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CHUMASH
Parshas Noach - Chamishi with Rashi
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Hashem promises to never make a Mabul again to destroy the whole world. Hashem shows a rainbow as a sign of this promise.
Hashem had told Noach to have children, but Noach was afraid that there might be another Mabul. Even though Hashem told Noach not to worry, he was still afraid to have more children! So Hashem made a PROMISE with Noach and with everyone and every animal, never to destroy the world again. He gave Noach a sign to see that He will never do it again: A rainbow!
If Hashem sees that people need to do teshuvah, Hashem might send a storm somewhere in the world to show that there are people that DESERVE to get a Mabul. But a rainbow will shine through the clouds and Hashem will have Rachmonus and not destroy everyone.
Hashem showed Noach the rainbow so he would know what the sign looks like.
Why did Hashem choose a rainbow? A rainbow in the sky is made of light shining into a cloud with water in a certain way, that splits up the light into all of the colors. Before the Mabul, the world wasn’t able to make a rainbow — the sun couldn’t shine through the clouds, because they were too thick! But the Mabul made the world more aidel, and the clouds became more aidel too, to let the sun shine through to make rainbows. The more aidel world after the Mabul is also a world where we can do Teshuvah, which was harder to do before the Mabul! Now that it’s easier to do Teshuvah, we won’t ever NEED another Mabul!
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Today’s shiur Tehillim is kapitelach Yud through Yud-Zayin.
Before Dovid Hamelech became king, he was forced to run away from his enemies.
Some people said to him then that he must have done aveiros, because he was suffering so much! In Kapitel Yud-Alef, Dovid Hamelech says that this is not true — this was a test, not a punishment. “Hashem Tzadik Yivchan,” Hashem tests a tzadik!
In fact, a test is sometimes what SHOWS that someone is a tzadik!
Rashi says on this posuk that we can see an example of this from how linen is made. For the threads to be very soft, the stalks of flax need to be beaten. But if the flax is not good quality, it can’t be hit as hard, because the stalks will break. The same thing is with a person: Only a tzadik, who is strong, can have these kinds of hard tests from Hashem!
Dovid Hamelech said that the same was true here: Hashem knows the truth, that he didn’t do the aveiros people were blaming him for, and the reason he was being chased was because it was a test from Hashem.
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TANYA
Igeres Hakodesh Siman Chof-Hey
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Today the Alter Rebbe finishes explaining the vort of the Baal Shem Tov that we’ve been learning over the last few days, about what to do if someone is bothering you during davening.
But first we review about what to do if anything at all is bothering you, from someone or something else that can make you angry.
There are three KINDS of things that can make a person angry:
1. Something happened that you don’t like. For that we learned before that the Chachomim say that we need to make our emunah stronger so that we remember that it is B’Hashgacha Protis. Hashem made it happen and we should just think about Hashem, not the other person.
2. Someone said or did something that is an aveira and you can stop it. Then it’s Hashgacha Protis but you need to say or do something to stop it. The Alter Rebbe tells us a story from that Torah where Moshe became angry to stop Yidden from doing something they shouldn’t have been doing.
3. Someone is doing something wrong but there isn’t anything you can do about it. You are doing Mivtzoyim at a fair, and you stop to daven Mincha. All of a sudden, a band starts playing loud goyishe music. That’s what the Baal Shem Tov is talking about. You know it’s Hashgacha Protis but there is something you still need to do!
You need to think about (what we learned earlier) that Hashem’s Shechinah is in Golus in the people singing the goyishe music. Hashem is making you hear it because He wants you to concentrate harder on the davening. Then you will have used out this opportunity Hashem sent to you in the right way!
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The Rebbe Rashab once said in a sicha the following story:
A little while after the Alter Rebbe became Rebbe, he said to the chassidim, “Men Badarf Leben Mit Der Tzeit!” — “we need to live with the time!” Chassidim wondered what this could mean. The Alter Rebbe’s brother, R’ Yehuda Leib (called the Maharil) was told what this meant and the older chassidim found out from him.
