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CHUMASH
Parshas Re'eh - Rishon with Rashi
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In the period of time before Zayin Adar, the day of Moshe Rabbeinu’s histalkus, Moshe Rabbeinu is continuing to speak to the Yidden, so that they will be ready to go into Eretz Yisroel!
Moshe Rabbeinu tells the Yidden that they are about to go into Eretz Yisroel!
When the Yidden come into Eretz Yisroel, it won’t be as easy to keep Torah and mitzvos as it is in the Midbar. There will be many other nations around them, who serve Avodah Zarah and want the Yidden to copy them.
So right when they come into Eretz Yisroel, the Yidden will have a big rally to give them koach to do the right thing! This rally will take place on two mountains, Har Grizim and Har Eival. Moshe tells them where these mountains are.
The Yidden will split up, half on each mountain. The Leviim will stand between the mountains, and speak to the Yidden.
First the Leviim will turn to Har Grizim, and call out a very special bracha from Hashem — together with what the Yidden need to do to earn this bracha. All of the Yidden will answer: Amen.
Then the Leviim will turn to the other mountain, and do the opposite. They will call out a scary punishment from Hashem, and what aveiros would bring this kind of punishment. Again, the Yidden will answer, “Amen.”
Hearing that Hashem will give the Yidden such good things for doing mitzvos, and such scary punishments for doing aveiros, will give the Yidden koach to ONLY do mitzvos in Eretz Yisroel!
Moshe Rabbeinu tells the Yidden that they will see many nisim when they cross the Yarden. Those nisim will be a sign that they will be able to conquer Eretz Yisroel!
When the Yidden first come into Eretz Yisroel, there will be a lot of Avodah Zarah there, from the nations that used to live there. The Yidden should get rid of the Avodah Zarah that is easy to find right away. Even though there is more of it, they can wait until after Eretz Yisroel is completely conquered before they carefully look and get rid of ALL of the Avodah Zarah.
During these 14 years of conquering and splitting up Eretz Yisroel, the Mishkan won’t have a certain city where it will need to stay. During this time, the Yidden are allowed to set up a Mizbeiach anywhere to bring the kinds of korbanos that they CHOOSE to bring, Nedarim and Nedavos. (All of the other korbanos that they NEED to bring will still have to be brought only in the Mishkan.)
After those 14 years, the Mishkan will be properly set up, in Shilo. Then EVERYONE’S korbanos will ONLY be brought in the same place — in the Mishkan.
In tomorrow’s Chumash, we will see that Moshe Rabbeinu tells the Yidden something that will happen much later, that the Yidden will build a proper home for Hashem: The Beis Hamikdash!
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Today’s Tehillim is kapitelach Tzadik to Tzadik-Vov.
The first kapitel in today’s Tehillim was written by Moshe Rabbeinu. Dovid Hamelech later put it in Tehillim. It starts with the words “Tefillah LeMoshe, Ish HaElokim.” “This is a Tefillah by Moshe Rabbeinu, a person of Hashem.”
Why is Moshe Rabbeinu called “a person of Hashem”?
Hashem is everything and everything is Hashem — but we can’t see that! Hashem made the world because Hashem wants Yidden to act according to Torah and mitzvos and make a Dira Betachtonim.
But if we can’t see Hashem, how do we know how to act? That’s why Hashem gives Yidden a Moshe Rabbeinu, who is “a person of Hashem.” A Moshe Rabbeinu has two parts — one part of him that is “of Hashem” — very close to Hashem so he knows what Hashem wants, but he is also “a person” — so he can teach us what we need to do!
There is always a Nasi, like Moshe Rabbeinu, who helps the Yidden do what Hashem wants at that time. Now, of course, the Rebbe is our Moshe Rabbeinu!
The Rebbe told us that we are about to see the Geulah, and we need to learn and teach about it! We need to spread Yiddishkeit and Chassidus and ask Hashem to bring Moshiach NOW!
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TANYA
Igeres Hakodesh Siman Vov
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Here is another letter from the Alter Rebbe, explaining to Chassidim how special it is to give Tzedakah. (The Alter Rebbe especially wanted Chassidim to send money to the Chassidim in Eretz Yisroel, who had no way to get money. This is actually one of the reasons why the Alter Rebbe was later arrested before the Chag HaGeulah of Yud-Tes Kislev!)
There is a posuk (in Mishlei) that teaches us that the reward for giving Tzedakah is that a Yid gets Emes (truth). What does it mean “to get Emes,” and why do we get it for giving Tzedakah?
To understand this, first let’s learn something about our neshamos: When the neshama is born in a body, it can only see things that a Gashmius body can let it see. It can’t see Hashem and that Hashem is one — even though it is true! (Like we learned before in Tanya, “Hashem is one” means that even though there are so many things in the world, and even though Hashem made a whole world from nothing, it didn’t change Hashem!)
It is a big rachmonus on the poor Neshama when it is in a Gashmius body and can’t see the Emes.
IY”H tomorrow we will see what this has to do with getting emes as a reward for giving tzedakah.
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Today we learn the seder of someone who puts on four pairs of Tefillin.
