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CHUMASH
Parshas Vezos Habracha - Chamishi with Rashi
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Moshe is giving brachos to the Shevatim before he passes away:
First Moshe gives a bracha to Shevet Dan: They live in a place near the border, and they get a bracha to be very strong to keep the Yidden safe!
To Shevet Naftali: They are happy with the part of Eretz Yisroel Hashem gave them! They will be able to catch a lot of fish in the Kinneres, which is in their part.
Asher should have many sons. They will make the rest of the Yidden happy because they will trade oil and fruit for grain. Asher’s daughters will be beautiful, and the rest of the Yidden will want to marry them.
Shevet Asher will have so much olive oil!
The mountains in Asher’s part of Eretz Yisroel have metal inside, and they protect the Yidden from anyone coming to attack the Yidden from the top (north) of Eretz Yisroel.
Now Moshe gives a bracha to ALL of the Yidden:
Your soldiers are strong, and keep the borders of Eretz Yisroel safe, as if they were locked tightly with metal locks that can’t be broken!
All of your life will be wonderful, and you will have plenty of parnasa — as much as you serve Hashem every day.
There is no one like Hashem! Hashem helps you, and keeps you safe.
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In Kapitel Pey-Tes, there’s a posuk, “Ki Amarti Olam Chesed Yibaneh” — Hashem said, “I will build a world of chesed.”
Chassidus explains that Hashem created the world with the midah of Chesed. Why did Hashem choose this midah?
To use the midah of Chesed, there needs to be someone else to give to or help. We see this with Avraham Avinu, whose strongest midah was the midah of Chesed. When there were no guests, it bothered him very much! Without someone to GIVE to, you can’t use Chesed.
This is one of the reasons Hashem created the world — so that He could show His Chesed! In order to use Hashem’s midah of Chesed, there needed to be a world to do Chesed for!
Hashem also gave each of us the Midah of Chesed! We use our Chesed when we have Ahavas Yisroel to help another Yid.
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TANYA
Igeres Hakodesh Siman Chof-Gimmel
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In this letter, the Alter Rebbe is telling chassidim how important it is not to waste time in Shul between davening Mincha and Maariv — they should use that time to learn Torah! The Alter Rebbe tells us what happens when ten Yidden come together for a minyan, and when we understand that, we will never even WANT to waste our time there!
The Gemara says that when one Yid sits and learns Torah, Hashem gives him a REWARD. When TEN Yidden come together, Hashem RESTS there.
What is the difference?
The reward is that Hashem gives the Yid a chance to UNDERSTAND Hashem’s Torah and to FEEL how Hashem is there with him when he is learning. This also is the way a Yid feels sometimes when he davens, which can be a reward for learning Torah. Even though the neshama can feel this light of Hashem shining, it is limited to the amount that the neshama can handle.
Tomorrow we will IY”H see what it means that Hashem rests there when there is a minyan. We will see that even though it is something that the neshama can’t feel the same way (b’pnimius), it isn’t limited!
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Today the Rebbe tells us the way we do Hoshaanos in Chabad: (Hoshaanos is when we take our Lulav and go around the Bimah, saying the words “Hoshaana — Hashem save us!”)
If one of the days was Shabbos, we say the Hoshaana for BOTH days on Sunday, but we only go around the Bimah once.
The paragraphs of Hoshaanos are in Alef-Beis order, with a few words for each letter. We say the first part of each paragraph with the word “Hoshaana” before each letter, and we do it to ourselves while standing still. (“Hoshaana Adon Hamoshia, Hoshaana Biltecha Ein Lehoshia, Hoshaana Gibor Umoshia.”)
At the letter Samach or Ayin, we start to go around the Bimah, and the Chazan starts to say it out loud. Now we say “Hoshaana” before AND after the words (“Hoshaana Se’irim Lehania Hoshaana, Hoshaana Ananim Milehamnia Hoshaana.”)
We make sure to go all the way around the Bimah and end when we reach the last word of Hoshaanos, the word that starts with Tof.
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Today we learn two mitzvos about the Mizbeiach:
1) (Mitzvas Lo Saasei #79) We are not allowed to make the Mizbeiach out of stones that were cut with iron.
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Yisro: לֹא תִבְנֶה אֶתְהֶן גָּזִית כִּי חַרְבְּךָ הֵנַפְתָּ עָלֶיהָ וַתְּחַלֲלֶהָ
The details are explained in Mesechta Midos perek Gimmel.
