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CHUMASH
Parshas Behar - Sheini with Rashi
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The Torah tells us to make sure that when we sell a field or a slave, we need to charge a fair price, depending on how long it will be until Yovel. Since a field goes back to its original owner, and a slave is set free, the price should be based on how many years they will be able to use the field or the slave. That’s part of doing business in a fair way!
We also learn from these pesukim that we should first try to buy and sell from our fellow Yidden, if we have the option.
Besides for business dealings in an honest way, we also learn to be careful with the way we speak to others. We shouldn’t say something that will be hurtful to them. That’s not just with feelings — that’s with advice too! We need to remember that Hashem knows what we’re thinking, and if someone asks us for advice, we should give advice that is good for THEM, even if it’s not so good for us.
The last posuk of today’s Chumash tells us that if we keep these mitzvos of Shemitah, we will be able to live safely in Eretz Yisroel!
Rashi tells us that Golus Bavel lasted for 70 years. It was a kapara for the 70 Shemitah years the Yidden didn’t keep before going into Golus. During Golus Bavel, no Yid was able to work in the fields in Eretz Yisroel... This way, Eretz Yisroel “took back” the years we owed it.
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Kapitel Ayin-Ches reviews all of the nissim that Hashem did for the Yidden, starting from Yetzias Mitzrayim, until the time when Hashem made Dovid Hamelech the king over the Yidden!
In one of the pesukim in this kapitel, the posuk says “Vayikatz Keyashen Hashem” — Dovid Hamelech asks Hashem to wake up!
What does this mean? Does Hashem sleep?!
Chassidus explains (in the Bar Mitzvah maamar) that during Golus, the chayus that the world feels is like the chayus a person feels when he is sleeping. When someone is asleep, the neshama goes up to Shomayim and the person can only have dreams, and not think about things that make sense.
The same way, during Golus, the world doesn’t feel most of the chayus of Hashem. It only feels the little bit of chayus, like the chayus of a person who is asleep.
So we ask Hashem to bring Moshiach, when everyone can see and feel the chayus of Hashem in the world like a person who is awake!
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TANYA
Likutei Amarim Perek Mem-Ches
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We learned in yesterday’s Tanya about a mashal to understand the chayus of Hashem called Sovev Kol Almin, from the way a person knows something. Today we will learn how it is different by Hashem! Let’s review:
Hashem’s chayus in the world has to be hidden, because the chayus from Ein Sof is too much for the world to handle!
The Alter Rebbe teaches us that there are two kinds of chayus:
1) Memalei Kol Almin — This means that every thing in the world has its own special kind of chayus!
Compared to Hashem’s chayus that MAKES each thing Me’Ayin Le’Yesh (from nothing to something), of course this chayus is very little!
2) Sovev Kol Almin — This kind of chayus is the same for EVERYTHING Hashem makes.
Here is a mashal for this kind of chayus: Imagine you go to a park and look around at everything so you won’t forget. Later, when you go home, you can close your eyes and think about how the whole park looks. It’s like the whole park is in your mind! You can see the WHOLE thing at one time!
The same way, Hashem knows the WHOLE world! Hashem knows about the entire world and every single thing inside — all at once!
But there is a very important difference: The park doesn’t change because you know about it. But with the world, the fact that Hashem knows about it is what makes it exist! This is the chayus of Sovev Kol Almin.
Even though Sovev Kol Almin is a much stronger chayus than the first one, it is COMPLETELY hidden in the world!
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Today is thirty days of the Omer!
In today’s Hayom Yom, we learn about the Ahavas Yisroel that the Chassidim of the Alter Rebbe had.
They used to say, “This piece of bread that I have is YOURS just as much as it is mine!” They felt that a part of everything they had really belonged to someone else.
Not only that, but they thought about the part that belonged to the other person, even before they thought about the part that belonged to themselves. First they said “it’s yours” and only then did they say “it’s mine”!
Once at a farbregen, the Frierdiker Rebbe told this story about the Ahavas Yisroel of the Alter Rebbe’s Chassidim. Then the Frierdiker Rebbe shared a story that he saw:
In the summer of Tof-Reish-Nun-Zayin, the Frierdiker Rebbe and the Rebbe Rashab were in the country, at a resort. The Frierdiker Rebbe woke up very early, and was working on something. He saw that his father, the Rebbe Rashab, had also woken up early, and started to get ready for davening.
