 to 300 degrees Celsius,” explained Gleb Yushin, a professor in the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Georgia Tech. “At these lower temperatures, fabrication is much faster and easier. Materials at low temperatures don’t react. The standard electrode assemblies, including the polymer binder or glue, can be stable in these conditions."

The new technique, to be reported in the journal Nature Materials, could allow large automotive Li-ion batteries to be made safer with 100% solid-state nonflammable ceramic rather than liquid
electrolytes using the same manufacturing processes of conventional liquid electrolyte battery production.


Read the full press here
 
Award Laurel WreathUniversity Students Help Shape Flexible Electronics Innovation at FLEX Conference 2021


Innovators of the Future Award Winners

Robert Herbert from the Georgia Institute of Technology won first place for his paper Smart and Connected Stent System with Nanomembrane Soft Sensors for Wireless Monitoring of Hemodynamics. Vascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for over 30% of all fatalities. Early diagnosis and monitoring blood pressure and flow rates are critical to effective treatment. Herbert’s poster introduced a less costly, less invasive and more revealing (spoiler alert) sensor system that uses a flexible, wireless biosensor system with an inductive medical stent and capacitive pressure sensors.

The laser-machined stent uses multi-layered material integration to function as an inductive coil for wireless communication while maintaining mechanical properties similar to conventional vascular stents. The stent and sensor system can be easily deployed using conventional catheter procedures. Watch his
presentation.

 
 
Sridhar Sivapurapu from the Georgia Institute of Technology won third place for his poster Flexible and Ultra-Thin 30µm Glass Substrates for RF and mmWave Flex Applications. Sivapurapu’s poster addressed the increasing demand for maximizing the mechanical flexibility of flexible displays while maintaining or improving their electrical performance.

Sivapurapu focused on both electrical and mechanical properties for determining the viability of ultra-thin glass stack-ups for flexible RF applications by benchmarking the electrical performance of the ultra-thin glass stack-up to 110 GHz. He also examined electrical characterization during bending tests using free arc bending. Watch his
talk.
Cleanroom Corner

Cytiva Biacore T200 SPR Informational Webinar
March 17, 2021 | 10AM EDT


This month’s tool spotlight is on the Cytiva Biacore T200 SPR. This tool is located in the Biocleanroom and is used for measuring molecular interactions. By using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), it can determine with a very high accuracy if there is any change in size of the surface layer. This is used to study Ligand-Analyte binding and will give analytical information like Affinity, Kinetics, Active Concentration, and Specificity.

Biacore surface plasmon resonance (SPR) instruments are best known for their ability to measure kinetic and affinity parameters for biomolecular interactions such as protein-protein or protein-drug binding.  However, SPR can also be used to rapidly measure active concentrations of biomolecules, including the concentration of virus in solution.  In this seminar, we will look at the use of Biacore SPR instruments in viral characterization.

Please click the banner below to register for the Webinar!

For more information, contact Philip Anschutz at: phil-a@gatech.edu 404.520.8289

What’s So Hard About Soft Interconnects?

Gary K. Fedder | Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University

March 23, 2021 | 12PM EST
Link: https://tinyurl.com/NanoTechFedder
 

Abstract: Skin wearables are a compelling concept as an extension of today’s commercial wearables, having broad applications in health monitoring, as sensory and haptic interfaces, and even for electronic fashion. What is sometimes lost amongst the substantial amount of research in this area is the importance of reliable interconnect. My research group began its journey on soft interconnect by tackling a related series of challenging applications: ultra-compliant cortical probes, which later led to intrafascicular probes and then soft cuff electrodes for the vagus nerve. Chronically implanted probes require strategies to forestall erosion of interfaces and materials that occurs from immersion in the body. The leakage requirements led to development of atomic layer deposited coatings to seal the wiring. The experience with neural probes, combined with the compelling potential impact of skin wearables inspired my recent exploration of a class of sub-mm-thick stretchable systems (a.k.a. electronic skin or e-decals) that can reliably interconnect rigid electronic and sensor microchips. Both mechanical and electrical interconnect in such systems must survive under relatively high applied strain from skin wrinkling, stretching and bending. Generally, rigid microchips embedded in stretchable substrates, like polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), will delaminate at their interface to the substrate (and to interconnect) when subjected to even small applied strain. Design of stiffness gradients directly in the surrounding PDMS material is one approach to help prevent delamination. Building on this past work, I will describe our latest progress toward the vision of direct-print “stretchable circuit boards”, leveraging in-house collaboration in aerosol-jet printing technology. Interconnect survival shows great promise with these merged technologies, all while iterating between tackling issues of delamination and cracking and finding robust engineering solutions.