2) (Mitzvas Lo Saasei #80) We are not allowed to go up to the Mizbeiach with steps, only with a ramp.
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Yisro: וְלֹא תַעֲלֶה בְמַעֲלֹת עַל מִזְבְּחִי וְגוֹ׳
The details are explained in Mesechta Midos perek Gimmel.
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RAMBAM
Hilchos Beis HaBechirah
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In today's Rambam, we learn about parts of the Beis Hamikdash!
Perek Beis: This perek teaches us about the Mizbeiach.
Perek Gimmel: We learn about the Menorah, the Shulchan, the Mizbeiach HaZahav, and the Kiyor.
Perek Daled: This perek has the measurements of the Heichal! It also tells us that when Shlomo Hamelech built the first Beis Hamikdash, he knew it would be destroyed. He had tunnels made underground to hide the Aron. Before the Churban, the king Yoshiyahu ordered that the Aron be hidden underground. We will take it out again for the Beis Hamikdash Hashlishi!
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In today’s Rambam, we learn more about a present from a person who is very sick (a “Shechiv MeRa”).
This perek explains what we do when the Shechiv Mera says that money belongs to another person, or if another person says that the Shechiv Mera owed him money.
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Today’s Ushpizin, special Sukkos guests, are Moshe Rabbeinu and the Mitteler Rebbe.
We know that Moshe Rabbeinu gave us the Torah. Even though he only wrote the Chumash, he taught us Torah Shebaal Peh — the halachos of how to keep it, with many details!
The Mitteler Rebbe also taught us Chassidus with many details. If you look in the Seforim of the Mitteler Rebbe, you will see Maamarim that are tens of pages long, while the Alter Rebbe’s are much shorter! This shows us how the Chassidus of the Mitteler Rebbe was taught with many details.
One of the things we can learn from our special guests today is that no matter how much we are already learning, there is always more to discover! Even when we already know something, there are always more details we didn’t notice before!
See sefer Maayanei Hayeshua
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In the Beis Hamikdash, there was a mitzvah for Yidden to go around the Mizbeiach on Sukkos.
To remember what happened in the Beis Hamikdash, the Chachomim taught us to do “Hoshaanos” on Sukkos. A Sefer Torah is brought to the bimah. Carrying our lulavim, we circle around the bimah once, while saying the “Hoshaanos” for that day. We ask Hashem to save us, using each of the letters of the Alef Beis.
Of course, it doesn’t take THAT long to circle around the bimah! Our minhag is that we stand near the bimah holding the lulav, while we say the Hoshaanos until about samach or ayin. Then we start circling around while finishing the Hoshaanos.
Afterwards we say another paragraph which starts with the words “Ani Vahu Hoshia Na.” At the end of this paragraph are the words “Hoshia Es Amecha” and another few pesukim, which is the end of the tefillah of Hoshaanos. In 770, this niggun was sung with the famous tune of Hoshia Es Amecha!
Then, the Sefer Torah is brought back to the Aron Kodesh.
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The halacha is that to go around the bima during Hoshaanos, we need to be holding a lulav and esrog.
What should we do if we don’t have one?
We should try to borrow a lulav and esrog from someone else, either someone who already did Hoshaanos or someone who isn’t up to there yet.
(When we wave the Lulav and Esrog in certain directions (“naanuim”) in Hallel, the same is true. If someone doesn’t have his own Lulav and Esrog, he should borrow one.)
See Shevach Hamoadim
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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If you came into the Beis Hamikdash on Sukkos, you would see something very different! Leaning up against the Mizbeiach were very, very long aravos. They were so tall that their tops bent over the top of the Mizbeiach!
Based on a halacha passed down from Moshe Rabbeinu (Halacha L’Moshe MiSinai), the Yidden would hold their lulavim and circle around the Mizbeiach. They would say, “Ana Hashem, Hoshia Na!”
On the seventh day of Sukkos, the Yidden would carry their lulavim and go around the Mizbeiach SEVEN times!
This was one of the special mitzvos of the holy Yom Tov of Sukkos in the Beis Hamikdash. May we be zoche to see the avodah of the Beis Hamikdash again, in Beis Hamikdash Hashlishi, b’karov mamosh!
See Rambam, Hilchos Shofar, Sukkah, Lulav Perek Zayin
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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