Afterwards, still early in the morning, the Rebbe Rashab told the Frierdiker Rebbe to come with him for a walk. On the walk, the Rebbe Rashab said: When you wake up early and learn and daven, you’re doing something important. But if you don’t have a chance during the day to do something that actually helps another Yid, it’s a dry day! You need to ask Hashem to send you a Yid that you can do a favor for, someone you can really help.
Later that day, two people came from the city Rudnia to speak to the Rebbe Rashab. They asked for a favor that was very important to them.
The Rebbe Rashab called over his son, the Frierdiker Rebbe, and told him: You see! When we truly want to help someone, Hashem will help make it possible.
See Sefer Hasichos Tof-Reish-Tzadik-Tes, p. 339
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SEFER HAMITZVOS
Shiur #337 - Mitzvas Asei #187, Lo Saasei #49, Asei #188, #189, Lo Saasei #59
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In today’s Sefer Hamitzvos, we learn 5 mitzvos:
1) (Mitzvas Asei #187) We have to kill the 7 nations that lived in Eretz Yisroel, because they are the main source of Avodah Zarah. We don’t have to kill them if they agree to leave or keep Sheva Mitzvos.
Hashem gave us this mitzvah so we don’t learn from them to serve Avodah Zarah.
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Shoftim: כִּי הַחֲרֵם תַּחֲרִימֵם
2) (Mitzvas Lo Saasei #49) We can’t leave any of those 7 nations alive. (This is the Lo Saasei of the mitzvah before.)
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Shoftim: לֹא תְחַיֶּה כָּל נְשָׁמָה
3) (Mitzvas Asei #188) We need to wipe out Amalek.
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Ki Seitzei: תִּמְחֶה אֶת זֵכֶר (זֶכֶר) עֲמָלֵק
The halachos are explained in Mesechta Sotah perek Ches.
4) (Mitzvas Asei #189) We need to remember what Amalek did to the Yidden. This way we won’t stop hating Amalek very much over time. By speaking about the terrible things that Amalek did to the Yidden, we will always hate them very much. (We do this mitzvah every day by saying what Amalek did to us, in the Sheish Zechiros at the end of davening.)
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Ki Seitzei: זָכוֹר אֵת אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה לְךָ עֲמָלֵק
5) (Mitzvas Lo Saasei #59) We can’t forget Amalek. (This is the Lo Saasei of the mitzvah before. The Asei is to speak about Amalek, and the Lo Saasei is not to forget in our hearts.)
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Ki Seitzei: לֹא תִּשְׁכָּח
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In Perek Daled, we learn about what rights a Jewish king has. He is allowed to make taxes, hire whoever he wants to work for him, and choose officers. In halacha Yud, the Rambam reminds us that the king has to make these decisions Lesheim Shomayim, to do the job Hashem wants him to do!
In Perek Hey, we learn about Milchemes Mitzvah — a war that is a mitzvah! One of the wars is with Amalek, of course! Another war that is a mitzvah is a war to take back parts of Eretz Yisroel.
The Rambam teaches us how special Eretz Yisroel is. There is a lot of kedusha there, and we are not allowed to leave Eretz Yisroel unless we have a very good reason, like learning Torah or getting married. The Rambam tells us that the Chachomim used to kiss the ground of Eretz Yisroel because they loved it so much!
Perek Vov teaches us about how to fight wars for the Jewish people. Before we fight, we always have to first ask the people if they want to make shalom and keep the Sheva Mitzvos Bnei Noach. If we surround their cities, we should leave a way out so they can escape, and that way we can take over the city without fighting them.
Even in a time of war, we shouldn’t ruin things for no reason (Bal Tashchis). A war for the Yidden is a holy thing — we fight even on Shabbos!
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The Rambam teaches us that when foods are joined together by a liquid, then all of it can become tomei at once. We also learn about a Tvul Yom — someone who went to the Mikvah during the day but needs to wait until night to become tahor.
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This week we are working on a very special midah in Sefiras Haomer. It is called the Midah of “Hod.” Every day this week, we are working on making one thing about the “Hod” way of behaving even better, the way Hashem wants it to be!
Hod is like the word “Hoda’ah,” which means Bittul.
In the Mishna, we see the word Hoda’ah when one Tanna changes the way he thinks, and agrees with another Tanna. (“Modim Chachomim L’Rabi Meir.”)
For us, Hoda’ah is that even though we understand things or want to do things one way, we are ready to change our minds and do what HASHEM wants us to do!
