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CHUMASH
Parshas Ki Sisa - Shlishi with Rashi
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After Hashem told Moshe that He would send a malach with the Yidden instead of Hashem Himself, Moshe said that he doesn’t agree! He asked Hashem to please take care of the Yidden Himself.
Hashem said okay, that He would go with the Yidden Himself.
Moshe said, “Yes, that’s what we want — without Hashem coming, we don’t want to go to Eretz Yisroel at all!”
Moshe also asked for another thing: That the Yidden be different (Veniflinu) than any other nations — Hashem should only dwell among the Yidden.
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One of the things it talks about in Kapitel Pey-Tes is how Hashem gave the melucha (the special job to be the Yiddishe kings) to Dovid Hamelech and his children. “Zaro Le’olam Yihiyeh” — “his children will be forever.”
Now we don’t have any Yiddishe king, so what happens to Hashem’s promise?
Moshiach comes from Dovid Hamelech, so Hashem’s promise to Dovid Hamelech really does go forever! We will see that our king Moshiach comes from the family of Dovid!
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TANYA
Likutei Amarim Perek Lamed
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The Alter Rebbe is showing us how it’s possible for a person to truly feel humble before ANY person.
By looking at a person that we think is such a rasha, we see how the situation he is in makes the fight with the Yetzer Hara very very hard! It’s a real nisayon!
Now we need to ask ourselves: Am I winning over MY nisyonos when they are as hard as his?
For example, it is a big nisayon to wake up every morning and prepare for davening and daven properly. We have a lot of excuses! I woke up late, there was no more cereal, my friends aren’t davening with kavana, there were too many exciting things happening in shul, I wasn’t in the mood…
But guess what? He has those excuses too!
He was tired, his friends do those aveiros too, there are all these exciting things happening and it’s hard to miss out, he’s not in the mood to do mitzvos…
If we compare our nisyonos to those of a big rasha, we see that we don’t have anything to be proud of. We should be very humble!
This feeling humble will take away the Yetzer Hara’s block on our heart, and will allow us to have zerizus in our Avodas Hashem and have koach to overcome the Yetzer Hara and do what we need to do.
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After you eat a cookie, you know that you make a special Bracha Acharona, Al Hamichya.
But did you know that after you have a cup of grape juice, or after you eat a pile of dates, you also need to make a special Bracha Acharona? Borei Nefashos is good for MOST drinks and MOST fruits, but the special foods of the Shivas Haminim get a special Bracha Acharona!
What bracha is that?
It’s actually the same as Al Hamichya, also called the bracha Me’ein Shalosh! Depending on which of the special foods we ate, we start and finish with different words. For example, for Mezonos we start with “Al Hamichya,” for Hagafen we start with “Al Hagefen,” and for the fruits of Eretz Yisrael we start with “Al Ha’eitz.”
So what if we eat Mezonos AND drink a cup of grape juice? Do we say this Bracha Acharona twice, just with those different words?
No! We put the words of both kinds together, saying “Al Hamichya Ve’al Hagefen.”
In today’s Hayom Yom, the Rebbe tells us something to do in our nusach so we should this bracha the right way!
If we drink wine AND eat fruit that are from the Shiva Minim, we end off the bracha a little differently: We say “Baruch Ata Hashem, Al Ha’aretz Ve’al Pri Hagafen VE’hapeiros” instead of “Ve’al Hapeiros.”
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Today, we learn the same mitzvah again (Mitzvas Asei #248) — that we need to give the yerusha (inheritance) to the right people as it says in the Torah. This includes that the bechor gets a double portion.
We learn this mitzvah from Parshas Pinchas: אִישׁ כִּי יָמוּת וּבֵן אֵין לוֹ
The halachos are explained in Mesechta Bava Basra perakim Ches and Tes.
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Perek Vov: In this perek, we learn that we are not allowed to change who is supposed to get the yerusha! A person can give away his property as a present, to keep his son from getting it, but he can’t say that his son doesn’t get part of the yerusha, because that is given by the Torah.
But the Chachomim teach us that it is NOT a good thing for a person to give away all of a his property to keep the children from getting a part of the yerusha.
Perek Zayin teaches us that the Beis Din doesn’t let someone have their part of the yerusha until they are sure that the person really passed away. So if the father disappeared when he was on a long trip, the sons don’t get the yerusha even if they think that their father must have passed away.
