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CHUMASH
Parshas Terumah - Revi'i with Rashi
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In Parshas Terumah, Hashem is telling Moshe Rabbeinu how to build the home for Hashem’s Shechinah to rest, the Mishkan. We learned already about the Aron, Shulchan, Menorah, and Yerios.
Today we will learn about the Kerashim, the boards for the walls of the Mishkan, and how they should be put together.
The Kerashim should be made from tall, narrow pieces of wood covered with gold. They should be attached to each other at the top with square silver pieces. At the bottom, the pieces of the wood should have two pieces sticking out, like a plug, and over those parts there should be silver boxes, adanim, covering them.
Hashem tells Moshe Rabbeinu exactly how many Kerashim to make to build the walls of the Mishkan.
On the outside of the Kerashim there should be rings. Long bars, called Berichim, should be put through the rings to attach the Kerashim of each wall together.
Another long bar, called the Briach Hatichon, should be put through a hole inside of the Kerashim. This bar would need to be put through the WHOLE wall of the Mishkan — even around the corners! This was actually a big neis!
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In today’s Tehillim we have a posuk that says “Hashem Oz Le’amo Yitein, Hashem Yevarech Es Amo Bashalom.” “Hashem gives strength to His nation, Hashem bentches His nation with shalom.”
What exactly is Hashem giving to us? In Torah Shebaal Peh we learn that this posuk is talking about Torah!
The Chachomim explain that Oz (strength) means Torah — Hashem gives us the Torah, which gives us strength.
How does Torah give us strength? When we learn Torah and we know that the words of Torah that we are saying are the words that were said by Moshe Rabbeinu on Har Sinai, and were revealed to us by the tzadikim and Chachomim throughout the generations, we will know we are saying THEIR words! These holy words give strength to our neshama and makes our Yetzer Hara weaker, so we are able to be successful in our shlichus.
See Torah Ohr parshas Yisro
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TANYA
Likutei Amarim Perek Chof-Zayin
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A Yid shouldn’t get upset that he always has to make sure he doesn’t think about the bad thoughts that come into his mind. Every time he pushes away a bad thought and thinks about something else instead, especially something about kedusha, it brings a great nachas to Hashem!
Hashem has two different kinds of nachas: Nachas from tzadikim, and nachas from Yidden who are trying to be a beinoni.
A tzadik takes the Yetzer Hara and makes it into kedusha, making it into something sweet! That brings Hashem one kind of nachas.
But a beinoni still has the thoughts from the Yetzer Hara inside — he still has something bitter. But because he is staying in control of himself, he is using the bitterness of the Yetzer Hara for something good, by pushing it away and doing what Hashem wants! This brings a different kind of nachas to Hashem.
We can understand this from thinking about different kinds of nosh. There’s sweet kinds of nosh, like candy or lollipops, and there’s also yummy spicy potato chips or Bissli. They have two very different tastes, but they are both delicious! The tzadik’s avodah is like sweet nachas for Hashem, and our avodah brings Hashem the other kind of nachas, like from spicy things!
We can be very happy that our iskafya (pushing away the bad thoughts) gives Hashem a special kind of nachas — one that Hashem can’t even get from a tzadik!
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Every Yid is a shliach of Hashem. With Hashgacha Protis, Hashem puts each person where they are in order to clean and purify the world with the words of Torah and Tefillah. This is important for ALL of us to do.
In many places in the Rebbe’s Igros Kodesh, the Rebbe tells people to have a perek of Tanya and a few perakim of Mishnayos that they know by heart, so that in their free time and wherever they are, they will have words of Torah that they can think about and review.
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In today’s Sefer Hamitzvos, we have two more mitzvos about a mashkon, something that you use to show you will pay back a loan — one is a Mitzvas Asei (a mitzvah we do) and the other one is a Mitzvas Lo Saasei (a mitzvah of something we don’t do).
1) (Mitzvas Asei #199) We have to let the person use the mashkon at the time that he needs it. If the mashkon is something he uses at night, like a pillow, we need to give it back to him at night. If it’s something he works with during the day, we need to give it back to him during the day.
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Ki Seitzei: הָשֵׁב תָּשִׁיב לוֹ אֶת הָעֲבוֹט כְּבוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ
The details are explained in Perek Tes of Mesechta Bava Metziah.
2) (Mitzvas Lo Saasei #240) This is the matching Mitzvas Lo Saasei: We can’t keep the mashkon at the time when the person needs it.
This mitzvah is also learned from a posuk in Parshas Ki Seitzei: לֹא תִשְׁכַּב בַּעֲבֹטוֹ
And the details are also explained in Perek Tes of Mesechta Bava Metziah.