~
One time the Rebbe spoke about the Lubavitcher Yeshivas made by the Rebbe Rashab. He asked, “How can a Yeshiva like this work? Most Yeshivos learn Gemara most of the day, and there is more time where the bochurim can choose what to learn or do.
“In Tomchei Temimim, you need to learn Gemara, Chassidus, Daven (ba’avodah), go out to help other Yidden (like on mivtzoyim), and keep a very strict seder! If there is so much happening, how can the bochurim have a chayus in anything?”
The Rebbe explained that the Rebbe Rashab taught the bochurim not to think about THEMSELVES and what THEY like learning or doing, just think about what Hashem wants! Then they can have a chayus in EVERY part of Yeshiva, since they know that the Rebbe, the Nasi of the Yeshiva, set up this seder showing them the Ratzon of Hashem!
This is the midah of Hod.
We all have many things to do: Learn well in Cheder. Be nice and help our friends. Listen to our parents and teachers. Go on mivtzoyim and help in the Shlichus. Make a Kiddush Hashem for the whole world. Learn Chitas! Have fun so we are healthy and happy.
When we know that Hashem wants all of these things, and we have Hod, we can do it ALL in a beautiful way! This is actually another meaning of Hod — “beautiful!”
See sicha of Acharon Shel Pesach Tof-Shin-Lamed-Vov (printed in the hosafos to Likutei Sichos Chelek Yud-Daled)
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The sixth posuk of the Yud-Beis Pesukim starts with the words “Vehinei Hashem.” This posuk comes from the Tanya, in Perek Mem-Alef. The Alter Rebbe uses these words to strengthen our Yiras Shomayim, by remembering that Hashem is always watching us to see if we will behave in the right way!
Vehinei Hashem Nitzav Alav — Hashem is standing right next to us!
U’melo Chol Ha’aretz Kevodo — And even though Hashem’s glory fills the world,
U’mabit Alav — Hashem is looking specifically at US!
Uvochein Klayos Valeiv — Hashem checks to see what we are thinking and feeling
Im Ovdo Kara’ui — To see if we are serving Hashem the way we should.
When we think about this, we will be careful to always do what Hashem wants!
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It is the Chabad minhag to light at least some of our Shabbos candles on the table.
But if there are candles resting on the table, the whole table can become a bosis to the muktza! Then the table would be muktza too, and we wouldn’t be able to move it on Shabbos.
(The real problem is the flames, which are Muktza Machmas Isur. This is a strict kind of muktza that can’t be moved for any reason. Candlesticks are only a Keili Shemelachto L’isur, which CAN be moved if you need the space, as long as they are not a bosis to the flames. But since the table is also a bosis to the flames, the whole table can’t be moved at all.)
That’s why we also have a minhag to put the challos on the table before Licht Bentchen. Since the challos are more important than the flames, and they are also resting on the table, the table doesn’t become a bosis only to the muktza. This way we are able to move the table on Shabbos if we need to.
Based on Halacha shiur from Rabbi Y. Schusterman, muktza part V
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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The Navi Yeshaya said a famous nevuah about Kibbutz Galuyos, Hashem gathering back all of the Yidden when Moshiach comes. This is the first posuk of this nevuah:
וְהָיָה בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יוֹסִיף ה׳ שֵׁנִית יָדוֹ לִקְנוֹת אֶת שְׁאָר עַמּוֹ אֲשֶׁר יִשָּׁאֵר מֵאַשּׁוּר וּמִמִּצְרַיִם וּמִפַּתְרוֹס וּמִכּוּשׁ וּמֵעֵילָם וּמִשִּׁנְעָר וּמֵחֲמָת וּמֵאִיֵּי הַיָּם
Vehaya Bayom Hahu — This will happen in the days of Moshiach:
Yosif Hashem Sheinis Yado — Hashem will stretch out His hand again, like in the times of Yetziyas Mitzrayim
Liknos Es She’ar Amo — To take the rest of His nation
Asher Yisha’er — That are left in many places:
Me’Ashur UmiMitzrayim, Umipasros UmiKush Ume’Eilam UmiShin’ar UmeiChamas — From Ashur and from Mitzrayim, and from Pasros and from Kush, and from Eilam and from Shin’ar and from Chamas
Ume’Iyei Hayam — And from the islands of the sea.
Just like in the times of Yetziyas Mitzrayim, when Hashem took out every Yid from Golus, Hashem will again take out every Yid from this Golus!
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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