Perek Ches is a very short perek! The Rambam teaches us that we don’t let a different relative take care of a field for a child under Bar Mitzvah who got it as a yerusha. That’s because that relative might then say that it was HIS field that he got as a yerusha, and people could believe him, since after all, he is a relative.
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In this perek, we learn the halachos about the mitzvah of Shiluach HaKein, sending away the mother bird before taking her babies or eggs from her nest.
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In today’s Chumash, we learn that Moshe Rabbeinu wanted the Yidden to be different from all of the other nations.
It isn’t always easy to be different.
The Medrashim say that starting from the very moment of Matan Torah, the Goyim were already laughing at the Yidden for keeping all of the mitzvos. Nowadays also, people laugh at us or criticize us for following what Hashem asks us to do.
That is why the beginning of the whole Shulchan Aruch which teaches us how to behave according to the Torah is what Yehudah ben Teima says: “Be bold like a leopard!” That means not to be embarrassed by what other people think. By keeping the mitzvos, we WILL look different than others. They might laugh at us, and say that we are doing something wrong. If we let that stop us from doing even just a few mitzvos, it will eventually be hard to do ANY mitzvos.
At the time of Matan Torah, the Yidden were strong in their Emunah in Hashem. They realized that since Hashem runs the world, He knows what is best. They understood that we need to behave the way Hashem tells us to!
The same is true today. Even if other people think we are strange for following the halachos of Torah, we should be bold like a leopard and not worry about what they think or say.
We know that Veniflinu — we are different because we have a special Shlichus to keep the Torah and Mitzvos! We are different because we are Hashem’s nation. We are PROUD to be different!
That’s why this is the beginning of the Shulchan Aruch, because it is the yesod that makes keeping the whole Shulchan Aruch possible.
See Igros Kodesh vol. 18, p. 49
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After Vayevarech Dovid, we say the praise of Hashem from the Torah. This praise is the Shirah, the song that the Yidden sang at Kriyas Yam Suf.
We start with the pesukim of Vayosha, the pesukim that come before Az Yashir in the Torah. These pesukim tell us a little bit about the nissim that happened before the Yidden sang to Hashem.
One of the reasons we say Az Yashir here is to praise Hashem from all parts of Torah. First we praise Hashem from Nach (the parts of Pesukei Dezimra that come from Tehillim, and Vayevarech Dovid, from Divrei HaYamim and Sefer Nechemyah). Then, we praise Hashem in the words of the Torah itself! Even though Chumash should really come before Nach, the Zohar explains that we say Az Yashir later so it is closer to Shema, which is a higher level in davening.
There are also many other reasons for why we say Az Yashir here. One of them is that it has some of the words of praise we will say to Hashem in Yishtabach.
See Mesechta Shel Tefillah
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The whole world belongs to Hashem. So we really can’t eat or drink anything without permission from Hashem! Hashem gives us permission to take it, as long as we say a bracha. Otherwise, it’s like stealing from Hashem!
Even if we just eat a little bit, we still need to say a bracha.
After we eat, we need to thank Hashem that we ate! We only make this Bracha Acharona if we ate enough to be counted as eating. How much is that? For food, it’s a kezayis (about as big as an egg), and for a drink, it has to be at least a revi’is (about a half cup).
But we need to be careful with wine or grape juice! There is a machlokes about how much a person needs to drink in order to make a Bracha Acharona. There is an opinion that even just drinking a little is enough to count as drinking!
So the halacha is that l’chatchila, we should always try to drink at least a revi’is so we can make a Bracha Acharona according to all opinions. But bedieved, if we didn’t drink enough, the halacha is like with any other drink, and we don’t make a Bracha Acharona.
Seder Birchas Hanehenin, Perek Ches, Halacha Alef
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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When Moshe Rabbeinu was born, Yidden were very happy. Among each other, they spoke about the fact that Amram, the Jewish leader of the time, had a baby boy Moshe!
When Moshe was taken to Paraoh’s palace, the Yidden were very worried. Their holy leader Amram’s son was taken away!
When Moshe ran away from Mitzrayim, Yidden didn’t forget about him. They always remembered him and spoke about him, until Hashem had Rachmonus and listened to what the Yidden were davening for. Then the Geulah came through Moshe Rabbeinu.
The same is true with this last Golus. We need to constantly talk about and think about Moshiach, and he will come!
See Sefer Hasichos Tof-Reish-Tzadik-Tes p. 330
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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