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CHUMASH

Parshas Tzav - Sheini with Rashi

In today’s Chumash Hashem tells Moshe Rabbeinu about a special korban which is brought by the Kohen Gadol two times every day (called Chavitei Kohen Gadol). We also learn how each kohen brings this korban when he starts to work in the Beis Hamikdash for the first time. This korban is made of flour and oil.

We also learn more about the Korban Chatas and the Korban Asham, which we started to learn about last week. One thing we learn is that the Korban Olah (which is a present for Hashem) and the Chatas (which is part of teshuvah for an aveira) are brought in the same place in the Mishkan, so nobody will know who did an aveira.

Certain parts of the korbanos need to be eaten on the day the korban is brought. It is asur to leave any leftovers.

Just like with kashrus, the pot that a korban is cooked in “holds on to” the taste of the meat! (So there could be a Fleishig, a Milchig, or a Korban’dik pot!) That flavor is also counted as “leftovers” from the korban and cannot be eaten. We need to kasher the pot so we can use it again.

At the end of today’s Chumash we see the parts of the korbanos that the kohen gets to keep, and which parts are burned on the Mizbeiach.

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TEHILLIM

49 - 54

In today’s Tehillim, in Kapitel Nun-Gimmel (53), it talks about the churban of the Second Beis Hamikdash. At the end of the kapitel, Dovid Hamelech says how he hopes Hashem will save the Yidden: “Mi Yitein MiTzion Yeshuos Yisroel…”

This posuk is actually written TWICE in Tehillim — once in Kapitel Yud-Daled, and once here.

The Medrash says that these two times where it says “Mi Yitein,” hoping that Hashem will bring the Geulah, also matches with two places in Torah where it says the words “Mi Yitein!”

In one place in the Torah, Hashem says how He hopes the Yidden will all have Yiras Shomayim (“Mi Yitein Vehaya Levavam Zeh Lahem LeYirah Osi…”), and in the other place, Moshe Rabbeinu hopes that all of the Yidden will be neviim (“Umi Yiten Kol Am Hashem Neviim”).

The Medrash says that both of these will come true when Moshiach comes — all Yidden will be Neviim, and we will all have the highest level of Yiras Shomayim!

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TANYA

Likutei Amarim Perek Lamed-Tes

Today we are going to learn about Atzilus, which is a Ruchnius’dike level where nothing can be felt except for Hashem.

Did you help burn the chometz last year? Think about standing in front of the fire, which has big flames burning up all of your chometz. Now imagine taking a little burning match, and throwing it inside. What happens to the fire on your match? Now it is completely a part of the big fire!

Similarly, when a neshama is in Atzilus, it becomes part of the great “fire” of Hashem.

Great tzadikim can feel Hashem in a way that there is nothing else that exists besides for Hashem. Smaller neshamos can feel Hashem by using their minds to think about the greatness of Hashem, even though they don’t feel it the way the great tzadikim do.

That’s why Atzilus is the level where neshamos of great tzadikim are, who live in a way that they don’t feel that anything exists except for Hashem alone. Like the Chachomim say about the Avos, throughout their lives, there was not even one second (even when they were sleeping!) that anything else existed for them, besides for Hashem and what He wants.

For the rest of us, we can’t feel this way all the time. But at special times, even regular neshamos can feel that there is nothing that exists aside for Hashem. One of those times is during Shmoneh Esrei!

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HAYOM YOM

Tes Nisan

What is “rich” for a Yid? The Rebbe tells us today in Hayom Yom!

For a Yid, being rich is not having a lot of money or a beautiful house.

The best kind of riches, that lasts forever, is being Yidden that keep Torah and mitzvos, and having children and grandchildren who do also!

That makes your parents and Bubbies and Zaidies VERY VERY rich!

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SEFER HAMITZVOS

Shiur #256 - Mitzvas Asei #236

Today we started a new set of halachos, about if a person hurts someone else, or breaks or ruins something belonging to them.