The “time” that the Alter Rebbe was talking about was the parsha of the week. And “living with the time” means that we shouldn’t just LEARN the parsha every day (like we do in Chitas), but we need to LIVE with it. We should be thinking about it all the time, and learning lessons for what to do now from the parsha of the week and the Chumash of each day!
In later years, the Rebbe would begin every farbrengen explaining how we can live with the lessons we learn from the time we are in. This included anything special about the day because of the time of year, the Yomim Tovim, or something that happened on that day recorded in Torah, and also the type of year — if it was a Shana Meuberes, a Shemitah year, or a Hakhel year, like this year! The Rebbe would constantly find a new meaning in each of these things and practical lessons we can learn from them. The Rebbe also taught how to live with the other shiurim of Chitas that we learn every day, like the daily Tehillim and especially the shiur in Rambam!
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SEFER HAMITZVOS
Shiur #162 - Mitzvas Asei #66, Lo Saasei #147, Asei #67, Lo Saasei #102, #103, #138
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Today’s we learn six mitzvos about Korbanos!
1) (Mitzvas Asei #66) When we bring a Korban Shelamim, we need to follow all of the rules of how to bring it!
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Vayikra: וְאִם זֶבַח שְׁלָמִים קָרְבָּנוֹ
The halachos of the four mitzvos with types of Korbanos (Olah, Chatas, Asham, Shelamim) are explained in Mesechta Zevachim, along with the halachos of all the mitzvos about how to bring them right.
2)(Mitzvas Lo Saasei #147) We can’t eat the Korbanos called Kodshim Kalim (like the Korban Todah and Korban Shelamim) before their blood is sprinkled on the Mizbeiach.
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Reeh: לֹא תוּכַל לֶאֱכֹל בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ וְגוֹ׳ וְנִדְבֹתֶיךָ
3) (Mitzvas Asei #67) When we bring a Korban Mincha (flour and oil) we need to follow the rules. There are many different types of Korban Mincha, and the mitzvah is to do each one of them the way it is described in the Torah. There is a whole Mesechta in Gemara explaining these halachos, called Mesechta Menachos. (We start to learn the halachos of this mitzvah in the last perek of today’s Rambam.)
וְנֶפֶשׁ כִּי תַקְרִיב קָרְבַּן מִנְחָה לַה׳ וְגוֹ׳ וְאִם מִנְחָה עַל הַמַּחֲבַת קָרְבָּנֶךָ וְגוֹ׳ וְאִם מִנְחַת מַרְחֶשֶׁת קָרְבָּנֶךָ
4) (Mitzvas Lo Saasei #102) We CAN’T mix olive oil into the Korban Mincha of someone who did an aveira, called a Minchas Chotei.
We learn this mitzvah from Parshas Vayikra: לֹא יָשִׂים עָלֶיהָ שֶׁמֶן
5) (Mitzvas Lo Saasei #103) We CAN’T mix levonah (a kind of spice) into a Minchas Chotei, a Korban Mincha for someone who did an aveira.
We learn this mitzvah from the next words in the same posuk: וְלֹא יִתֵּן עָלֶיהָ לְבֹנָה
6) (Mitzvas Lo Saasei #138) When a Kohen (or a Kohen Gadol) brings a Korban Mincha, the whole thing needs to be burned. None of it can be eaten!
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Tzav: וְכָל מִנְחַת כֹּהֵן כָּלִיל תִּהְיֶה לֹא תֵאָכֵל
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RAMBAM
Hilchos Maaseh HaKorbanos
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In today’s Rambam, we learn about eating Korbanos, and start learning about the Korban Mincha.
Perek Yud: We learn about eating the Korban Chatas, the Korban Asham, and the Mincha: We learn when and where and who can eat them!
Perek Yud-Alef: This perek teaches us about Korbanos that we are NOT allowed to eat.
Perek Yud-Beis: The Rambam teaches us some general rules about the Korban Mincha.
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This perek teaches us the halachos of Ben Hametzer: If someone wants to sell a field, they first need to offer it to their next-door neighbor, because it will be the easiest for him to use it.
