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CHUMASH
Parshas Netzavim - Revi'i with Rashi
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In today’s Chumash, Moshe Rabbeinu tells the Yidden what will happen to them in the times of Golus. After all of their tzaros, they will do teshuvah and Hashem will bring the Geulah!
Don’t worry Yidden, it’s never too late
Even if your aveiros are very great.
Even if the scary Tochacha comes true
And even if into Golus Hashem sends you.
You will do Teshuvah, and Hashem will forgive!
Back to Eretz Yisroel you will go to live.
From Golus you will all go out, it’s true —
And Hashem will also — He was in Golus too!
No matter how far away a Yid might become
Hashem will take them all out of Golus, one by one
(Do you know when this will happen and how?
It’s our mitzvos that bring Moshiach NOW!)
Then Hashem will do a “bris” on our heart
To take off the Yetzer Hara part!
We’ll be able to serve Hashem perfectly
And the world will look just like Hashem wants it to be!
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Today’s shiur Tehillim is the first half of kapitel Kuf-Yud-Tes. Since this kapitel is so long, we will finish it tomorrow! We also say the three kapitelach for Chodesh Elul: Ayin-Gimmel, Ayin-Daled, and Ayin-Hey.
The last posuk of today’s Tehillim, which starts with a Lamed, is “Lechol Tichla Ra’isi Keitz, Rechava Mitzvas’cha Me’od.” “I have seen an end to every goal, but Your mitzva is very wide.”
The Alter Rebbe explains that “Lechol Tichla” is like the words “Klos Hanefesh,” which means that the neshama wants to become close to Hashem. For all of these feelings, there is an end! There is only so much a person can love Hashem and come close to Hashem by just wanting.
But a mitzvah — “Rechava Mitzvas’cha Me’od” — a mitzvah has NO limits, it connects us to Hashem more than anything else! We will get to see how high we reach through our mitzvos only in the time of Techiyas Hameisim!
The Rebbe Rashab also explains this posuk even deeper according to Chassidus, in his famous hemshech Tof-Reish-Samach-Vov. (A hemshech is a group of maamorim that are connected to each other, and help us understand one inyan very very well. This sefer has 61 maamorim, and explains why Hashem made the world.)
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TANYA
Igeres Hakodesh Siman Yud-Tes
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This letter in Igeres Hakodesh is an explanation of inyonim in Chassidus. One of the inyonim explained here is the difference between what a Navi sees and what a Chochom understands about Hashem. Today we will learn the question that starts the explanation.
We learned in Parshas Ki Sisa that Moshe Rabbeinu asked for permission to see Hashem.
Hashem said he would be able to, but only the “back.” A person is not able to see the “face” of Hashem.
But if you look in Kabbalah and Chassidus, you will see that a person CAN understand what the “face” of Hashem means. In fact, if you learn this Igeres Hakodesh well, you can learn it right here!
Does that mean that the Arizal, and anyone else who knows Kabbalah, knew MORE than Moshe Rabbeinu? How could that be? Doesn’t it say in the end of Chumash that there will never be another Navi as great as Moshe Rabbeinu?
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In today’s Hayom Yom, we learn that Hashem bentches the month of Tishrei. That gives us the koach to bentch each new month on Shabbos Mevorchim the rest of the year!
Minhagim and Reminders for Shabbos Mevorchim Tishrei (which was Chof-Hey Elul the year Hayom Yom was first printed):
- Say the whole Tehillim in the morning of Shabbos Mevorchim. Farbreng.
- On Shabbos Selichos, we say Selichos after midnight, but all the rest of the days we say Selichos in the morning.
- When we lein Netzavim and Vayelech separately, Shvi’i and Maftir are the same!
The Alter Rebbe teaches us something that he heard from the Maggid, who heard it from the Baal Shem Tov! It is about Shabbos Mevorchim Tishrei — where we DON’T bentch the Chodesh in Davening!
Why don’t we give a bracha to the month of Tishrei? Because HASHEM gives the bracha Himself!
What is this bracha? We can see this bracha in the parsha we lein on Shabbos Mevorchim Tishrei: Parshas Netzavim.
The parsha starts “Atem Netzavim Hayom” — “you are standing today.”
“Today” means Rosh Hashana, the Yom HaDin (day of judgment). “Netzavim” means standing strong — winning the case and getting a Shana Tova!
Tishrei is the seventh month. It is so full of brachos from Hashem! It gives the koach to fill up the rest of the year too with Hashem’s brachos. It is with the koach of Hashem’s bracha for this special month that we are able to bentch all of the other months ourselves!
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Today we learn the first 2 mitzvos about Terumah:
1) (Mitzvas Asei #126) That we need to give the first part of the food we grow, called Terumah Gedolah, to the kohen. (This mitzvah is only kept in Eretz Yisroel.)
2) (Mitzvas Asei #129) The Leviim need to give maaser from the maaser they get from Yidden, to give to the kohen. This is called “Terumas Maaser” or “Maaser Min HaMaaser.” They need to give the BEST part to the kohen!
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In today’s Rambam, we are starting to learn the halachos of Terumos. There are 8 mitzvos in these 15 perakim. Three mitzvos about separating the Terumah, and five mitzvos are about who can eat it.
Perek Alef: The Rambam starts talking about WHERE the food needs to grow to need to take Terumah.