Today’s mitzvah (Mitzvas Asei #236) is that if a person makes someone else get hurt, he needs to pay him to make up for what he did. (In fact, we learn that there are five kinds of damage that he might need to pay: For the part of him that got hurt, the pain, the doctor bills, that he is missing work, and that he was embarrassed.)

We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Mishpatim: וְכִי יְרִיבֻן אֲנָשִׁים וְהִכָּה אִישׁ אֶת רֵעֵהוּ

The details of this mitzvah are explained in Perek Ches of Mesechta Bava Kama.

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RAMBAM

Hilchos Chovel U'Mazik

In today’s Rambam, we learn about the damages that a person needs to pay if he hurt another person.

Perek Alef teaches us that there are 5 kinds of damage a person might be responsible to pay, and explains what each of them are. The Rambam also explains in what kinds of cases each of them would need to be paid.

Perek Beis explains how we figure out how much to pay for each kind of damage. One halacha is that the Beis Din can only force someone to pay if he touched the other person, but if he scared the person without touching him, the Beis Din can’t force him to pay, but Hashem will. (“Patur Midinei Adam, Vechayav Bedinei Shomayim.”)

Perek Gimmel explains how much a person needs to pay for embarrassing someone else. There are certain amounts (called “knasim”) for different things they did to embarrass them. If someone embarrasses a Talmid Chochom, even just with words, they are supposed to pay 35 gold dinarim, which is worth over $9,000 today! The Rambam says that we do this even outside of Eretz Yisroel, and it happened many times when he lived in Spain — so be very careful!

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RAMBAM PEREK ECHOD

Hilchos Sotah - Perek Alef

If a woman who is already married is suspected of acting that she is married to someone else, after her husband told her to stay away from that other man, she is called a Sotah.

The Rambam starts teaching us the halachos of when a woman is called a Sotah.

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INYANA D'YOMA

Yud-Alef Nisan

It is almost Yud-Alef Nisan!

The Yud-Alef Nisan farbrengen in the year Tof-Shin-Lamed-Beis, for the Rebbe’s 70th year, was an extra special farbrengen!

Here is one of the things the Rebbe spoke about at that farbrengen:

Many people have the question, if the whole reason Hashem made us is so that we can learn Torah and do mitzvos, why did Hashem make it so hard to do that?

Imagine that you are studying very hard for the Chidon. You make flashcards, you review with your friend, and you listen to the recordings over and over.

Then your sister asks you why you are working so hard. She offers to copy someone else’s certificate and just put your name on it. She’ll even buy a wooden plaque so you can hang it up in your room!

You know that even if your sister makes a beautiful plaque, it won’t really be special. The Chidon certificate is so important to you because you worked hard and you earned it!

When we get something without working for it, it is called “Nahama Dekisufa,” free bread. We don’t appreciate something as much if we didn’t do anything for it.

That is one of the reasons why Hashem makes it hard to do the mitzvos: If it was easy, we wouldn’t feel like what we do is so special!

But couldn’t Hashem have just made us differently? Hashem could have made people to like getting things that we don’t earn!

The Rebbe explains that Hashem could have given us good things as a gift, and it would be very easy. But then we would just be getting a present.

But Hashem wanted to give us the best thing that could be — that we could be PARTNERS with Hashem!

When two partners start a business, they both need to give a lot of money to get things started, and work hard together. Then the business belongs to both of them!

Hashem wants US to be His partners in running the world! When we work hard to learn Torah and do mitzvos, even when it is not easy, we are investing our part so we can be partners with Hashem in the creation of the world!

See farbrengen Yud-Alef Nisan Tof-Shin-Lamed-Beis

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TEFILLAH

Haggadah Shel Pesach

We are going through the basic way Maggid is set up, the part of the Haggadah where we tell over the story of Yetziyas Mitzrayim. The nusach of our Haggadah was not written down until much later, but the general structure is already there in the Mishnah.