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In today’s Rambam, we learn more about loans.
Perek Yud teaches us the halachos of borrowing food. We have to be careful when borrowing food, because it might be worth more when it is paid back, which would be like taking interest.
Perek Yud-Alef teaches us the difference between a loan made without a shtar (contract), and a loan made with a shtar.
We also start to learn about how orphans pay back a loan that their parents took.
In Perek Yud-Beis, we learn more about how a loan is paid back with money inherited by orphans.
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In today’s first perek, the Rambam tells us about MANY important inyanim we need to know about kashrus! Here are some of them:
- Ben Yomo — if a pot was used on that same day to cook non-kosher food
- Toiveling dishes
- We don’t need to kasher a dish only used for cold non-kosher food
- Kashering pots and dishes that were used for non-kosher hot food (hagalah)
- The special halachos of kashering knives
- Bishul Akum (food cooked by a non-Jew)
- Pas Akum (bread baked by a non-Jew)
- Aino Oleh Al Shulchan Melachim — food that a king wouldn’t serve at his table doesn’t need to be Bishul Yisroel
We also learn about the issur of “Bal Teshaktzu,” not doing things that are disgusting, like eating from dirty dishes. This issur also includes that if a person needs to go to the bathroom, he HAS to take care of it right away!
The Rambam finishes this set of halachos by reminding us that these things are what make us holy, to be like Hashem!
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If you read the Frierdiker Rebbe’s Memoirs, Sefer Hazichronos, which has stories that happened to or were told to the Alter Rebbe’s father, you will see how poshute Yidden acted in those days. One thing that you will see many times is how they would say Tehillim with tears and a broken heart.
But in our generation, the Rebbe tells us that we need lots of encouragement. So when we say Tehillim, it should be with simcha and bitachon and a positive attitude.
There is a famous story with the Tzemach Tzedek:
One chossid had a son who was very sick. He came to the Tzemach Tzedek and asked what to do? The Tzemach Tzedek told him, “Tracht Gut Vet Zain Gut” — he should have simcha and bitachon that his son would get better, even though the doctors were telling him that the situation was very dangerous.
That’s the kind of avodah we need to do nowadays. And not just for health of the body — even more so for health of the neshama! When we say Tehillim it should be with simcha and bitachon.
See maamar Margela Bepumei DeRava 5746
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After Boruch She’amar on Shabbos, we don’t say Mizmor Lesodah. That is because the Korban Todah was not brought in the Beis Hamikdash on Shabbos.
Instead, we say a different kapitel, Mizmor Shir LeYom HaShabbos. It was the Shir Shel Yom that the Leviim sang in the Beis Hamikdash on Shabbos. It speaks about what will happen when Moshiach comes.
Then we say the next kapitel of Tehillim, Kapitel Tzadik-Gimmel, which starts with the words “Hashem Malach.” It is a continuation of the kapitel before, and speaks about how when Moshiach comes, Hashem will punish the resha’im who destroyed the Beis Hamikdash.
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We learned that there are two kinds of Havdalah — the Havdalah that we say over a cup of wine, and Havdalah that we say in Maariv, the paragraph of Ata Chonantanu. The Chachomim taught us that we should do both!
So what happens if someone is davening Maariv, and forgets to say Ata Chonantanu?
If he didn’t say Hashem’s name yet at the end of the bracha of Ata Chonen, he should go back and say Havdalah, and continue Shemoneh Esrei from there.
If he already said Hashem’s name in the bracha, though, he shouldn’t go back. He should just finish Shemoneh Esrei without Havdalah, because he will be able to make the other Havdalah afterwards — the Havdalah on a kos of wine.
But there is something very important to remember: Even though he davened the weekday Shemoneh Esrei of Maariv, he didn’t say Havdalah yet, so it is still Shabbos for him! He is not allowed to do any melacha, even lighting the match for the Havdalah candle! So he should be careful not to do any melacha before saying Boruch Hamavdil. Then he should do the mitzvah of Havdalah by saying Havdalah over a cup of wine.
See Alter Rebbe’s Shulchan Aruch siman Reish-Tzadik-Daled se’if Gimmel and Se’if Zayin
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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In today’s Chumash, the posuk describes the poles for the walls of the Mishkan as “Atzei Shitim Omdim,” sticks of wood that were standing upright.
The Gemara explains that this isn’t only talking about the way these poles were set up. The posuk is saying that these poles are “Omdim,” they are standing forever. The Mishkan is not only something that stood in the times of the Midbar, but the walls of the Mishkan will still stand when Moshiach comes!
The Medrash also says that the whole Mishkan is hiding, but we will find it when Moshiach comes, and Hashem will again rest there.
See Gemara Sukkah 45b
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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