Perek Beis: Then the Rambam talks about the KINDS of foods that need Terumah, like if we need to take Terumah from Leket, or Pe’ah, or Hefker foods. We learn what happens if the food becomes tomei or mixed up with other foods. We also learn about making a bracha when we take Terumah, and not taking it outside of Eretz Yisroel, because it will become Tamei.
Perek Gimmel: Now we learn the first 3 mitzvos, which are: separating Terumah, separating Terumas Maaser, and doing them in the right order.
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The Rambam teaches us about not tricking people when we sell something. We can’t paint an old car to make it look new, or put fancy apples on the top of a bag of rotten ones so someone will buy it. But we ARE allowed to give out balloons or candies to kids who come to our store so they will want to come back!
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Today is Chof-Hey Elul — the day when Hashem made the world! Rosh Hashana is really the SIXTH day of Creation, when Hashem made Adam Harishon!
The Arizal says that special dates on the Jewish calendar are really b’ruchnius happening again every year! We can get the special kochos of the day by learning about it in Torah. There is a minhag of Chassidim (that the Rebbe told us about) to learn the part of Parshas Bereishis that talks about what Hashem created on that day!
On the first day of creating the world, Hashem said “Yehi Ohr” — there should be light. We also need to make sure that we fill the world with light — the light of Torah!
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Musaf is an extra Shemoneh Esrei we add on Shabbos and special days. Musaf is instead of bringing the Korban Musaf, the korbanos in honor of the day.
Musaf is set up with three brachos at the beginning to praise Hashem, one bracha in the middle about the korbanos that were brought in the Beis Hamikdash on this Yom Tov, and three brachos at the end thanking Hashem.
In the Musaf of Rosh Hashana, we have THREE brachos in the middle!
1) Malchiyos — We say pesukim that speak about the Malchus of Hashem. Saying these words helps us to accept Hashem as King, Kabolas Ol Malchus Shomayim! (In this bracha, we also mention the extra korbanos of Rosh Hashana that were brought in the Beis Hamikdash.)
2) Zichronos — We say pesukim asking Hashem to remember us (zikaron) for good on this special day.
3) Shofros — All of these things happen through the mitzvah of Shofar on Rosh Hashana! We say pesukim that mention the shofar and what it accomplishes.
In each of these sections, we say ten pesukim. The first three pesukim come from Torah, the next three from Navi, and then three more from Kesuvim. Then we say one last posuk from Torah.
Chassidus explains why we bring these pesukim from the Torah: Showing how the Torah says that Hashem has to be our Melech (Malchiyos), that Hashem needs to remember us (Zichronos), and that this happens through the shofar (Shofros), gives the koach that it will actually happen! (See Likutei Sichos chelek Beis p. 399)
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On Rosh Hashana, we eat many special foods!
On the first night of Rosh Hashana, we eat foods that are “lesiman tov,” foods that hint to brachos.
Although the Shulchan Aruch mentions many foods to be eaten for a good siman, here are the main ones we should make sure to have, according to our minhag:
We dip an apple in honey at the seudah, asking Hashem to give us a Shana Tova Umesukah! (Apples are not only a sweet fruit, but they hint to special inyonim in Kabbalah!) This is the only food we say a “Yehi Ratzon” for according to Minhag Chabad.
Then we eat a Rimon, a pomegranate. We want to be packed full of mitzvos like a pomegranate is full of seeds! We don’t say a Shehecheyanu on the pomegranate, even if we are having it for the first time this year. (We rely on the Shehecheyanu of Kiddush.)
We also eat the head of a fish! We want to remember to be like a head, and not like a tail! (In the Shulchan Aruch, it actually tells us to eat the head of a ram, to remind us of Akeidas Yitzchak, but practically nowadays it would be very hard to get a head of a ram.)
On the second night of Rosh Hashana, we should have a new fruit, but this is for a different reason. It is so we will be able to make a Shehecheyanu on the second night, which we will learn about later IY”H!
See the Alter Rebbe’s Shulchan Aruch, siman Tof-Kuf-Pey-Gimmel; Halachos U’Minhagei Chabad, p. 14
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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When Moshiach comes, all of the Yidden will do teshuvah!
The Navi Malachi tells us that Hashem will first send Eliyahu Hanavi to help the Yidden be ready. But it will first be the children that will understand, and they will help their parents to come closer to Hashem!
וְהֵשִׁיב לֵב אָבוֹת עַל בָּנִים וְלֵב בָּנִים עַל אֲבוֹתָם פֶּן אָבוֹא וְהִכֵּיתִי אֶת הָאָרֶץ חֵרֶם
Veheishiv Leiv Avos Al Banim — The children will help their parents to do teshuvah and come closer to Hashem
Veleiv Banim Al Avosam — And then the parents will help their children too!
Pen Avo — This way, it won’t happen that when Moshiach comes, the Yidden will not have done teshuvah
Vehikeisi Es Ha’aretz Cheirem — And Hashem will need to punish the world.
(Even though this is a good nevuah, in the sefarim of Nach, the sefer ends by again writing the posuk before this one, about Eliyahu Hanavi, in order to finish off with happy words!)
When the Rebbe made the campaign for Tzivos Hashem, and also for children to learn Sefer Hamitzvos, he connected it with this posuk! This posuk tells us that children will be the ones to help their parents to live the way Hashem wants, including learning Rambam. The parents will learn from the example of their children, and will want to become better!
See Malachi perek Gimmel perek Chof-Daled
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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