Did you know that the malochim argued that they are the “Ben Hametzer” when Hashem wanted to give the Torah to the Yidden? They said that the Torah is from Shomayim, and they are from Shomayim. So THEY are the “next-door neighbors” to the Torah, and Hashem has to offer it to them first! We will learn more halachos tomorrow in Rambam that Moshe used to explain to them that the Torah really belongs to the Yidden who live in this world!
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Once at a farbrengen, the Rebbe spoke about how important it is to learn the Chassidishe parsha every week, the maamarim in Torah Ohr and Likutei Torah. The Rebbe said that this is not only for adults, but for kids too! Some people have a minhag to share a part of the Chassidishe Parsha even to children who are under Bar or Bas Mitzvah!
The Mabul happened in the times of Noach, but there is something that is like the Mabul in everyone’s life: The things we worry about. When someone is worried, it “floods” his head. Many people worry how Hashem will give them everything they need, like parnasa or health.
But there is a posuk in Shir Hashirim that teaches us that all of these worries can’t take away a person’s connection and love for Hashem. Not only that, they can make a person feel even CLOSER to Hashem!
All the things people worry about are Gashmius things, that have a strong chayus from Hashem hiding inside of them. When we use these things, WE get the chayus that was inside them! The extra chayus we can get from the Gashmius will make us even CLOSER to Hashem! When we use this chayus to help us daven and learn Torah, the chayus inside the Gashmius comes out, and becomes part of us.
So a person should never think that because he thinks about Gashmius all week, he can’t think about Hashem when he davens. The opposite is true: BECAUSE a person thinks about Gashmius all week, he got so much extra chayus that when he davens like a Chossid should on Shabbos, he will get to use all of that chayus to become so much closer to Hashem!
See Torah Ohr Parshas Noach
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The second posuk of the Twelve Pesukim starts with the words Shema Yisroel.
This is a posuk we all know, and we say it in davening and before we go to sleep!
The posuk Shema Yisroel has a very important message for us:
When the Yidden were in the Midbar, Hashem took care of everything for them. They had mahn to eat, their clothes grew with them, and the clouds washed their clothes! It was easy for them to see that Hashem is in charge!
When they came close to Eretz Yisroel, Moshe Rabbeinu spoke to the Yidden to get them ready for the new Avodah in Eretz Yisroel.
In Eretz Yisroel, there would be no more mahn. The clouds would not wash their clothes or smooth the way for them. They would see many new things — fields, wheat to grow, and animals to work with. It would be harder to remember who is in charge of the whole world!
So Moshe Rabbeinu reminded them:
Shema Yisroel! Listen, Yidden!
Hashem Elokeinu, Hashem Echod — Hashem, Who took care of us in the Midbar, is the same ONE Hashem Who takes care of every thing that happens in Eretz Yisroel!
We are not in the Midbar now, but the same message is still important!
Shema Yisroel — listen, Yidden!
Hashem Elokeinu, Hashem Echod — there is only One Hashem, and the whole world belongs to Hashem! Everything we see, and everything that happens, is all from Hashem.
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Hashem’s name is very holy! We are careful not to say it for no reason.
Even when Hashem’s name is just written, it has a special kedusha. If there is a paper with Hashem’s name on it, we treat it with kavod, and don’t throw it away. It becomes “Shaimos” (meaning “names”).
According to many Acharonim, this isn’t just for Hashem’s name written in Lashon Kodesh. If we write out Hashem’s name in ANY language, that also has kedusha!
Because of this, we are careful not to write Hashem’s name completely, even in English. We write “G-d” so that we don’t have Hashem’s full name written down.
See Shulchan Menachem vol. 5, p. 217
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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There are two reasons why Hashem brings rainbows.
The first one is what we learned in today’s Chumash, to show that Hashem will never bring another Mabul to destroy the world. Rainbows that come from this reason are not a happy sign — they are a sign that people really need to do teshuvah, and Hashem needs to have Rachmanus on them so they won’t be punished.
The Zohar also tells us another, much happier, reason why Hashem sends rainbows: The Zohar says that when it’s time for the Yidden to come out of Golus, a rainbow with bright colors will appear in the sky. When you see that rainbow, you should hope for Moshiach!
See Zohar parshas Noach 72b and Sefer Hasichos 5752 p. 66 ha’arah 100
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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