In the previous shiur, we went through the part of the Haggadah that we say on Shabbos Hagadol, from Avadim Hayinu until “Lechaper Al Kol Avonoseinu.” The Mishnah says that the father should teach his child the story of Pesach so he will understand it, in a way of “Maschil Begnus Umesayeim Beshevach,” starting with the shameful part and finishing with praise. Then we explain the paragraph “Arami Oved Avi” according to the Medrashim of Chazal, from the Sifri.

After that, the Mishnah tells us exactly what else needs to be done at this part of the seder:

First of all, Rabban Gamliel teaches that we need to speak about three important things at the seder: Pesach (the Korban Pesach), Matzah, and Maror. We explain why we have them at our seder, and show what they are.

Then we say the famous Mishnah (which is one of the Yud-Beis Pesukim) of “Bechol Dor Vador,” that Yidden of every time should see themselves as if they are coming out of Mitzrayim themselves!

Of course, if we feel like we came out of Mitzrayim, we will feel so happy and thankful to Hashem! Just like the Yidden did when they came out of Mitzrayim, we will want to praise and thank Hashem! So we say part of Hallel.

There are different opinions in the Mishnah of how much of Hallel we should say here. We follow the opinion of Beis Hillel and say the first two paragraphs, ending with the words Chalamish Lemaayno Mayim.

We finish off with the bracha where we thank Hashem for taking us out of Mitzrayim, and that we are able to sit tonight with matzah and maror. We ask Hashem that we should be able to celebrate Yomim Tovim with Moshiach Tzidkeinu and again eat from the korbanos! Then we will thank Hashem with a new song, a Shir Chadash!

We drink the second kos, and then we go on to the next part of the seder.

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HALACHOS HATZRICHOS

Setting Up for the Seder

Don’t forget to say the Nasi! Today is the ninth Nasi, for Shevet Binyamin.

~

Usually, on the first night of Pesach, we set the table before Maariv, using our beautiful Pesach dishes. We want to be ready right away, so the kids won’t fall asleep!

This year, because Erev Pesach is on Shabbos, there are different halachos. We are not allowed to start setting up the seder until after Shabbos, because it is asur to prepare on Shabbos for after Shabbos.

But we still want to make sure to have the seder as soon as possible, so one thing we can try to do is get things ready for the seder BEFORE Shabbos so we can start the seder right away.

In fact, many of the things we need for the kaarah are supposed to be made before Shabbos: Checking the lettuce for bugs, grating the horseradish, cooking the egg for beitzah, roasting the zro’ah, preparing the charoses and the salt water. Even though in general we are allowed to cook on Yom Tov, the Chachomim said that because certain things can be made early and still be just as good, we should do those things before Yom Tov. If we forget to make these things before Yom Tov, many of these things need to be made with a shinui, and only the amount we need. (The details are in many of the Halacha newsletters.)

But we don’t actually set up the kaarah early according to Minhag Chabad, we only set it up at the beginning of the seder.

See the Alter Rebbe’s Shulchan Aruch, siman Tof-Ayin-Beis se’if alef and Shevach Hamoadim, Dinei Seder Pesach; Halacha Newsletters from Rabbi Braun of Crown Heights, Rabbi Lesches of Melbourne

לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי

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GEULAH U'MOSHIACH

Kimei Tzeischa (7)

Hashem says that at the time of the Geulah, He will show us nisim like in the days of coming out of Mitzrayim — “Kimei Tzeischa Me’Eretz Mitzrayim Arenu Niflaos”!

The posuk says, “KIMEI Tzeischa Me’Eretz Mitzrayim” — “Like the DAYS you came out of Mitzrayim.” But Yetziyas Mitzrayim was only ONE day! Why does the posuk say “DAYS”?

Yetziyas Mitzrayim is not only the first day we came out of Mitzrayim. Yidden remember Yetziyas Mitzrayim every day, and we have a Yetziyas Mitzrayim in Ruchnius every day!

The posuk is telling us that the Yetziyas Mitzrayim of ALL of these days, from when we went out of Mitzrayim, and all the days throughout the Golus when Yidden go out of Mitzrayim in Ruchnius, is what will bring the nissim of the Geulah!

See Maamar Kimei Tzeischa 5742

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