 
If you wish to view many of our previous Nano@Tech seminars, please visit thNano@Tech YouTube page or the SMARTech page.
IEN Center Events

March 23 @ 9AM |  GT Center for HCIE Guest Lecture: Electronic skins for medical and sports applications - Dr. Takao Someya; Professor of Electrical Engineering & Information Systems, University of Tokyo

March 25 @ 12:30PM | 3D Systems Packaging Research Center Distinguished Lecture: Flexible Hybrid Electronics 2.0 - Subramanian S. Iyer (Subu); Distinguished Professor & Charles P. Reames Endowed Chair in the Electrical Engineering (joint appointment in MSE), UCLA
 
MCF Update | New Tool + New Software = New Awesome for Your Imaging!

EasyXAFS/XES Now Online

 EasyXAFS Instrument
The MCF has acquired and installed a new instrument through the NSF MRI through a collaborative team led by Dr. Alamgir in MSE.

The easyXAFS/XES is a benchtop spectrometer for x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). This laboratory x-ray absorption/emission spectrometer enables users to examine x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) in the transmission mode for XAFS while the configuration for XES presents fluorescence spectra. By analyzing signals, users can understand the local atomic and electronic structures in an element-specific manner.
 
Techniques such as XANES and EXAFS have previously only been accessible at national lab accelerator facilities.  This instrument - one of the first in the region - is the first to make these measurements possible in an academic lab.
In combination, these techniques allow examination of atomic coordination and chemical state in the bulk and provide a complement to XPS and its ability to give surface-specific chemical state information."
 
More information about the tool can be found here: http://easyxafs.com/
 
This instrument is listed on SUMS and filling out the information form on the tool page will start the process for training. If you have any question or concerns, please contact MCF staff and we will be happy to assist you. https://mcf.gatech.edu/contact-us/


 

Crystalmaker Software Suite Available for Download
 
The MCF has purchased a site license for the Crystalmaker Software Suite for the Georgia Tech community. The software allows you to simulate X-ray diffraction patterns, model and visualize crystal structures, and more!
 
More information can be found here: http://crystalmaker.com/
 
The codes to unlock the software are available through the software download portal from OIT, and also available by contacting David Tavakoli (atavakoli6@gatech.edu) if you contact him with a GT email address. Codes work for Windows and Mac.

Screenshot of CrystalMaker Software
 The Southeastern Nanotechnology Infrastructure Corridor (SENIC)

The Southeastern Nanotechnology Infrastructure Corridor or SENIC is a partnership between the Georgia Tech-Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, and the Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering. s. SENIC assists researchers from academia, industry, and government labs with their micro and nanofabrication and characterization projects. SENIC users work in areas such as electronics, MEMS, sensors, biomaterials, photonics, and materials growth and synthesis. Our facilities can also meet the unique needs of non-traditional researchers from disciplines such as life sciences, biomedical engineering, and healthcare.

For more information on how to access SENIC user facility as an external academic / industry user, please contact Dr. Paul Joseph, Director of External User Programs via email [paul.joseph@ien.gatech.edu]

 
SENIC User Interview | Sourav Banerjee; Professor,
University of South Carolina
@IEN_GATech
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