Why would someone have FOUR pairs of Tefillin?
Four different Chachomim explained the halacha of which order to put the parshios (the pieces of parchment) in the compartments inside the Tefillin. Each gave a different order, and they each bring a different kind of Ruchnius koach to the person who wears them.
The halacha in Shulchan Aruch is according to Rashi, but some people have a minhag to wear the other kinds too. Our minhag is to wear two pairs of Tefillin — Rashi and Rabbeinu Tam. Still, some special people have a minhag to wear ALL FOUR kinds of Tefillin!
We learn today what a person should daven or learn when wearing each pair of tefillin.
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In today’s Sefer Hamitzvos, we learn (Mitzvas Lo Saasei #62) that it is asur to make a Shvuas Shav (like we learned about in yesterday’s Rambam) — a promise in Hashem’s name for no reason. Here are some examples of a Shevuas Shav:
- To make a promise that EVERYONE knows isn’t true — like promising during the day that it is really night
- To make a promise that something impossible happened (like “I didn’t sleep for a whole week”)
- A promise to do an aveira
- A promise that EVERYONE already knows is true (“the sky is the sky”)
We learn this mitzvah from one of the Aseres Hadibros, in Parshas Yisro: לֹא תִשָּׂא אֶת שֵׁם ה׳ אֱלֹקֶיךָ לַשָּׁוְא
The halachos are explained in Mesechta Shevuos.
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Perek Daled: This perek talks about the kind of expressions a person uses to make a shevuah, and what the halacha is in each case.
Perek Hey: We learn some details about two of the kinds of shevuos we are learning about in Sefer Hamitzvos, Shevuas Bitui and Shevuas Shav.
Perek Vov: The Rambam teaches us what happens if a person changes his mind and wants to take away the shevuah. This is called Heter Shevuos.
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Today we say the brachos of Shemoneh Esrei and what we say afterwards.
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One time at a farbrengen, the Rebbe said that there are people who give excuses so they can be free from saying Chitas. They say that it’s too hard or they don’t have enough time.
They should know that they also are making themselves free from getting the brachos from Hashem that come from learning and saying Chitas!
Make sure not to miss out on any of these special brachos — learn Chitas every day!
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Sometimes we are having a hard time with our learning, with our davening, or with our shlichus. We write to the Rebbe and ask for a bracha. We are expecting that right away, like a neis, we will have a chayus in learning, we’ll enjoy our davening, and see hatzlacha in our shlichus!
There were many people who wrote letters to the Rebbe asking for these kinds of things. The Rebbe would often answer, “Lo Yogaata Umatzasa, Al Taamin!” If someone tells you that he had hatzlacha without putting in effort, then you shouldn’t believe him! These kinds of things don’t come without us working for them, and they don’t happen right away.
But we are promised that if we do put in the effort, if we do try hard, and we don’t give up just because we didn’t see it work right away, then we will definitely have hatzlacha, and hatzlacha in a way of Motzosi, way MORE than the effort we put in!
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There is a mitzvah in the Torah that every person should write a Sefer Torah. Nowadays, we fulfill this mitzvah by buying a letter in the Sefer Torah and by buying seforim.
Did you know that there are halachos about which seforim to buy first?
The most important seforim to buy are the ones you need for learning. So before having a nice set of seforim to put on your shelf, you should first make sure you have the ones that you will need for learning.
Of course we need a Chitas and a Rambam, and basic seforim like a Tanach. But after that, which seforim of learning should we get?
The Alter Rebbe tells us in Hilchos Talmud Torah that the first parts of Torah to learn are the ones that teach us how to behave as a Yid, both halacha seforim that teach us what to do and seforim of Mussar and Chassidus which give us the right hashkafa and Yiras Shomayim.
See Kitzur Shulchan Aruch siman Chof-Ches, se’if Beis, and the Alter Rebbe’s Shulchan Aruch, Hilchos Talmud Torah perek Beis
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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Hashem gives the same message to many of the neviim, but each Navi tells it in his own way! That’s why so many nevuos say the same things about the Geulah.
Here is how the Navi Hoshea tells us about the time of the Geulah, when there will be no danger and no war:
וְכָרַתִּי לָהֶם בְּרִית בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא עִם חַיַּת הַשָּׂדֶה וְעִם עוֹף הַשָּׁמַיִם וְרֶמֶשׂ הָאֲדָמָה וְקֶשֶׁת וְחֶרֶב וּמִלְחָמָה אֶשְׁבּוֹר מִן הָאָרֶץ וְהִשְׁכַּבְתִּים לָבֶטַח
Vechorati Lahem Bris Bayom Hahu — In that time, it will be as if there is a promise to have peace
Im Chayas Hasadeh — With the wild animals
Ve’im Of Hashomayim — And with the birds in the sky
Veremes Ho’adamah — And the bugs of the earth.
Vekeshes Vecherev Umilchama Eshbor Min Ha’aretz — The bow, the sword, and war I will break off from the world
Vehishkavtim Lavetach — And I will let the Yidden rest safely.
See Hoshea perek Beis posuk Chof
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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